Tetrachloroauric acid trihydrate (HAuCl4.3H2O, 99.5%) and silver nitrate (AgNO3, 99.9%) were purchased from Merck, Germany. Prunus domestica fresh gum was purchased from the local market in April 2013 and was formally identified (RA-85) prior to its use by Prof. Dr. Samen Jan of Department of Botany, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan. Water was purified through a Milli-Q-SP ultra pure water purification system.
Tetrachloroauric acid trihydrate
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
Tetrachloroauric acid trihydrate is a chemical compound used in various laboratory applications. It is a yellow, crystalline solid that serves as a source of gold for various chemical synthesis and plating processes. The compound is stable under normal conditions and is frequently employed in the production of gold nanoparticles and other gold-based materials.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Sodium borohydride, by Merck Group (13 mentions)
Silver nitrate, by Merck Group (10 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (5 mentions)
L ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Chloroform, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Sodium citrate dihydrate, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
N n dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions)
Folin ciocalteu reagent, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
4 nitrophenol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
N 3 dimethylaminopropyl n ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
N hydroxysuccinimide, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Trisodium citrate, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Tween 20, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
33 protocols using tetrachloroauric acid trihydrate
1
Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles using Prunus Domestica Gum
2
Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis Protocol
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Tetrachloroauric acid trihydrate (Merck Millipore, for analysis), D(+)-Maltose monohydrate (Sigma-Aldrich, p.a.), sodium hydroxide (Lach-Ner, p.a.), Tween 80 (Sigma-Aldrich, p.a.), 4-nitrophenol (Sigma-Aldrich, p.a.), sodium borohydride (Sigma-Aldrich, p.a.) were used as received without additional purification. Deionized water (18 MΩ·cm, Millipore) was used to prepare all solutions.
3
Antioxidant Capacity Determination
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Tetrachloroauric acid trihydrate, sodium hydroxide, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2-thiobarbituric acid and Trolox gallic acid were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Cytochrome c and o-phtalaldehyde were obtained from Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA.
4
Inflammatory Cytokine Measurement in Eye
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Tetrachloroauric acid trihydrate, 2-thiobarbituric acid, Bradford reagent, sodium hydroxide, and Folin–Ciocalteu reagent were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). O-phthalaldehyde, osmium tetroxide and glutaraldehyde were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Taufkirchen, Germany). IL1β, TNFα, and IL6 were measured in eye homogenates by ELISA assays using the Elabscience ELISA kits (Houston, TX, USA), according to the producer instructions. Results were expressed as pg/mg protein.
5
Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles
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All reagents were available
commercially and were used as received. Tetrachloroauric acid (trihydrate,
HAuCl4·3H2O, >99.9%), silver nitrate
(AgNO3, 99.9999%), sodium citrate dihydrate, HOC(COONa)(CH2COONa)2·2H2O (>99.9%), sodium
borohydride
(powder, NaBH4, 98%), and rhodamine 6G (R6G, 99%) were
purchased from Merck. Nitrogen gas (purity 99.999%) was purchased
from Air Products (Poland). Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was purchased
from Avantor Performance Materials (Poland). Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 30%) and ammonia solution (NH4OH,
25%) were purchased from Chempur (Poland). Potassium bromide (KBr,
spectroscopic grade) was purchased from Pike Technologies. All solutions
were prepared using distilled water (Milli-Q, 18.2 MΩ•cm).
Solutions for nanoparticle synthesis were deoxygenated by bubbling
with nitrogen gas.
commercially and were used as received. Tetrachloroauric acid (trihydrate,
HAuCl4·3H2O, >99.9%), silver nitrate
(AgNO3, 99.9999%), sodium citrate dihydrate, HOC(COONa)(CH2COONa)2·2H2O (>99.9%), sodium
borohydride
(powder, NaBH4, 98%), and rhodamine 6G (R6G, 99%) were
purchased from Merck. Nitrogen gas (purity 99.999%) was purchased
from Air Products (Poland). Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was purchased
from Avantor Performance Materials (Poland). Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 30%) and ammonia solution (NH4OH,
25%) were purchased from Chempur (Poland). Potassium bromide (KBr,
spectroscopic grade) was purchased from Pike Technologies. All solutions
were prepared using distilled water (Milli-Q, 18.2 MΩ•cm).
Solutions for nanoparticle synthesis were deoxygenated by bubbling
with nitrogen gas.
6
Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and Nanorods
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Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate (ACS reagent, ≥99.0%), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, 99%), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 99%), L-ascorbic acid (AA, >99%), silver nitrate (AgNO3, >99%), cysteamine hydrochloride (>99%), (11-Mercaptoundecyl)trimethylammonium bromide (TMA, >99%), hydrochloric acid (37%) and tetrachloroauric acid trihydrate (99.9%) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Thiolfunctionalized methoxy-polyethylene glycol (mPEG-SH; MW=5000 Da) was supplied by RappPolymere GmbH. All chemicals were used as received. For all experiments, ultrapure water with a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ•cm was used. Spherical gold nanoparticles with a diameter of 19 nm were prepared using the traditional Turkevich method. 22 These particles were also used for the preparation of larger, 40 nm diameter particles by using modified seeded three-step growth method. 23 The nanorod samples (54x15 nm; 60x16 nm; 80x21 nm) were prepared according to previously published seedmediated protocol.
24
24
7
Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles
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Tetrachloroauric acid trihydrate (99.99%), sodium citrate dihydrate (≥ 99%), Triton X-100 (laboratory grade), sodium borohydride (≥ 98%), silver nitrate (> 99%), poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether thiol (mw 2000), poly(allylamine) hydrochloride (PAH, mw 50000), sodium poly(4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS, mw 70000), nitric acid (≥ 65%), nitric acid (1M), hydrochloric acid (≥ 37%), sulfuric acid (95.0–97.0%), hydrogen peroxyde (30% w/w), ethanol (≥ 99.8%), 2-propanol (99.5%), and ethyl cellulose (10 cP; 22 cP; 46 cP; 100 cP) were bought from Sigma Aldrich (Milano, Italy); α-mercapto,ω-carboxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mw 3000), poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether thiol (mw 5000), poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether thiol (mw 10000), and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether thiol (mw 20000) were bought RAPP Polymere (Tübingen, Germany); Ethylene glycol (99.5%) and ammonia solution in water (30% w/w) were bought from Carlo Erba Reagenti S.p.A. (Milano, Italy) Glass coverslides (22 × 26 mm, 0.14 mm thickness) were bought from Delchimica Scientific Gòassware (Napoli, Italy).
8
Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles
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Tetrachloroauric acid trihydrate
(HAuCl4·3H2O, 99%), cetyltrimethylammonium
bromide (CTAB, 98%), hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC, 25%
in water), sodium chloride (NaCl, 99%), sodium nitrate (NaNO3, 99%), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3 99.5%), silver
nitrate (AgNO3, 99%), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 98%), hydrogen chloride (HCl, 37%), sodium citrate dihydrate, sodium
hydroxide, sodium salicylate (NaSal), tannic acid, glutamine (Gln),
urea, D-glucose (Glu), and glycolic acid (GA) were all purchased from
Sigma-Aldrich. Sodium acetate (NaOAc) was purchased from Honeywell
Research Chemicals. L-Ascorbic acid was purchased from Alfa Aesar.
D(-)-Quinic acid (QA) and CaCl2 were ordered from Fisher
Scientific. All chemicals were used as received without any further
purification. Ultrapure water (resistivity 18.20 MΩ cm at 25
°C) was used in all experiments.
(HAuCl4·3H2O, 99%), cetyltrimethylammonium
bromide (CTAB, 98%), hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC, 25%
in water), sodium chloride (NaCl, 99%), sodium nitrate (NaNO3, 99%), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3 99.5%), silver
nitrate (AgNO3, 99%), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 98%), hydrogen chloride (HCl, 37%), sodium citrate dihydrate, sodium
hydroxide, sodium salicylate (NaSal), tannic acid, glutamine (Gln),
urea, D-glucose (Glu), and glycolic acid (GA) were all purchased from
Sigma-Aldrich. Sodium acetate (NaOAc) was purchased from Honeywell
Research Chemicals. L-Ascorbic acid was purchased from Alfa Aesar.
D(-)-Quinic acid (QA) and CaCl2 were ordered from Fisher
Scientific. All chemicals were used as received without any further
purification. Ultrapure water (resistivity 18.20 MΩ cm at 25
°C) was used in all experiments.
9
Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles
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Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O, Cicarelli), sodium hydroxide (NaOH, Cicarelli), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, Anedra), sodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7, Anedra), and tetrachloroauric acid trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O, Sigma‒Aldrich), high purity grade reagents, were used as received without further purification. Ultrapure water with a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ cm was used for the preparation of all aqueous solutions.
10
Synthesis and Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles
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PC-3 (human prostate cancer cell line) was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Rockville, MD, USA). Epirubicin was purchased from Dalian Meilun Biotechnology (Dalian, China). Tetrachloroauric acid trihydrate (HAuCl4⋅3H2O), L-ascorbic acid (C6H8O6), sodium borohydride 99% (NaBH4), silver nitrate (AgNO3) >99%, CTAB ≥98%, sodium salt of PAA with average Mw ~2,100 Da, O-[2-(3-mercaptopropionylamino) ethyl]-O′-methylpolyethylene glycol 5000 (SH-PEG5000-OCH3), N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC⋅HCl), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) purified by redistillation, dry dichloromethane (DCM), dry pentane, and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. All chemicals were used as received without any further purification.
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