Pcf 290zi

BAE was performed using a single-balloon enteroscope (SIF-Q260; Olympus Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan). An expert endoscopist performed BAE and inserted it into the small bowel as deep as possible. When insertion was difficult owing to stenosis, imaging with a contrast medium injected from the scope was used to assess the lesions in the deeper parts. CS was performed using a conventional colonoscope (PCF-290ZI; PCF-PQ260L; Olympus Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan). CS was performed using a conventional colonoscope (PCF-290ZI; PCF-PQ260L; Olympus Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan). Conventional CS under fluoroscopy with contrast medium infusion was not included as small bowel imaging in this study. CE was performed using PillCam Small Bowel Capsule 3 (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA). All segments were retrospectively and separately scored using simple endoscopic score for Crohn’s disease (SES-CD) [24] (link) by endoscopists who were blinded to the biomarker results.

Of the 395 lesions removed by colorectal ESD performed between April 2018 and March 2022, 6 lesions with insufficient description of data on preoperative and/or pathological tumor diameter and 12 lesions with incomplete resection were excluded. Finally, we collected 377 lesions in this study (Figure 1).
ESD indication criteria were based on the Japanese Colorectal ESD/EMR guidelines[4 (link)]. We mainly used the PCF-290ZI endoscope (Olympus Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) with a transparent straight hood (D-201-12704; Olympus) under carbon dioxide insufflation. A 0.4% sodium hyaluronate solution (Ksmart; Olympus) diluted five times with normal saline, which included a small amount of indigo carmine, was used for submucosal injection. A mucosal incision was made around the tumor, and submucosal dissection for en bloc removal was performed using the DualKnife (KD-655Q; Olympus). A high-frequency generator (VIO 3; Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH, Tübingen, Germany) was used during ESD. ST-hood (DH-29CR; Fujifilm Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), hemostatic forceps (FD-411QR; Olympus), or other endoscopic devices were used according to the situation. The transanally retrieved specimen was promptly spread, pinned on a sponge board, and immersed into 10% neutral buffered formalin for fixation for histological evaluation by pathologists.

The bowel preparation method in our hospital was as follows: 10 mL of 0.75% sodium picosulfate hydrate was administered the day before colonoscopy and 2 L of polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution on the morning of the colonoscopy. In all patients, either pethidine (17.5–35 mg) + midazolam (1–5 mg) or funitrazepam (0.2–0.5 mg) was administered for conscious sedation at the beginning of the procedure. Intravenous glucagon or scopolamine was administered to reduce colonic movements. A single-channel endoscope (CF-HQ290ZI, PCF-290ZI, PCF-Q260AZI, PCF-Q260J; Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) with a transparent attachment at the tip and carbon dioxide insufflation were used.