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9 protocols using na931

1

Western Blot Analysis of IRF2 and Vinculin

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Cells were lysed in RIPA buffer and protein concentration was determined using the DC protein assay (Bio-RAD, Hercules, CA, USA). Denatured protein was loaded on a Bolt 4-12% Bis-Tris Plus gel (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and transferred to a PVDF membrane (Invitrogen). After blocking, the membrane was incubated with the primary antibody at 4°C overnight, followed by incubation with the secondary antibody for 1 h. For visualization, anti-rabbit (#7074S, Cell Signaling Technologies) or anti-mouse (#NA931, Sigma Aldrich) conjugated horseradish peroxidase secondary antibody was used. Protein level quantification was performed using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health). The primary antibodies used were: anti-IRF2 (#700226, Thermo Fisher; dilution 1:100) and anti-VINCULIN (#V9131, Sigma Aldrich; dilution 1:10000)
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2

Liposome Flotation Assays for TRAPPII and Sec2

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The anti-TAP tag rabbit polyclonal antibody used to detect Trs130-TAP and Trs85-TAP in liposome flotation assays was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific and used at a 1:1,000 dilution. The anti-mNeonGreen mouse monoclonal antibody used to assess expression of tagged Rab constructs was purchased from Chromotek and used at a 1:1,000 dilution. The anti–glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) rabbit polyclonal antibody was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (SAB2100871) and was used at a 1:30,000 dilution. Rabbit and Mouse IgG HRP linked secondaries were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (NA934 and NA931) and used at a 1:4,000 dilution.
To displace TRAPPII or Sec2 from Golgi compartments or secretory vesicles during GRab-IT assays in Figures S1 and S2, 20 μM of the Sec7 inhibitor 6-methyl-5-nitro-2-(trifluoro-methyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (MNTC; MolPort) was added to growth media 10 min prior to imaging.
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3

Characterization of uL11 Ribosomal Protein Interactions

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S2 cells transiently transfected with either pA-uL11-Myc, pA-uL11K3A-Myc or pA-uL11K3Y-Myc and pA-FLAG-CortoCD [17 (link)] were harvested after 48 h and washed in Schneider medium at room temperature. Co-immunoprecipitations were performed as described in [31 (link)] without fixation. 30 μl of Protein G coated Bio-Adembeads (Ademtech) were incubated with either 1 μg of mouse monoclonal anti-FLAG antibody (F3165, Sigma), or goat anti-HA antibody as mock (sc-805, Santa Cruz Biotechnology).
Western blot were performed according to standard protocols using mouse anti-Myc (Abcam ab9132; 1/10000) or anti-FLAG (Sigma F3165; 1/5000) as primary antibodies and anti-mouse (Sigma NA931; 1/20000) as secondary antibodies and were revealed using the Supersignal™ West Pico PLUS Chemiluminescent Substrate (Thermo Scientific).
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4

Western Blot for HIF-1α and NKA

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For HIF-1α expression experiments, 20–30 μg of nuclear extracts were separated on 10% SDS-PAGE and transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes. Rabbit HIF-1α antibody (rabbit, #14179, Cell Signaling Technology, 1:1000 dilution) was used for Western blotting. For α1- and β1-NKA expression studies, mouse α1-NKA (ab7671, Abcam, Cambridge, UK, 1:2000 dilution) or rabbit β1-NKA antibody (Proteintech, UK, 15192-1-AP, 1:2000 dilution) were used. Beta-actin was used to normalize band densities as housekeeping (mouse, #A2228, Sigma, 1:10,000 dilution). Anti-mouse (GE Healthcare/Amersham, UK, #NA931, 1:2000–1:10,000 dilution) or anti-rabbit (#401315, Sigma, 1:2000) secondary antibodies conjugated with horseradish peroxidase and enhanced chemiluminescence (Amersham) were used for detection. Band densities were measured using the Image J 1.42q software (NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA).
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5

Yeast Strain Generation and Characterization

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Yeast strains were grown under standard conditions, and gene deletion and tagging were performed as described previously (84 (link)). The list of yeast strains and plasmids used for various studies is provided in Table S1 and S2, respectively. Plasmid transformations were performed as described previously (85 (link)). Primers used for deletion and tagging genes are listed in Table S3. Genomic integration of the tagged and the deleted genes was confirmed by PCR. Antibodies used were as follows: anti-HA antibody, ChIP grade (ab9110, Abcam), anti-histone H4 antibody, ChIP grade (ab7311, Abcam), anti-histone H4Ac pan-acetyl antibody, ChIP grade (39243, Active Motif), H2A (1:5000; 39325, Active Motif), H2ASer129Ph (39271, Active Motif), anti-Rad53 (ab104232, Abcam), G6PDH (1:100,000; A9521, Sigma-Aldrich), and rabbit (Amersham NA934; donkey anti-rabbit) and mouse (Amersham NA931; sheep anti-mouse) secondary antibodies were used at 1:10,000.
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6

Generating Polyclonal Anti-uL11K3me3 Antibodies

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Polyclonal anti-uL11K3me3 antibodies were generated in rabbit using a peptide corresponding to the first 16 amino acids of uL11 with methylated lysine 3 [PPK(me3)FDPTEVKLVYLRC] (Eurogentec). The serum was first loaded on a uL11K3me3 peptide affinity column which allowed to retain anti-uL11K3me3 and anti-uL11 antibodies. After elution, they were separated by passage through an unmethylated uL11 peptide affinity column. Specificity of the antibodies was checked by dot blot (S1 Fig).
Proteins were extracted from third instar larvae in RIPA buffer (150 mM sodium chloride, 1% NP40, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS, 50 mM Tris-HCl pH 8,0) supplemented with phosphatase and protease inhibitors (Roche). 30 μg of proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis on 15% acrylamide gels. Western blots were performed according to standard protocols using either goat anti-uL11 (SantaCruz sc82359, 1/1000), rabbit anti-uL11K3me3 (1/6000), or mouse anti-α-tubulin (DSHB E7c, 1/2500) as primary antibodies. Anti-goat (Jackson ImmunoResearch; 705035147; 1/10000), anti-rabbit (1/20000) or anti-mouse (Sigma NA931; 1/20000) were used as secondary antibodies.
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7

Generation of Anti-uL11K3me3 Antibodies

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Polyclonal anti-uL11K3me3 antibodies were generated in rabbit using a peptide corresponding to the first 16 amino acids of uL11 with methylated lysine 3 [PPK(me3)FDPTEVKLVYLRC] (Eurogentec). The serum was first loaded on a uL11K3me3 peptide affinity column which allowed to retain anti-uL11K3me3 and anti-uL11 antibodies.
After elution, they were separated by passage through an unmethylated uL11 peptide affinity column. Specificity of the antibodies was checked by dot blot (Supplementary Figure 1). Proteins were extracted from third instar larvae in RIPA buffer (150 mM sodium chloride, 1 % NP40, 0.5 % sodium deoxycholate, 0.1 % SDS, 50 mM Tris-HCl pH 8,0) supplemented with phosphatase and protease inhibitors (Roche). 30 μg of proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis on 15 % acrylamide gels. Western blots were performed according to standard protocols using either goat anti-uL11 (SantaCruz sc82359, 1/1000), rabbit anti-uL11K3me3 (1/6000), or mouse anti-α-tubulin (DSHB E7c, 1/2500) as primary antibodies. Anti-goat (Jackson ImmunoResearch; 705035147; 1/10000), anti-rabbit (1/20000) or anti-mouse (Sigma NA931; 1/20000) were used as secondary antibodies.
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8

Co-Immunoprecipitation of uL11 and CortoCD

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S2 cells transiently transfected with either pA-uL11 K3A -Myc or pA-uL11 K3Y -Myc and pA-FLAG-CortoCD (17) were harvested after 48 h and washed in Schneider medium at room temperature. Co-immunoprecipitations were performed as described in (30) without fixation. 30 μl of Protein G coated Bio-Adembeads (Ademtech) were incubated with either 1 μg of mouse monoclonal anti-FLAG antibody (F3165, Sigma), or goat anti-HA antibody as mock (sc-805, Santa Cruz Biotechnology).
Western blot analyses were performed according to standard protocols with mouse anti-Myc (Abcam ab9132; 1/10000) or anti-FLAG (Sigma F3165; 1/5000) as primary antibodies and anti-mouse (Sigma NA931; 1/20000) as secondary antibodies.
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9

Puromycin Assay for Protein Synthesis

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Puromycin assays were adapted from (28) with the following modifications: 20 third instar larvae were turned inside-out and incubated for 1 h at 25 °C under gentle rotation in Schneider's medium supplemented or not with 10 mg/mL cycloheximide (Sigma). Puromycin (antpr1, InvivoGen) was then added at a final concentration of 0.28 mg/mL and incubation was continued for 2 h. Total proteins were extracted in a buffer containing 30 mM Hepes pH 7.4, 0.1 % NP40, 150 mM NaCl, 2 mM Mg(OAc)2 supplemented with phosphatase and protease inhibitors (Roche) (adapted from (29) (link)). 60 μg of protein extracts were deposited on a 12 % acrylamide gel. Western blot analyses were performed according to standard protocols with mouse anti-Puromycin (Kerafast, 3RH11; 1/500) or mouse anti-H3 (Diagenode; C15200011; 1/1000) as primary antibodies, and anti-mouse (Sigma; NA931; 1/20000) as secondary antibodies.
Puromycin and H3 signals were measured using ImageJ. The Puromycin signal (signal in the samples treated with CHX and Puromycin minus signal in the untreated sample) was normalized towards the H3 signal. Statistical significance was assessed by Student's t-tests.
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