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Molecular biology grade ethanol

Manufactured by Merck Group

Molecular-biology-grade ethanol is a high-purity ethanol solution specifically designed for use in molecular biology applications. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. This product meets the stringent quality standards required for sensitive molecular techniques, ensuring consistent performance and reliable results.

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8 protocols using molecular biology grade ethanol

1

DNA Precipitation and Purification Protocol

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The total volume of extracted DNA was precipitated with 1/10th volume of 3M sodium acetate (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, California) and a double volume of chilled molecular-biology-grade ethanol (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri) at -20°C overnight. The precipitated DNA was pelleted down at 15,000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C. The supernatant was discarded, and the pellet was tapped, dislodged, and washed twice with 700 μL of 70% ethanol, followed by centrifugation at 15,000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C. The clean DNA pellet was dried in a sterile environment at 37°C for 1 h or until dry. The DNA pellet was dissolved in 3.125 μL/12.5 μL of DNA suspension buffer (Teknova, Hollister, California) as needed. The re-suspended DNA was stored at -20°C until further use.
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2

Oligonucleotide Purification and Storage

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All oligonucleotides were synthesized by the Stanford Protein and Nucleic Acids facility (PAN) using standard phosphoramidite chemistry. Oligonucleotides were purified by denaturing 7M urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) in 1× TBE, followed by overnight elution from an excised band at 4°C in 300 mM Sodium Acetate pH 5.2 and 1 mM EDTA. DNA was precipitated and recovered by adding 100% molecular biology grade ethanol (Sigma Aldrich) to 70% final v/v and centrifuged for 30 min at 14,000 × g and 4°C. Alternately, RNA-containing oligonucleotides were recovered by precipitation in 75% ethanol v/v and centrifuged at 14,000 × g for 30 min at 4°C. The ethanol mixture was aspirated and oligonucleotides were then washed with an equal volume of 70 or 75% ethanol and pelleted again for 10 min at 14,000 × g and 4°C. Ethanol was aspirated and the pellets were allowed to dry under vacuum to remove residual ethanol. Oligonucleotides were then resuspended in nuclease free water, quantified by Nanodrop (Thermo Scientific), and stored at −80°C.
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3

Ethanol Exposure in Differentiated Podocytes

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Differentiated podocytes were treated with 1, 2, 5, 10, and 20
μL/mL (v/v) ethanol (approximately 0.02–0.4 mmol/mL,
20–400 mM) in the culture medium and incubated for 1–24 hr at
37°C. Time-matched control cells were treated with equivalent volumes of
the medium. Molecular biology grade ethanol (Sigma-Aldrich) was used. ADH
inhibitor fomepizole (4-methylpyrazole, Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO),
20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE, Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI) or
20-carboxy-arachidonic acid (20-COOH-AA, Cayman Chemical) were used in some
experiments.
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4

Bacterial DNA Extraction from Various Samples

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DNA extraction was performed from 1 mL of the different sample types using a QIAamp DNA mini kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) as per the vendor’s instructions with slight modifications. All samples were pelleted down at 15,000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C, and the supernatant was discarded. The pellets underwent bacterial DNA isolation via resuspension in 180 μL of Buffer ATL and 20 μL of proteinase K. The lysate was incubated for 1 h at 56°C in a thermomixer (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) with shaking. Subsequently, 200 μL of Buffer AL and 10 μg of poly(A) carrier DNA (Roche, Basel, Switzerland) were added to the lysate, which was incubated for an additional 10 min at 70°C. Next, 230 μL of molecular-biology-grade ethanol (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri) was added to the lysate, which was then passed through a QIAamp mini spin column at 6000 g for 1 min at RT. The filtrate was discarded, and the spin column was washed with wash buffers AW1 and AW2, as per the vendor’s instructions. Finally, DNA was eluted twice with 150 μL of Buffer AE (pre-heated to 65°C), resulting in a total volume of ~300 μL. Bacterial DNA extraction from WB was conducted using a QIAamp DNA blood mini kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) following the vendor’s recommended protocols.
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5

Ethanol Precipitation of DNA

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The total volume of extracted DNA was precipitated with 1/10 th volume of 3M sodium acetate (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, California) and double volume of chilled molecular biology grade ethanol (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri) at -20°C overnight. The precipitated DNA was pelleted down at 15,000rpm for 10 minutes at 4°C. The supernatant was discarded and the pellet washed twice with 700 µl of 70% ethanol by tapping and dislodging the pellet followed by centrifugation at 15,000rpm for 10 minutes at 4°C. The clean DNA pellet was dried in a sterile environment at 37°C for 1 hour or until dry. The DNA pellet was dissolved in 3.125µl/12.5µl of DNA suspension buffer (Teknova, Hollister, California) according to need. The re-suspended DNA was stored at -20°C until further use.
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6

Bacterial DNA Extraction from Diverse Samples

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DNA extraction was done from 1 ml of the different sample types using QIAamp DNA mini kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), as per the vendor's instructions with slight modifications. All the samples were pelleted down at 15,000rpm for 10 minutes at 4°C and the supernatant was discarded. The pellets underwent bacterial DNA isolation by re-suspending in 180µl of Buffer ATL and 20µl of Proteinase K. The lysate underwent 1 hour of incubation at 56°C in a thermomixer (Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany) with shaking. Following this, 200µl of Buffer AL was added along with 10µg of poly (A) carrier DNA (Roche, Basel, Switzerland) to the lysate and incubated for an additional 10 minutes at 70°C. Then 230µl of molecular-biology grade ethanol (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri) was added to the lysate before passing through a QIAamp mini spin column at 6000g for 1 minute at RT. The filtrate was discarded and the spin column was washed with wash buffers AW1 and AW2, as per the vendor's instructions. Finally DNA was eluted with 150µl of Buffer AE (pre-heated to 65°C) twice resulting in a total volume of ~300µl. Bacterial DNA extraction from whole blood was done with QIAamp DNA blood mini kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) following vendor recommended protocols.
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7

Murine Breast Cancer Cell Culture

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All reagents were obtained from commercial vendors and were used as received unless otherwise stated. TRC105 (mAb) was provided by TRACON Pharmaceuticals Inc. 4T1 murine breast cancer cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Aqueous solutions were constituted in >18 MΩ/cm water. Unless noted, the term HCl refers to 32–35% aqueous hydrochloric acid. Ethanol–HCl mixtures were made in v:v proportion using ethanol (molecular biology grade, Sigma-Aldrich) and 32–35% aqueous HCl (untitrated, Optima grade, VWR).
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8

FFPE Tumor Macro-dissection and STRAT4 Assay

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FFPE samples were processed according to the package insert instructions of the STRAT4 assay kit. For each specimen, one unstained slide was overlaid onto the H&E slide which had been marked by a pathologist to select the invasive carcinoma, and then was used to choose the material to be macro-dissected into a 1.5 mL eppendorf tube using a razor blade. Macro-dissected tumor material was then mixed with 1.2 mL of FFPE lysis reagent and 20 µL of proteinase K. The tubes containing the sample lysate were placed in heat blocks for incubation at 80 °C for 30 min. Sample lysate was then mixed with 1.2 mL of ethanol (molecular biology grade, Sigma-Aldrich). For each sample, 520 µL of the lysate was transferred to the sample chamber of a STRAT4 cartridge and placed into a GeneXpert module for RNA extraction, purification, and RT-qPCR analysis.
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