Dopamine solutions were made fresh daily and kept covered in aluminum foil and on ice to minimize oxidation. All other agonist and antagonists were prepared as stock solutions (1:1000-1:10,000) in DI water or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and diluted into ACSF prior to experiments. The bath concentration of Rubi-GABA perfusion was 10 μM. Cocaine HCl was obtained from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. Dopamine, NEM, kynurenic acid, and methysergide were obtained from Sigma. CPP, gabazine, SCH-23390, yohimbine, citalopram, and GR 127935 were obtained from Abcam. CGP 55845 was obtained from Hello Bio Inc. NBQX was obtained from Hello Bio Inc. and Abcam. kynurenic acid was obtained from Hello Bio and Sigma. All other drugs were obtained from Tocris.
Kynurenic acid
Manufactured by Hello Bio
Sourced in United Kingdom
Kynurenic acid is a tryptophan metabolite that functions as an antagonist of ionotropic glutamate receptors, including N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It is commonly used in research applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Methysergide, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Dopamine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Yohimbine, by Abcam (2 mentions)
Citalopram, by Abcam (2 mentions)
Sch 23390, by Abcam (2 mentions)
Gr 127935, by Abcam (2 mentions)
Cgp 55845, by Hello Bio (2 mentions)
Gabazine, by Abcam (2 mentions)
Kynurenic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Gabazine, by Hello Bio (1 mentions)
U73122, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Rs 3 5 dihydroxyphenylglycine dhpg, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions)
Aminooxyacetic acid aoaa, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Picrotoxin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Strychnine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
4 protocols using kynurenic acid
1
Dopamine Solution Preparation and Compound Sourcing
2
Selective mGlu5 Receptor PAM Protocol
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VU0360172 (N-clyclobutyl-6-[2-3(fluorophenyl) ethynyl] pyridine-3-carboxamine), a selective mGlu5 receptor positive allosteric modulator (PAM), was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, Texas, USA). VU0360172 was dissolved in 10% Tween 80 and injected subcutaneously (s.c.). Fresh drug solution was prepared daily. VU0360172 was administered at the centrally active dose of 3 mg/kg (Rodriguez et al., 2010) ; control animals received equal volumes of 10% Tween 80. U73122 was purchased from Sigma (Milan, Italy). For the incubation of acute thalamic slices, VU0360172 and U73122 were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at the initial concentration of 10 mM. Aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) was from SIGMA Aldrich (Milan, Italy). (RS)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) was purchased from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, United Kingdom); DHPG was dissolved in Krebs buffer at the initial concentration of 10 mM.
GABAzine and kynurenic acid were obtained from Hello Bio (Bristol, UK).
GABAzine and kynurenic acid were obtained from Hello Bio (Bristol, UK).
3
Dopamine Solution Preparation and Compound Sourcing
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Dopamine solutions were made fresh daily and kept covered in aluminum foil and on ice to minimize oxidation. All other agonist and antagonists were prepared as stock solutions (1:1000-1:10,000) in DI water or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and diluted into ACSF prior to experiments. The bath concentration of Rubi-GABA perfusion was 10 μM. Cocaine HCl was obtained from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. Dopamine, NEM, kynurenic acid, and methysergide were obtained from Sigma. CPP, gabazine, SCH-23390, yohimbine, citalopram, and GR 127935 were obtained from Abcam. CGP 55845 was obtained from Hello Bio Inc. NBQX was obtained from Hello Bio Inc. and Abcam. kynurenic acid was obtained from Hello Bio and Sigma. All other drugs were obtained from Tocris.
4
Gravity-fed Perfusion of Neurochemicals
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Drugs were applied to the bath via a gravity-fed perfusion system. Drugs used were: strychnine and picrotoxin, purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (UK), kynurenic acid and TTX from Hello-Bio (UK). Stock solutions were made in distilled water or in DMSO and then aliquoted and frozen at À20 1C.
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