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Methyl primer express

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Methyl Primer Express is a software application designed to assist researchers in the design of primers for methylation analysis. The software provides automated primer design functionality, allowing users to specify target genomic regions and obtain suitable primer sequences for methylation studies.

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12 protocols using methyl primer express

1

Bisulfite Sequencing for SCT Promoter

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The bisulfite sequencing primers (BSP) amplifying SCT promoter and immediate downstream region were initially designed by using Methyl Primer Express software (Applied Biosystems Inc, Foster City, CA). Because of the high CG content around the SCT promoter region and lacking the BSP primers directly amplifying the SCT region of interest, we designed a nested PCR set with the primer tag modifications as described previously.34 (link) The bisulfite converted genomic DNA was specifically amplified after a second round of PCR and confirmed by subsequently direct DNA sequencing (see Fig. S1 in Supplemental Digital Content 3 for the detailed procedures for SCT bisulfite DNA sequencing). The primer sequences are provided in Table S16 in Supplemental Digital Content 4.
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2

Bisulfite Sequencing of TAGLN Gene

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DNA was obtained using Nucleospin Tissue kit (Macherey-Nagel, 740952.5) as described in the user protocol. Bilsulfite treatment was carried out with 1 μg DNA, using Epitect Bisulfite Kit (Qiagen, 59104). CpG islands were detected and bisulfite sequencing primers for TAGLN gene were designed using the Methyl Primer Express® software (Applied Biosystems, USA). The primers amplified the region between −290 to +117 bp with respect to TSS (GenBank: NM_003186.3) (Left primer: 5′-GGGGTTAGAGAATAGTGAAGTAGGAGTA-3′; Right primer: 5′-ACACTCACAAAACTTCCTCAAAACT-3′). Gel extraction was carried out with the QIAquick Gel extraction kit (Qiagen, 28704). Specific PCR products were cloned into pGEM-T-easy cloning vector (Promega, A1360) after which plasmid isolation of selected colonies (5 for each sample) was performed with the PureLink Quick Plasmid Miniprep Kit (Invitrogen, K210011) and sent for sequencing. Sequencing of the bisulfite-treated DNA inserts was performed with SP6 primers using the dideoxy chain termination method (by Iontek, Istanbul, Turkey). Bisulfite sequencing results were analyzed using QUMA software [83 (link)]. Statistical differences between breast cancer and NTB cell lines were tested with Mann–Whitney test. Statistical differences between methylation percentages of paired tissues were tested with Wilcoxon signed rank test, in GraphPad Prism 6.0.
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3

SOCS3 Methylation-Specific PCR Protocol

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Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was performed based on results of a previous study (9 (link)). The methylation-specific primer was designed using the Methyl Primer Express software v1.0 (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). Primer sequences are shown in Table I. The PCR reaction conditions were as follows: Initial denaturation at 95°C for 10 min; 40 cycles of denaturation at 95°C for 40 sec; annealing at 65°C for 30 sec and elongation at 75°C for 40 sec. Finally, cycling was completed with an elongation step at 75°C for 10 min. Sequences of MSP primers in exon 1 of SOCS3 were: Sense, 5′-TTCGAGGTGTTCGATTAGAC-3′ and antisense, 5′-AAAATGCTTCCGACATAGAT-3′. Sequences of MSP primers in intron 1 of SOCS3 were: Sense, 5′-GCCTCCGGGTAAGCGTGGATTAG-3′ and antisense, 5′-AATACATAGAGGCTGCGCGAAGC-3′.
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4

BRCA2 Promoter Methylation Analysis

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Methyl Primer Express® software (Applied Biosystems) was used in order to identify CpG islands and design primers for MSP technique. Methylation specific primers were designed to the promoter region in exon 1 in the 5′ untranslated region of the BRCA2 gene. Primers for amplification were as follows: BRCA2 Methylated Forward (5′- AAATTAGGCGGTAGAGGC-3′), and Reverse (5′- ATAAACTAACAAAAACCGCG-3′), BRCA2 Unmethylated Forward (5′- TTGAAATTAGGTGGTAGAGGT-3′) and Reverse (5′- AAATAAACTAACAAAAACCACAC-3′).
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5

Structural Modeling and Regulatory Analysis of Human FPGS Gene

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For the analysis of amino acid conservation, Jalview was used to visualize the multiple alignment generated by psi-blast and to calculate conservation of each residue.
To generate the 3D model of the hFPGS, a multiple alignment of the hFPGS was performed by 10 iterations of HHpred using HHblitz MSA generation method. The L.casei FPGS, the crystal structure of which was previously reported (PDB 1jbw), scored the highest in conservation and was therefore used as a template to generate the 3D model of the hFPGS using Modeller. The model was visualized using UCSF Chimera [44 (link)].
MatInspector (Genomatix) was used to analyze the MP, UPE and exon12 of FPGS for putative TFs binding sites.
Putative CpG island predictions in the FPGS gene of the indicated species were performed by Methyl primer express (Applied Biosystems-Life Technologies) with the following parameters: 300-2,000bp CpG island length, over 50% GC content and CpG observed/CpG expected ratio >0.6. A multiple alignment was generated as described above, and was used to identify the location of the putative CpG island relative to the hFPGS exon12 homologue in each species.
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6

Identification of CpG Islands in PREX1 and VAV3

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The presence of CpG islands in the human PREX1 (NM_020820) and VAV3 (NM_006113) gene promoters was determined using the Methyl Primer Express software (Applied Biosystems).
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7

Bisulfite Sequencing of Colon Cancer Methylation

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Demethylation of colon cancer cell lines was induced as previously described32 (link). Briefly, cells were treated with 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (Sigma) for 3 days, DNA was extracted using Gentra Puregene Cell Kit and bisulfite conversion was performed with the EpiTect Bisulfite Kit (both Qiagen). Primers (listed in Supplementary Table 2) spanning three regions of interest determined from methylation data obtained from CRC patients, i.e. chr2:231774770 in the gene body (“body”), chr2:231789465 in the 5’-untranslated region (“5’-UTR”), and chr2:231790813, upstream of the transcription start site (“TSS”) were designed using Methyl Primer Express (Life Technologies) with hg19 as a reference. The regions of interest were amplified using the HotStar Taq® Master Mix Kit (Qiagen) and sequenced using the BigDye® Terminator v3.1 Cycle Sequencing Kit (Life Technologies) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The sequencing reactions were purified using Sephadex G50 Superfine (Sigma) and sequenced on an ABI 3130xl Genetic Analyzer. Sequences were analyzed using the SeqScape software (Life Technologies) and CpG methylation was calculated as a function of the area under the curve of the C and the T traces.
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8

Quantitative Methylation Analysis

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DNA (1 μg) was bisulfite-converted with the EpiTect Bisulfite Kit (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer's protocol. Primers spanning methylated cytosines were designed with Methyl Primer Express (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and are available upon the request. qPCR reactions were performed on an ABI 7900HT thermocycler equipped with a 384-well block in 5-μl-reaction mixtures containing 2.5 μl 2X SensiMix SYBR Hi-ROX (Bioline, London, UK), 2-μl DNA (10 ng) and 50-nM primers. qPCR was carried out for 40 cycles consisting of 15 s of denaturation at 95 °C and hybridisation for 1 min at 60 °C in a 384-well reaction plate. Results were expressed as percentages of the methylation level of fully methylated DNA from the EpiTect PCR Control DNA Set (Qiagen) normalised to input DNA.
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9

Bisulfite Sequencing of miR-335 Promoter

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The sequence of miR-335 was searched using the University of California Santa Cruz’s Genome Bioinformatics resource [18 ]. Scanning for CpG islands in the submitted sequence identified four CpG islands in Methprimer (http://www.urogene.org/index.html). The Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project (BDGP) (http://fruitfy.org:9005/seq_tools/promoter.html) submitted three promoter regions with scores > 0.90: 128–178 base pairs (bp), 935–985 bp, and 1740–1790 bp. We confirmed that the promoter of miR-335 lay within the range of the CpG islands.
Bisulfite-modified sequencing (BSP) primers were designed using Methyl Primer Express® software (v 1.0; Thermo Fisher Scientific. USA): forward 5′-TAAAGGGGGTTTTGTTTTTTTAATT-3′ and reverse 5′-CCCACAAACTACCCACAAAC-3′. The whole process was as follows: DNA methylation bisulfite modification; PCR amplification, electrophoresis, and retrieval; PCR products connected to the pUC18-T vector and transformation; blue/white plaque selection; extraction of plasmids; and finally sequencing of the DNA. The sequencing process was performed by Sangon Biotech (Shanghai, PR China) with genomic DNA from the cell lines and sequencing primers provided by our group.
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10

Keap1 Gene Promoter Methylation Analysis

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Genomic DNA was extracted using the DNeasy Tissue kit (QIAGEN, MD, USA). The EZ DNA Methylation Kit (Zymo Research, CA, USA) was used for sodium bisulfite conversion, according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Primers spanning two promoters of the Keap1 gene were designed using Methyl Primer Express (Thermo Scientific). Promoter 1 Forward: 5′- GAGTTTTGGYGGGGAATT-3′; Reverse: 5′-CCCTACCRCCTAAAACCAA-3′. Bisulfite-modified DNA (100 ng) was amplified in a PCR mix containing 0.4 µM of forward and reverse primer, HotStarTaq Master Mix Kit (Qiagen, Germany: 203445). Methylation status analysis was performed by Quantification Tool for Methylation Analysis (QUMA) software.
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