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7 protocols using celltram

1

CRISPR-Cas9 Mouse Transgenesis

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Mouse transgenesis was performed as previously described [24 (link)]. In brief, embryos for microinjection were collected from the oviducts of superovulated donor females (100% C57BL6/NRj background, Janvier Labs (SE-ZYG-CNP)). Microinjections were carried out with the help of an Axio Observer.D1 microscope (Zeiss) and microinjector devices CellTram and FemtoJet with TransferMan NK2 micromanipulators (Eppendorf). A premixed solution containing the sgRNA (50 ng/µl), Cas9 mRNA (50 ng/µl; TriLink Biotechnologies), Cas9 protein (30 ng/µl; PNA Bio Inc) and the ssODNs(100 ng/µl; IDT) was injected into the male pronucleus with injection capillaries (BioMedical Instruments, BM 100F-10; type PI-1.6) [25 (link)]. One day after the microinjection, 2-cell stage embryos were transferred into the oviducts of pseudo-pregnant foster females.
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2

Single-Cell Isolation and Lysis

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Cells of passage 3–12 were washed with PBS (Life Technologies), centrifuged down (300xg for 5 min), resuspended in PBS, and placed on AdcellTM diagnostic slides (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Single cells were isolated under the microscope in 1 µl PBS using a micromanipulator (Patchman NP2) with pump (CellTram, both Eppendorf) and placed into 2 µl of lysis buffer (0.2% Triton X-100 [Sigma-Aldrich] and 4 U recombinant RNase inhibitor [Clontech Takara]). Samples were stored at −80 °C for up to 6 months.
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3

Single Consortium Sorting and WGA

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Single-consortium sorting was carried out on samples collected in Carry-le-Rouet, Port Leucate, Port de Boulouris and Cap de Creus with an InjectMan NI2 micromanipulator and a CellTram vario, hydraulic, manual microinjector from Eppendorf mounted to a Leica DM IL LED microscope equipped with a ×63/0.70 PH objective. The microscope and micromanipulation equipment were placed inside a clean chamber previously exposed for 1 h to ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (wavelength of the lamp: 254 nm). A 10 μl drop of magnetically concentrated cells was gently added to a 30 μl drop of filtered water from the environment on a hydrophobic coverslip to magnetically transfer the magnetic protists towards the edge of the filtered water. A single consortium was transferred with a sterile microcapillary (TransferTip (ES); 15 μm inner diameter) into a 4 μl drop of PBS. This drop containing a single magnetic consortium was stored at 4 °C before WGA. To obtain sufficient gDNA for 16S and 18S rRNA gene and shotgun metagenomic sequencing, WGA was carried out using the multiple displacement amplification technique with the REPLI-g single cell kit (QIAGEN) following the manufacturer’s instructions. The concentration of double-stranded gDNA was measured using the fluorimeter QuBit 4 (ThermoFisher Scientific).
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4

Single-Cell RT-PCR Immunoglobin Gene Profiling

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RT-PCR was done on SA13 hybridoma cells retrieved from MB wells to demonstrate amplification of the heavy, kappa and lambda regions of the immunoglobin genes. MB wells were seeded with single SA 13 cells and cultured for 2 to 3 days to proliferate to 5-8 cells. Manual recovery of cells from MB wells was achieved using commercial Eppendorf CellTram and InjectMan® NI 2 Micromanipulator technology. Cells were transferred into a standard 250 μL PCR tube. RT-PCR techniques from Richardson et al. [19 (link)] were followed with the following exceptions. Cells were placed in tubes containing 10 μl/well 0.5X PBS containing 10 mM DTT (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA), and 8 U RNAsin (Promega, Madison, WI). cDNA was synthesized in a total volume of 20 μl/tube using the qScript cDNA Synthesis Kit (Quanta Biosciences). Primer sequences for the immunoglobin lambda, kappa, and heavy chain genes are given in Supplementary Table S1.
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5

Cardiomyocyte Cluster Fusion and Separation

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Large and small clusters were formed as follows. Large clusters were formed from 1.0 mL of 1.0×105cells/mL cardiomyocytes on the agarose concave structures in a 24-well plate, while small clusters were formed from 1.0 mL of 1.0×104cells/mL cardiomyocytes on the same agarose concave structures in a 24-well plate. A large cluster was placed on the bottom of a collagen-coated 35-mm dish, and then a small cluster was manipulated with a micropipette (CellTram; Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) to make it contact the large cluster. After 3 days of cultivation and observation of beating, the two connected clusters were separated back into the original small and large clusters by cutting with ophthalmic scissors (Fine Science Tools Inc., North Vancouver, BC, Canada) and their beating was observed.
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6

Single-cell RNA-Seq of Scleraxis-Positive Cells

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Control, non-injured Tnmd−/−ScxGFP+ and WT ScxGFP+ Achilles tendons (n = 2) were explanted and GFP+ cells were isolated by collagenase digestion (8 h) and filtration according to [22 (link)]. Next, cells (n = 20/genotype) were resuspended in PBS, placed on Adcell diagnostic slides (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA), picked up in 1 µl PBS each using a micromanipulator (Patchman NP2) with pump (CellTram, both Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) and subsequently stored in Smart-Seq2 lysis buffer at −80 °C. The whole transcriptome amplification (WTA) and Illumina Nextera XT library preparation (Illumina, San Diego, California, USA) were performed as described by Picelli et al. [32 (link)]. The libraries were quantified using the KAPA Library Quantification kit (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany), pooled in equimolar amounts and sequenced paired-end with read length of 2 × 150 bp and yield of 30 million reads per library on an Illumina HiSeq. In total, six ScxGFP+ cells (n = 6/genotype) were subjected to scRNA-Seq. Bioinformatic analysis is described in Supplementary information.
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7

Xenograft Transplantation in Zebrafish

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The transplantation protocol was similar to that described by our previous report34 . CM-DiI-labeled human cancer cells were loaded into a pulled glass micropipette (VWR blood capillaries #53508-400) that was drawn on an electrode puller and then trimmed to form a needle with a resulting internal diameter of approximately 15 micron and outer diameter of approximately 18 micron. The microneedle was attached to an air driven Cell Tram (Eppendorf). The tip of the needle was inserted into the yolk of a 48 hpf zebrafish and the pulse time controlled to deliver ~500 cells in 15 nL using positive pressure. The number of injected cells was standardized by fixing cell density and injection volume. After one hour recovery period at 28 °C, implanted zebrafish were examined under a fluorescence microscope (AZ100, Nikon, Japan) for the presence of xenotransplanted cells that reside only in the yolk and are then transferred to 35 °C for the duration of the experiment34 .
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