The (±) anatoxin-a fumarate (purity > 98.0%) and cylindrospermopsin (purity 95%) standards were provided by Enzo Life Sciences (Lausen, Switzerland). All chemical reagents were obtained from Gibco (Biomol, Sevilla, Spain), Sigma–Aldrich (Madrid, Spain), Moltox (Trinova, Biochem, Germany), and C-Viral S.L. (Sevilla, Spain).
Cylindrospermopsin
Manufactured by Enzo Life Sciences
Sourced in Switzerland, United States, Germany
Cylindrospermopsin is a laboratory standard used for research purposes. It is a cyanotoxin produced by certain species of cyanobacteria. The core function of this product is to serve as a reference standard for analytical methods and toxicological studies.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Nodularin, by Enzo Life Sciences (1 mentions)
D asp3 lr, by Enzo Life Sciences (1 mentions)
Mc rr, by Enzo Life Sciences (1 mentions)
Optima lc ms grade solvents, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Nutrient mixture f 12 ham, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Cell culture reagents, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Bradford reagent, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Celltiter 96 aqueous one solution cell proliferation assay, by Promega (1 mentions)
Enhanced luminescence reagents, by Biozym (1 mentions)
4 protocols using cylindrospermopsin
1
Anatoxin-a and Cylindrospermopsin Standards Purification
2
Analytical Standards for Cyanotoxin Detection
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Water, acetonitrile, methanol, acetic acid, and formic acid were all Optima LC/MS grade solvents and purchased from Fisher Scientific (Tewksbury, MA, USA). Microcystin standards D-Asp3-RR, MC-RR, YR, HtyR, LR, D-Asp3-LR, HilR, WR, LA, LY, LW, and LF, as well as nodularin and cylindrospermopsin were purchased from Enzo Life Sciences (Farmingdale, NY, USA). Microcystin Dha7-LR was purchased from National Research Council Canada (Ottawa, ON, Canada). Microcystin Leu1-LR was purchased from GreenWater Laboratories (Palatka, FL, USA). D-Asp3-E-Dhb7-RR was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Anabaenopeptin A and B, oscillamide Y, oscillaginin A, microginin 690 methyl ester, aeruginosamide B and C, cyanopeptolin 1040 MB and 1007, and micropeptin 1106 were purchased from MARBIONC (Wilmington, NC, USA). Anabaenopeptin F was synthetically created by the Stockdill laboratory at Wayne State University (Detroit, MI, USA). 15N MC-LR was purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, INC. (Tewksbury, MA, USA).
3
Cytotoxicity of Cylindrospermopsin in Cell Lines
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Cylindrospermopsin (purity > 95% by HPLC) was purchased from Enzo Life Sciences. Nutrient Mixture F-12 Ham and CPF were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Madrid, Spain). Minimum essential medium (MEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS) and cell culture reagents were obtained from Gibco (Biomol, Sevilla, Spain).
The Bradford reagent was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Madrid, Spain). The supplier of MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulphophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium salt) Cell Titer 96® AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay was Promega (Biotech Iberica, Madrid, Spain).
The Bradford reagent was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Madrid, Spain). The supplier of MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulphophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium salt) Cell Titer 96® AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay was Promega (Biotech Iberica, Madrid, Spain).
4
Quantification of Cellular Proteins
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Cylindrospermopsin was obtained from Enzo Life Sciences (Lörrach, Germany) and dissolved in 20% methanol in an aqueous solution (both HPLC grade). The stock (1 mmol/L) was aliquoted and stored at −20 °C. The rabbit polyclonal anti-CEP55 antibody was obtained from Life Technologies (Darmstadt, Germany). The rabbit polyclonal anti-SPARC antibody was obtained from Cell Signaling Technologies (Frankfurt/M., Germany). The mouse monoclonal anti-claudin-6 antibody was obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Heidelberg, Germany). For normalization of the Western blot signals, β-Actin-Ab #A5441 (obtained from Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was used at a dilution of 1:10,000. Horseradish Peroxidase-linked secondary antibodies (dilution of 1:6000) and enhanced luminescence reagents were obtained from Biozym, Oldendorf, Germany. An anti-rabbit Alexa Fluor 647-linked secondary antibody (111-605-003) was obtained from Jackson ImmunoResearch, Ely, United Kingdom, and used at a dilution of 1:500. All other chemicals were purchased from Carl Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany).
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