Plasmids: human NLRP9 was cloned from colon biopsy cDNA, mouse AIM2, and ASC were cloned from intestine tissue cDNA, tagged with Flag or HA, and then inserted into a pcDNA3.1 vector. Flag-tagged NLRP3, NLRP6 and RIG-I were described previously25 (link).
Tunnel kit for the in situ staining of intestinal epithelial cell death was purchased from Roche. Annexin V/7-AAD staining kit was purchased from eBioscience.
Cell culture: HEK293T (ATCC CRL-3216), HEK293 (ATCC CRL-1573) and Caco-2 (ATCC HTB-37) cells were cultured in DMEM with 10% FBS; HT-29 (ATCC HTB-38) cells were cultured in DMEM supplemented with F12 nutrients with 10% FBS. THP-1 (ATCC TIB-202) cells were cultured in RPMI medium with 10% FBS. These cell lines are not listed in the database of commonly misidentified cell lines maintained by ICLAC, and not authenticated or tested for mycoplasma contamination.