Curcumin (CUR) and THC were obtained from Wuhan reagent company (Wuhan, China). Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), 5-fluoro-2,4 (1 h,3 h) pyrimidinedione (5-FU), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), rhodamine 123 (Rh123), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), RNAse-A and propidium iodide (PI), phenylmethyl-sulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), electro-chemi-luminescence (ECL), dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), and tris-HCl and glycine were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St, Louis, MO, USA). Assay kits of BCA, caspase-3, caspase-9, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). Phosphate buffer solution (PBS), 0.1% tween-20 in phosphate buffer solution (PBST), and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) were purchased from Zhengjiang Wanbang Pharmaceutical Co. (Wenling, China). The primary antibodies against Bax, Bcl-2, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), cytochrome c, and the horseradish peroxidase (HPR)-conjugated goat anti-mouse secondary antibody were provided by BioVision, Inc., (BioVisio, Palo Alto, CA, USA). All the other cell culture reagents were purchased from Sinopharm (Beijing, China), and all the other chemicals were of analytical grade.
Lactate dehydrogenase
Manufactured by Nanjing Jiancheng
Sourced in China
Lactate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of lactate and pyruvate. It plays a key role in carbohydrate metabolism and is found in various tissues and cells throughout the body.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Malondialdehyde, by Nanjing Jiancheng (3 mentions)
Aspartate aminotransferase, by Nanjing Jiancheng (3 mentions)
Superoxide dismutase, by Nanjing Jiancheng (2 mentions)
Bcl 2, by Abcam (1 mentions)
Dichlorofluorescein diacetate dcfh da, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Rnase a and propidium iodide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Caspase 9, by Nanjing Jiancheng (1 mentions)
Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Caspase 3, by Nanjing Jiancheng (1 mentions)
Parthenolide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Nitric oxide synthase, by Nanjing Jiancheng (1 mentions)
Nitric oxide, by Nanjing Jiancheng (1 mentions)
Dulbecco s modified eagle s medium high glucose dmem h, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Bio plex pro cell signaling mapk panel, by Bio-Rad (1 mentions)
Microrotofor cell lysis kit, by Bio-Rad (1 mentions)
Mg132, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Il 1β, by Nanjing Jiancheng (1 mentions)
Mln4924, by MedChemExpress (1 mentions)
Milli q system, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
13 protocols using lactate dehydrogenase
1
Curcumin and THC Cytotoxicity Evaluation
2
Cell Signaling Pathway Modulation
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Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (N-BT) was purchased from the medicine supply station of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences (China). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), IL-1β, PI3K, and nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) kits were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (China). High glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM-H) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco. MicroRotofor™ cell lysis kit and Bio-Plex Pro™ cell signaling MAPK panel were purchased from Bio-Rad (USA). Proteasome inhibitor, MG132, and IKK (inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase, IκB) inhibitor, parthenolide, were purchased from Sigma.
3
Cardioprotective Effects of MLN4924
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MLN4924 (purity>98%) was purchased from MedChemExpress Ltd., New Jersey, USA. Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione (GSH) Commercial Kits were obtained from Jiancheng Institute of Biotechnology (Nanjing, China). Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase-Mediated Dutp Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) BrightRedApoptosis Detection Kit was purchased from Vazyme Biotech (Nanjing, China). All the other reagents used were of analytical grade.
4
Antioxidant Effects of Panax Medicinals
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Complex I and complex II determination kits were purchased from Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein determination kits were provided by Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). High-purity deionized water was purified using a Milli-Q System (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Lactic acid (LA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), liver glycogen (LG), and ATP synthase (ATPase) determination kits were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute (Nanjing, China). All other reagents were of analytical grade or higher. Panacis Quinquefolii Radix (PQR) powder was provided by Zhongzhi Yinpian Co., Ltd. (Guangdong, China). PR and NRR (purchase date August 16, 2019) were purchased from the Wenshan Shengnong Trueborn Medicinal Materials Cultivation Cooperation Society (Wenshan, China). Samples were authenticated by Professor Jie Yu, and a voucher specimen of PR (No. 9524) and NRR (No. 9525) was deposited in the Key Laboratory of Preventing Metabolic Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine (Kunming, China).
5
Isorhamnetin-Based Oxidative Stress Assay
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Isorhamnetin (purity >98%), 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) and all of the other reagents were obtained from Sigma‐Aldrich. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the activity of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, sensitivity: 7.81 mU/mL and CV% <8%) and creatine kinase (CK, sensitivity: 0.039 mU/mL and CV% < 8%), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute. The BCA protein assay kit and enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) reagent were purchased from Pierce. An In Situ Cell Death Detection kit was from Roche.
6
Ganoderic Acid A Bioactivity Evaluation
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Analytical grade ethanol, chloroform (CHCl 3 ), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ), hydrochloric acid (HCl) and phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) . Chromatographic grade acetonitrile (ACN) was obtained from Merk (Darmastadt, Germany). Ganoderic acid A with purity more than 98% was obtained from Must Bio-technology Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), phosphate buffer saline (PBS), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and t-BHP were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), trypsin and penicillin-streptomycin were obtained from Hyclone Laboratories, INC. (Logan, UT). Bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit was purchased from Tiangen Biotech CO., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Diagnostic kits for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were provided by Jiancheng Institute of Biotechnology (Nanjing, China). All other chemicals were of the highest purity available in China.
7
Serum and Cell Supernatant CK, LDH, IL-1β, IL-18 Analysis
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The rat blood serum and the supernatant of H9C2 cells were prepared and used for the examination of creatine kinase (CK). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; Nanjing Jiancheng Biological Engineering Institute, Nanjing, China; Cat# A020-2), interleukin (IL)-1β (Elabscience, Wuhan, China; Cat# E-EL-R0012c), and IL-18 (Elabscience; Cat# E-EL-R0567c) were detected using the commercial ELISA kits, according to the manufacturer's recommendation.
8
Biochemical Assay Protocol for Inflammatory and Metabolic Markers
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Cu was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO). Glucose was obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Glycyrrhizin was purchased from Selleck (USA). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits of Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were purchased from Elabscience (Wuhan, China). The commercial kits of total triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were purchased from Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). Primary antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology.
9
Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Evaluation
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DOX was obtained from Shanghai Yuanye Biological Technology Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). YQFM was provided by Tasly Pride Pharmaceutical Company Limited (Tianjin, China). Superoxide (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) assay kit were all purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineer Institute (Nanjing, China). Antibodies against cleaved caspase-3, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), BAX, Bcl-2, cytochrome c, nephrin, NPHS2 and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) secondary anti-rabbit antibodies were obtained from Abcam, (Cambridge, UK). Rat creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and TNF-α ELISA kits were purchased from MDL (Beijing, China). Dihydroethidium (DHE) was purchased from Servicebio (Wuhan, China).
Reference standard compounds of ginsenosides Rb1, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3, 20(S)-ginsenoside F2, ophiopogonin D, schizandrol B, schisandrin B and schisandrin were purchased from Shanghai Standard Technology Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China).
Reference standard compounds of ginsenosides Rb1, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3, 20(S)-ginsenoside F2, ophiopogonin D, schizandrol B, schisandrin B and schisandrin were purchased from Shanghai Standard Technology Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China).
10
Flavonoid Effects on Neuronal Survival
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Cell survival was assayed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT, Sigma) and lactate dehydrogenase (Nanjing Jiancheng Institute of Biological Engineering, Nanjing, China) release. After primary cortical cells were cultured for 11 days, the cell medium was discarded, and serum containing DMEM or one of the three doses of flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was added, and the cells remained in culture for 24 hours in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C. After these cells were applied to 1 mmol/L potassium cyanide for 60 minutes, the cell culture medium was discarded. DMEM was added and proceeded incubation for 24 hours, and cell morphology was observed and photographed with an XDS-1A inverted microscope (Guangzhou Guangxue, Guangzhou, China). The cultured medium was collected for assay of cellular lactate dehydrogenase release. An MTT stock solution was added to each well to a final concentration of 0.5 mg/mL, and then incubated for 4 hours. Finally, the MTT solution was discarded and dimethyl sulfoxide was added to each well and left overnight in the incubator. The yield of formazan was detected by optical density at λ570 nm with a microplate reader (Institute of Beijing New Technology Applications Research, China).
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