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16 protocols using ab4080

1

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Cervical Cancer

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In this study, the cervical cancer surgical specimens were collected from Shanghai Red House Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Red House Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, and written informed consent was provided by all patients. The specimens were fixed in 4% neutral buffered formalin for 48h at room temperature. The paraffin-embedded specimens were cut in 5-μm-thick sections and placed on slides. After deparaffinization and antigen retrieval, the slides were blocked in 5% horse serum diluted in PBS for 30min. The diluted primary antibodies of MLL5 (1:100, Ab7533, Abcam), OGT (1:100, Ab96718, Abcam) and USP7 (1:100, Ab4080, Abcam) were applied. The slides were incubated for 60min at room temperature in a humidified box. After washing 4 times with Tris-buffered saline, the sections were incubated with the biotinylated secondary antibody (SC-2030, Santa Cruz). The sections were visualized with 3, 3’-diaminobenzidine (DAB). The secions were counterstained with haematoxylin.
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2

Immunohistochemical Analysis of USP7 Expression

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Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed for paraffin-embedded tissue samples [22 (link)]. Briefly, tissues were cut into 4-μm sections and then mounted onto glass slides. After dried and dewaxed in xylol, the slides were rehydrated with an alcohol gradient. Then the endogenous peroxidase was blocked by treated with 3% hydrogen peroxide. Antigen retrieval was performed by incubating in 10 mM citrate buffer. After blocked with goat serum for 30 min, slides were incubated with primary USP7 antibody (ab4080, Abcam, USA) at 4 C overnight. PBS was used as a negative control. Slides were then incubated with secondary antibody for 30 min, and the immunoreactivity was finally detected by 3,3′-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB) staining and counterstained with hematoxylin.
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3

Measuring USP7-NOX4 Interaction by Co-IP

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Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) was used to measure the interaction of USP7 and NOX4. Cell lysates extracted with RIPA buffer were incubated with anti-USP7 (Abcam; ab4080), anti-NOX4 (Abcam; ab109225), or normal IgG antibody (sc-2027; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, United States) at 4°C overnight, followed by incubation with protein A/G beads (Thermo Fisher, China) at 4°C for 2 h. The immunocomplexes were washed three times with lysis buffer on a magnetic rack and then examined by immunoblotting with anti-USP7 antibody (Abcam; ab190183), anti-NOX4 antibody (Abcam; ab133303), and anti-ubiquitin (Abcam; ab7780) antibodies.
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4

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Targets

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Total protein was extracted using Radio Immunoprecipitation Assay (RIPA) lysis buffer (BYL40825; JRDUN Biotechnology, Shanghai, China). Proteins were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane (Millipore, Billerica, USA). The membrane was blocked with 5% skim milk and then incubated with primary antibodies against p53 (2524; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, USA), p21 (2947; Cell Signaling Technology), USP7 (ab4080; Abcam, Cambridge, USA,), or GAPDH (5174; Cell Signaling Technology), followed by incubation with the corresponding horse radish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibodies (A0208 and A0216; Beyotime). The content of protein was detected by using enhanced chemiluminescence reagents (Bio-Rad).
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5

Immunohistochemical Analysis of USP7

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Briefly, paraffin-embedded specimens were cut into 3–4 μm serial sections; the sections were then deparaffinized and incubated with peroxidase solution (3% H2O2) in the dark for 10 minutes, followed by incubation at room temperature for 30 minutes with nonimmune animal serum. The sections were then incubated with USP7 primary antibody (ab4080; Abcam, Cambridge, UK) at 4°C overnight, followed by second antibody for 30 minutes, and washed with phosphate-buffered saline. Solution A was added to the sections for 30 minutes followed by 3,3′-diaminobenzidine staining and hematoxylin counter-staining. The slides were then dehydrated with alcohol, soaked in xylene for 3×5 minutes, and finally mounted with neutral balsam. A 5% FBS was used in place of primary antibodies as a negative control.
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6

Western Blot Analysis of USP7 and Actin

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Total cell extracts were prepared with NP-40 Buffer (50 mM Tris–HCl pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 1% NP-40, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate) and protease inhibitor cocktails (1:1,000). Approximately 40 μg of each protein sample was subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to nitrocellulose. Membranes were blocked with 5% skim milk in Tris-buffered saline with 1% Tween and then incubated with antibodies against USP7 (ab4080 from Abcam; 1:2,000 dilution) and actin (sc-1616 from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA; 1:2,000 dilution). After washing, blots were probed with goat anti-rabbit peroxidase (Santa Cruz Biotechnology; 1:5,000 dilution) and developed using chemiluminescence reagents (Santa Cruz Biotechnology).
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7

Immunoprecipitation and Western Blot Analysis

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The transfected cells were lysed in lysate buffer (mixture of 50 mmol/L Tris ‐ HCl (pH 7.4), 150 mmol/L NaCl, 10% glycerol, 1 mmol/L EDTA, 0.5% NP‐40 and protease inhibitor) and centrifuged to move cell debris. Cleared cell lysate was incubated with 1 μg anti‐HA (ab9110, 1:70, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), myc (ab32072, 1:100, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), USP7 (ab109109, 1:1000, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), KDM6B (ab38113, 1:100, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) or anti‐FLAG antibody (ab205606, 1:1000, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) and 15 μL protein A/G beads (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA) for 2 hours. After extensive washing, the beads were boiled at 100℃ for 5 minutes. Proteins were resolved by sodium dodecyl sulphate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes (Millipore, Temecula, CA, USA), followed by immunoblotting. To detect endogenous protein interactions, cells were lysed in ice‐cold lysis buffer. Cleared cell lysates were incubated with 5 μg anti‐USP7 antibody (ab4080, 1:1000, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) and 20 μL protein A/G beads at 4°C overnight. The anti‐USP7 antibody was used to detect the endogenous KDM6B.
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8

Western blot analysis of esophageal tissue

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Radio immunoprecipitation assay lysis buffer (C0481, Sigma-Aldrich) was used for total protein extraction.23 (link) The protein sample was quantified using a bicinchoninic acid kit (Beyotime, Shanghai, P.R. China), separated by 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and electrotransferred onto polyvinylidene fluoride membranes (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). Immunoblots were incubated with primary antibodies overnight at 4°C and then incubated with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (ab99702, Abcam, Cambridge, UK). Immunoreactive bands were visualized by enhanced chemiluminescence (Baomanbio, Shanghai, P.R. China), and protein expression was normalized against β-actin. Antibodies against the following proteins were used (all from Abcam): β-actin (ab115777), FOXO6 (ab48730), c-CASP3 (ab13847), USP (ab4080), JMJD3 (ab38113), HA (ab9110), FLAG (ab1162), and Myc (ab32072). The levels being reported were relative to the mean expression of three non-cancerous samples (three adjacent non-tumorous esophageal tissues or normal esophageal cells) for each experiment.
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9

Investigating Protein Interactions and Apoptosis

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Antibodies used in this study includeUSP7(Western blot: #4833, CST; ab4080, Abcam; Immunohistochemistry: NB100-513, NOVUS), SAMHD1 (Western blot:#12361, CST; IP: ab245389, Abcam; Immunohistochemistry/Immunofluorescence: ab128107, Abcam), CtIP (Western blot: #9201, CST;Immunofluorescence:NB100-79810), β-actin (AC004, ABclonal), Flag (SG4110-16, Shanghai Genomics Technology), Myc (SG4110-18, Shanghai Genomics Technology), HA (#3724, CST), Ubiquitin (#3933S, CST), PARP (#9532, CST),Cleaved PARP (#5625, CST), Caspase3 (#9662, CST), Cleaved Caspase3 (#9664, CST), Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) (#9718, CST; #80312, CST).
CHX (S7418), P5091 (S7132), Cisplatin (S1166), Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) HCl (S1208), and MG132 (S2619) were purchased from Selleck. PI (propidium iodide, ST511) and NAC (S0077) were from Beyotime. IPTG (I6758) were from Sigma-Aldrich.
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10

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Targets

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Western blotting analysis was performed on all individual samples in the identification cohort. For sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), 20 μg of protein was separated by gel electrophoresis on 10% Mini-PROTEAN TGX Precast Gels (#456-1084; Bio-Rad Laboratories, Shanghai, China) and transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride membranes. The membranes were then incubated at 4°C overnight with primary anti-WDR1 antibody (1:1000, ab228738, Abcam, Shanghai, China), primary anti-USP7 antibody (1:1000, ab4080, Abcam, Shanghai, China) or primary anti-β-Catenin antibody (1:5000, ab32572, Abcam, Shanghai, China), followed by incubation with a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody (1:1000, GE Healthcare Biosciences, NY, USA) for 1 h at room temperature. β-actin was used as a control for protein loading, and was detected using a mouse monoclonal anti-β-actin antibody (1:1000, ab5694, Abcam, Shanghai, China). The signal was visualised using an enhanced chemiluminescence agent (GE Healthcare Biosciences, NY, USA), and quantitative analysis of the protein bands was performed by using ImageJ software (NIH Image).
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