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6 protocols using pcmv vsv g envelope

1

Lentiviral shRNA Knockdown Procedure

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The procedures for shRNA-mediated gene knockdown have been described previously (25 (link)) with some modifications. The shRNA sequences are listed in Supplemental Table S1. To produce lentiviral particles expressing the specific shRNA in a well of a six-well dish, the lentiviral vector pLKO.1 (Life Technologies) with the inserted shRNA-expressing cassette (0.5 μg), together with the pCMV-VSV-G envelope (0.5 μg; Addgene #8454) and the psPAX2 packaging (0.5 μg; Addgene #12260) plasmids, were co-transfected into 293T cells. Sixteen hrs later, cells were changed into fresh medium (DMEM + 20% FBS) and cultured for additional 24 h. The virus-containing medium was then collected, filtered through a 0.45 micron filter and added to the cells to be infected. Spin-infection was performed by incubation of the virus-containing medium with the cells at 25°C for 1.5 h at 1200 rpm. The infected cell pool was obtained after the selection with puromycin (2 μg/ml) for 5 days for C2C12 cells and 3 days for Hela and 293T cells.
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2

Generation of Inducible Neurodegeneration Models

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Novel doxycycline-inducible, FLAG-tagged, full-length WT Tau, TDP-43, and α-syn lentiviral plasmid constructs were first designed and synthesized (Epoch Life Sciences) using a puromycin resistant plasmid backbone, pTet-O-Ngn2-Puro (Addgene #52,047). Using these 3 WT plasmid constructs, individual constructs containing single pathogenic point mutations were also generated: Α-syn A30P, E46K, H50Q, G51D and A53T; TDP-43 G298S, A315T, A321G, Q331K and M337V; and tau K257T, N279K, P301S and S305N. With these constructs, lentivirus was made using the psPAX2 packing (Addgene #12,260) and pCMV-VSV-G envelope (Addgene #8454) plasmids. To generate stable lines, SH-SY5Y cells already containing the pLenti CMV rtTA3 Blast construct (Addgene #26,429) were infected and stable lines (17 in total) were generated using Puromycin 1 mg/mL selection.
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3

Lentiviral Vector Production Protocol

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Lentiviruses were produced by co-transfecting HEK293T cells on 10-cm dishes with pLKO.1puro transfer, the pCMV-VSV-G envelope and pCMV-dR8.2 packaging plasmids (gift from Dr. Bob Weinberg, [25 (link)], purchased from Addgene) using the calcium phosphate precipitation method. In summary, plasmid DNAs were mixed in sterile distilled water, then 2.5 M CaCl2 was added (final concentration: 125 mM) and the solution was mixed dropwise with 2× HEPES-buffered solution [HBS] (42 mM HEPES, 15 mM D-glucose, 1.4 mM Na2HPO4, 10 mM KCl, 274 mM NaCl 274 mM, pH 7.1). This mixture was added dropwise to attached cells and the medium was replaced with fresh complete DMEM after 6 h. After 48 h had passed post-transfection, the cell medium was collected and centrifuged for 10 min at 3000 rpm, the supernatant was filtered and the lentiviral vector particles were purified and concentrated with a Lenti-X concentrator kit (Takara). After concentration, the viral particles were resuspended in sterile phosphate-buffered saline and the titer of the samples was measured with a qPCR Lentivirus titer kit from Applied Biological Materials (Vancouver, Canada). The samples were stored at −80 °C until the infection of cells.
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4

SOX2 Silencing and Overexpression in Cell Lines

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SOX2-silenced A375-M6 cells were obtained by siRNA transfection with Sox-2 siRNA (sc-38408, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, Texas, USA) or control siRNA-A (sc-37007, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), according to manufacturer’s instructions. SOX2 silencing in SSM2c cells was obtained by lentiviral transduction. Lentiviruses were produced in HEK-293 T cells. Lentiviral vectors used were pLKO.1-puro (LV-c) (Open Biosystems, Lafayette, CO, USA) and pLKO.1-puro-shSOX2–1 (LV-shSOX2–1) targeting the 3′ untranslated region of SOX2 (targeting sequence 5’-CTGCCGAGAATCCATGTATAT-3′) as previously reported [13 (link)]. SOX2 overexpression in 501-Mel cells was obtained by retroviral transduction. Retroviruses were produced in HEK-293 T cells. Retroviral vectors used were generated by co-transfection of 1 μg pBABE (Addgene, Cambridge, MA, USA, #1764) or pBABE-SOX2 (cloned into the BamHI/SalI restriction sites of pBABE vector using the following primers: SOX2-F 5’-ATGTACAACATGATGGAGACGG-3′ and SOX2-R 5’-TCACATGTGTGAGAGGGGC-3′), 0.9 μg pUMVC packaging plasmid (Addgene, #8449) and 0.1 μg pCMV-VSV-G envelope (Addgene, #8454).
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5

Lentiviral knockdown of eIF4E in VAL and OCI-LY1 cells

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The pLKO.1 lentiviral vectors with eIF4E and scrambled shRNA (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) were used with pCMV-VSVG envelope (Addgene plasmid 8454,Weinberg lab) and psPAX2 packing plasmids (Addgene plasmid 12260, Trono lab) to generate infectious lentiviral particles. VAL and OCI-LY1 cell lines were infected with high titer lentivirus and selected with 2 µg/ml puromycin (Sigma Aldrich). The knockdown of eIF4E was confirmed by western blotting.
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6

Generating Lentiviral Particles for Transduction

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sfGFP plasmid51 (link) gifted by David Thompson from the Church Lab was cloned into a pLenti CMV Puro DEST (Addgene, 17452) vector using LR Clonase II and transformed into DH5alpha cells (NEB, C2987H). Purified pLenti-sfGFP plasmid DNA (37.5 ug) was diluted into 1 ml Opti-MEM I (ThermoFisher, 319850672) with lentivirus pCMV-VSV-G envelope (Addgene, 8454) and psPAX2 packaging plasmid (Addgene, 12260) in a 3:3:1 mass ratio. FuGene6 (56.25 μl; Promega, E2691) was added to the mixture and incubated for 20 min at r.t. The transfection mix was then diluted in 15 ml antibiotic-free media consisting of Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM), high glucose (Gibco, 11965118), 10% fetal bovine serum, 0.1 mM minimal essential media non-essential amino acids (MEM-NEAA) (Gibco, 11140050), 6 mM l-glutamine, and 1 mM sodium pyruvate, and added to a T75 flask that was plated 1 d before transfection with 5.5 million human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells. After 3 d, media with packaged lentivirus were collected and concentrated 50× using Lenti-X concentrator (Takara Bio, 631231), aliquoted and frozen at −80 °C. Single-cell clones of PGP1-SV NGN1 were subjected to transduction by packaged lentivirus for 1 d. Cells were grown until confluent, flow-sorted in a Sony SH800S cell sorter for the top 10% of sfGFP+ cells, expanded and frozen.
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