Culture Collection (ATCC) and grown in DMEM with high glucose, 20% FBS,
sodium pyruvate, glutamine, penicillin, and streptomycin (normal growth media)
for routine culturing. Trans-nonachlor (>99% purity), oleic acid,
sodium palmitate, Oil Red O stain, Janus Green stain, and cell viability reagent
(Cell Counting Kit-8) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich. Trans-nonachlor stock
solutions were made in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at a 4000x concentration to
produce DMSO (0.025%) as the final DMSO concentration in vehicle
controls. 4,4-difluoro-5-methyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-3-dodecanoic acid
(BODIPY 500/510 C12; BODIPY-FA) was obtained from Life Technologies for use in
fatty acid uptake assays. 14C-acetate was purchased from Perkin Elmer
for use in DNL assays. TBARS, glutathione, β-hydroxybutyrate
(β-HB), and triglyceride assay kits were purchased from Cayman
Chemical.