GC/MS consisted of a Clarus
500 GC (Perkin Elmer), equipped with a
Zebron ZB-FFAP column (Phenomenex), and a quadrupole Clarus
500 MS (Perkin Elmer). The
15-
m long column had an inner diameter of
320 μm. The elapsed time during measurement was
32 min. We applied a temperature gradient from
40 to
230°, increasing in a stepwise manner by
6° per minute. The spectra of the detected molecules were compared to the NIST database.
The gaseous samples (
A3_
1gas-,
A3_
2gas-, and
A3_
3gas-) were directly injected into the gas chromatograph. Hydrophobic substances were extracted from
1 ml liquid sample that included the oil-like layer in
1 ml of an
1:
1:
1-mixture of dethylether,
n-pentane and cyclohexane (
A3_
1liquid+,
A3_
2liquid+, and
A3_
3liquid-).
By comparing the surface area of the peaks in the chromatogram, we determined the concentrations of substances in the liquid phase relative to a reference (Appendix: Tab. 6, 7, and 8). We found the solvent cyclohexane most suitable to use as a reference. The estimated concentrations of the different molecules detected in the broth reached up to the millimolar range.
Scherer S., Wollrab E., Codutti L., Carlomagno T., da Costa S.G., Volkmer A., Bronja A., Schmitz O.J, & Ott A. (2016). Chemical Analysis of a “Miller-Type” Complex Prebiotic Broth: Part II: Gas, Oil, Water and the Oil/Water-Interface. Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere, 47(4), 381-403.