Vacuum oven

Manufactured by Gallenkamp

Sourced in United Kingdom

The Vacuum oven is a laboratory equipment used to heat and dry samples under reduced pressure conditions. It provides a controlled environment for various drying, dehydrating, and degassing applications in a wide range of industries.

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Lab products found in correlation

Milli q direct 8, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Ingenuity pathway analysis (ipa), by Carl Roth (1 mentions)

5 protocols using vacuum oven

Thermal-Vacuum Sealing of PMMA Microfluidic Chips

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A simple bonding
method employing an external weight in combination with thermal and
vacuum conditions was used to effectively seal the two-layer fluidic
chip. Prior to bonding, the two layers were cleaned using an ultrasonic
bath to remove debris and residues left over from the micromilling
and swarf build-up within the channels or through holes of the chip.
Thermal/vacuum bonding of the two-layer PMMA chips was performed under
optimized conditions (see Table S1, Supporting
Information) using a vacuum oven (Gallenkamp vacuum oven) set at the
glass transition temperature of this particular PMMA (∼165
°C)²⁷ and a vacuum of 200 mbar. A
220 g brass weight (A) was placed on top of two glass compression
plates (B) with the two aligned layers of the PMMA fluidic chip (C)
positioned between these plates (see Figure S1, Supporting Information). The optical windows clamped in place and
the adhesion of the two layers and optical windows occurs under these
conditions for a period of 20 min.

Donohoe A., Lacour G., Harrison D.J., Diamond D, & McCaul M. (2019). Fabrication of Rugged and Reliable Fluidic Chips for Autonomous Environmental Analyzers Using Combined Thermal and Pressure Bonding of Polymethyl Methacrylate Layers. ACS Omega, 4(25), 21131-21140.

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Preparation of Phospholipid-Graphite Dispersions

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In a typical experiment, phospholipids were dispersed in 10 mL of ultra-pure water (18 MΩ cm, Milli-Q Direct 8, Millipore, USA) at a concentration of 0.2 mg mL⁻¹ in a 20 mL glass vial. Graphite powder was sieved before use through a 500 μm pore-size mesh in order to remove large particles, and subsequently added to the phospholipid/water solution at a concentration of 5 mg mL⁻¹. The mixture was then sonicated in an ultrasound bath for 12 hours (Elmasonic P, Elma, Germany. Frequency = 37 kHz, power equivalent = 40%, true power ≈ 34 W) at a constant bath temperature of 20 °C, after which the resulting dispersion was left standing for 24 hours to allow for the sedimentation of large aggregates. The supernatant was subsequently removed and centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 30 min, with the process being repeated once more to produce a light grey/green-coloured dispersion. The amount of dispersed material was calculated by carefully separating the supernatants from the sediment after centrifugation. The volume of dispersion was measured and the undispersed mass was dried in a vacuum oven (Gallenkamp, UK) at 120 °C.

Williams A.T., Donno R., Tirelli N, & Dryfe R.A. (2018). Phospholipid-mediated exfoliation as a facile preparation method for graphene suspensions. RSC Advances, 8(34), 19220-19225.

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Monitoring Oxygen Levels at 42-43°C

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The temperatures indicated were taken using a mercury thermometer placed inside the round-bottom flasks. In the case of the O₂ monitoring experiments (Figure 9), the flasks were stored inside a Gallenkamp vacuum oven where the temperature was set to 40 °C and a mercury thermometer was placed inside to measure the correct temperature, which resulted in the range 42–43 °C.

Zecchini M., Lucas R, & Le Gresley A. (2019). New Insights into the Cystine-Sulfite Reaction. Molecules, 24(13), 2377.

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Fabrication of Composite m-PBI Membrane

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A meta-polybenzimidazole film (m-PBI, 6.5 × 6.5 cm, thickness 6 μm), prepared as described in Section 4.1, was placed on a polytetrafluoroethylene sheet (PTFE, 15.5 × 15.5 cm, 200 μm thickness, Itin Technik GmbH, Twann, Switzerland) and covered by a microporous polypropylene separator (PP, TreoPore^® PDA-30, 7.0 × 7.0 cm, thickness 30 μm, porosity > 60%, Treofan, Raunheim, Germany). Then, using Kimwipe^® disposable wipers (Kimberly-Clark Professional, Koblenz, Germany), the PP separator was wetted by a gluing solution comprising dimethylacetamide (DMAc, 99%, Alfa Aesar, Kandel, Germany) in isopropanol (IPA, 99.5%, Carl Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany) with a volume ratio of 1:2. Simultaneously, air between the layers was removed until the underlying m-PBI layer was seen clearly. Subsequently, the excess of solvent was removed and the stack was completed by placing two regular tissues (10.5 × 10.5 cm) and a PTFE sheet (15.5 × 15.5 cm, 200 μm thickness, Itin Technik GmbH, Twann, Switzerland) on top of the PP film. The stack was hot-pressed at 80 °C with a force of 2.5 tons for 15 min. Lastly, the hot-pressed composite membrane was placed in a vacuum oven (Gallenkamp, Loughborough, UK) at 100 °C for 45 min and then in IPA for 1 h. The resulting composite membrane was then ready for further tests or characterization measures without any additional pretreatment.

Duburg J.C., Azizi K., Primdahl S., Hjuler H.A., Zanzola E., Schmidt T.J, & Gubler L. (2021). Composite Polybenzimidazole Membrane with High Capacity Retention for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. Molecules, 26(6), 1679.

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Gravimetric Analysis of Water Uptake

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Water uptake test was performed gravimetrically. Samples were placed in pre-weighed aluminum cups and dried at 45 • C in a vacuum oven (Gallenkamp, UK) up to constant weight (m0). Specimens were then kept at 25 ± 2 • C in a humidity chamber at 65 ± 2% RH following the procedure described in ASTM E104-95. Samples were removed at specific time intervals and weighed with a precision of ±0.0001 g until reaching constant weight (mf). The water uptake at equilibrium (WU eq ) was calculated as the weight gain according to:
This experiment was carried out on four specimens of each sample to ensure results reproducibility.

Martucci J.F., Gende L.B., Neira L.M, & Ruseckaite R.A. (2015). Oregano and lavender essential oils as antioxidant and antimicrobial additives of biogenic gelatin films. Industrial Crops & Products., 71.

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