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Tzero press

Manufactured by TA Instruments
Sourced in United States

The Tzero Press is a laboratory instrument designed for sample compression and preparation. It provides precise control over the sample's physical state, enabling users to obtain consistent and reproducible results during thermal analysis. The core function of the Tzero Press is to prepare samples for further analysis using various thermal analysis techniques.

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6 protocols using tzero press

1

Quantifying Drug Crystallinity in Tablets

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DSC (Q2000 TA instruments, United Kingdom) was performed to evaluate the percentage of drug crystallinity after tablet preparation. Tzero pans (TA instruments, Belgium) were filled with approximately 5–10 ​mg sample and placed in the DSC equipment after being non-hermetically sealed with Tzero lids using a Tzero Press (TA instruments, United Kingdom). An empty Tzero pan was used as a reference. A single heating run was performed at a heating rate of 10 ​°C/min from 0 to 150, 260 and 280 ​°C for MPT, MTF and THA formulations, respectively. The DSC apparatus was equipped with a refrigerated cooling system and dry nitrogen at a flow rate of 50 ​mL/min. The percentage of drug crystallinity was calculated by means of Equation (1) using the melt enthalpy obtained in DSC experiments. Xc=ΔH1ΔH2x100

Xc: the percentage of drug crystallinity (%)

Δ H1: melt enthalpy of the drug in the tablet (J/g)

Δ H2: melt enthalpy of the drug in the physical mixture (J/g)

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2

Thermal Analysis of Organic Polymers

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A Tzero™ press (TA instruments, USA) was used to seal the pan containing OPX hermetically with its corresponding lid (TA instruments, USA) and an empty pan sealed with its lid was used as the reference. The samples were then heated from −20 to 140°C at 10°C min−1 under N2 gas (50 mL min−1) in a differential scanning calorimeter Q2000, (TA Instruments, USA). Data analysis was performed with TA Universal Analysis software.
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3

Determining PCL Crystallinity by DSC

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The produced filaments were analyzed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC; Q2000 TA instruments, Leatherhead, UK) to investigate the crystallinity of PCL. Tzero pans (TA instruments) were filled with approximately 5–10 mg of sample and placed in the DSC instrument after being non-hermetically sealed with Tzero lids using a Tzero Press (TA instruments). An empty Tzero pan was used as a reference. A heating run at a rate of 10 °C/min from 0 to 100 °C was performed. The DSC instrument was equipped with a refrigerated cooling system and dry nitrogen at a flow rate of 50 mL/min. The percentage of PCL crystallinity was calculated based on the following equation using the melt enthalpy obtained in the DSC experiments: Crystallinity=HsHfc×R×100%

Hs is the melting enthalpy of a sample

R is the PCL content in a sample

Hfc is the melting enthalpy of 100% crystalline PCL which is 142 J/g [9 (link)]

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4

DSC Analysis of Enthalpic Relaxation

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A 2 mm thick, 4 mm cylindrical sample was punched from a tensile specimen and placed in a pan (901683.901 Tzero Hermetic Pan, TA Instruments, USA), covered with a lid (Tzero Hermetic Lid 901683.901, TA Instruments, USA) crimped (Tzero Press, TA Instruments, USA), weighed (Quintex 124-1s, Sartorius, GER) and inserted into the DSC (Q2000, TA Instruments, USA). Temperature was swept twice from 20 °C to 300 °C and back to 20 °C at 20 °C min−1. DSC was applied to quantify enthalpic relaxation by integration of the endothermic peak at Tg.29 (link) Enthalpic relaxation (ΔH(Tg)) was determined in Universal Analysis 2000 (V. 4.5, TA Instruments, USA) by numerical integration with a linear extrapolation from the constant heat flow plateau after Tg subtracted the unaged ΔH(Tg) (t = 0 h) (Fig. 12). Onset Tg was determined during cooling, ΔCp was determined as the change in heat flow over Tg during heating and Tm was determined from integration with linear baseline from 240 to 280 °C.
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5

Differential Scanning Calorimetry Analysis of Lipid Mixtures

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DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) measurements were made using a TA Instruments (New Castle, DE) Q20 differential scanning calorimeter. Mixed samples were made by adding appropriate amounts of DOPE and DSPE to a sample pan for a total lipid sample of a few mg. High purity cyclohexane (Sigma Aldrich) was added to dissolve and mix the lipids; the cyclohexane was evaporated off and the weight of the sample pan checked to insure all of the solvent had evaporated. An amount of de-ionized water matching or exceeding the lipid weight was added and the sample was sealed using a Tzero hermetic lid and Tzero press (TA Instruments). Samples were heated and cooled at 0.2 °C/s to ensure mixing and were then heated and cooled at least twice at rates of 0.1, 0.05, 0.02 and 0.01 °C/s. The phase transition temperature seen on heating was plotted versus the temperature seen on cooling and fit to a straight line; the equilibrium transition temperature was found by determining the intersection of this line and the line where the heating and cooling temperatures are equal.
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6

Thermal Analysis of HEX D and HEX H

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The melting points of HEX D and HEX H were examined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). TGA was performed using a Discovery TGA (TA Instruments, U.S.A.) system. Each active was weighed in an open aluminium pan (TA Instruments, U.S.A.) and then heated inside the Discovery TGA furnace. The starting temperature and the final temperature were set to 25°C and 400°C, respectively, while the heating ramp was 10°C/min. A nitrogen flow of 25 mL/min was supplied throughout the analysis in order to create an inert atmosphere around the sample. A DSC Q2000 (TA Instruments, U.S.A.) system was used for the DSC analysis. Each active was weighed in a hermetic aluminium pan (TA Instruments, U.S.A.) which was subsequently sealed with a hermetic aluminium lid (TA Instruments, U.S.A.) using a Tzero ™ press (TA Instruments, U.S.A.
). An empty hermetic aluminium pan (sealed with a hermetic aluminium lid) was used as a reference. Both the sample and reference were heated from 40°C to 290°C, with a heating ramp of10°C/min and a nitrogen flow of 50 mL/min.
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