Methyl jasmonate, 2,2'‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid) (ABTS), HCl 37%, 2,4,6‐Tris (2‐pyridyl)‐s‐triazine (TPTZ), DPPH radical (diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl), (+)‐catechin, (−)‐epicatechin, quercetin 3‐O‐glucoside, and transresveratrol were obtained from Sigma‐Aldrich (US). L‐phenylalanine, 2‐methoxyphenol (Guaiacol), pyrocatechol, iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3 (6H2O)), potassium persulfate (K₂S₂O₈), iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4 (7H2O)), sodium nitrite, Tween‐80, hydrogen peroxide 30%, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, and polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVP) were purchased from Merck. Acetonitrile and rutin trihydrate were purchased from CHEMSOLUTE and Fluka, respectively. Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and methanol (all of HPLC grade) were obtained from VWR CHEMICALS. Milli‐Q water was acquired by SG water apparatus.
Trifluoroacetic acid tfa
Manufactured by Avantor
Sourced in United States, Germany
Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a common laboratory reagent used in various chemical reactions and analyses. It is a colorless, volatile liquid with a pungent odor. TFA is a strong organic acid with a low pH, typically used as a solvent, catalyst, or derivatizing agent in organic synthesis, peptide chemistry, and chromatographic techniques.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Methanol, by Avantor (4 mentions)
Diethyl ether, by Avantor (3 mentions)
Ninhydrin, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Mueller hinton, by American Type Culture Collection (3 mentions)
Agar spc, by American Type Culture Collection (3 mentions)
Pyridine, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Rink amide resin, by AAPPTec (3 mentions)
Tween 80, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Acetonitrile acn, by Avantor (2 mentions)
Penicillin streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Formic acid, by Avantor (2 mentions)
Absolute ethanol, by Avantor (2 mentions)
Fmoc amino acids, by AAPPTec (2 mentions)
4 methylpiperidine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
N n dicyclohexylcarbodiimide dcc, by AAPPTec (2 mentions)
Mueller hinton broth (mhb), by American Type Culture Collection (2 mentions)
E coli atcc 11775, by American Type Culture Collection (2 mentions)
N n diisopropylethylamine dipea triisopropylsilane tips 1 2 ethanedithiol edt, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
6 chloro 1 hydroxy benzotriazole 6 cl hobt, by AAPPTec (2 mentions)
N n dimethylformamide (dmf), by Avantor (2 mentions)
14 protocols using trifluoroacetic acid tfa
1
Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Natural Compounds
2
Acetanilide and Phenolic Acid Analysis
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High-purity (≥99.95%) acetanilide was from Sigma-Aldrich. Deuterium oxide D2O (NMR solvent, purity 99.9%) was from Magni-Solv (EMD Millipore). Lactose monohydrate (≥99.5%) was from Sigma-Aldrich. Sodium hydroxide solution (50% w/w solution) and anhydrous sodium acetate (NaOAc) for preparing HPAEC eluent were from Fisher Chemical and OmniPur (EMD Millipore), respectively. Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and selected phenolic acid standard compounds (trans-caffeic, ortho-coumaric, trans-para-coumaric, trans-ferulic, isoferulic, and trans-sinapic) were obtained from VWR. Cis-ferulic acid and cis-para-coumaric acid were prepared by exposing a stock solution containing trans-ferulic acid and trans-para-coumaric acid (5 mM each, prepared in 50/50 MeOH/H2O, v/v) to UV radiation (366 nm) overnight. All water for analyses and HPAEC eluents was deionized and then further purified (resistivity ≥18.2 MΩ-cm) using a Barnstead Nanopure Diamond purification system.
3
Peptide Synthesis Using TentaGel and Rink Amide Resins
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TentaGel S RAM (0.22 mmol/g) were purchased from Rapp Polymere GmbH. Rink Amide MBHA resin (0.65 mmol/g) were purchased from Novabiochem1 Tryptamine, N-Boc-1,4-butanediamine, and benzylamine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. 1-Boc-Tryptamine (1H-Indol-3yl) methanamine, Boc-(1H-Indol-3yl) methanamine were purchased from Combi-Blocks. Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) were purchased from VWR. Piperidine and bromoacetic acid were purchased from Merck. N,N-diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC), triisopropylsilane (TIPS) and anisole were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Dimethylformamide (DMF), dichloromethane (DCM), acetonitrile were from Th.Geyer. All reagents and solvents were used without further purification. Disposable reactors (5 mL polypropylene) fitted with a PTFE filter were acquired from Fa. Gerhardt, Kassel Germany.
4
Peptide Synthesis and Labeling
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Amino acids for peptide synthesis were purchased from Novabiochem (San Diego, CA, USA). Peptide syntheses were conducted on a Rink Amide ChemMatrix (0.47 mmol/g) (Biotage, Charlotte NC, USA). 2-(6-Chloro-1H-benzotriazole-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethylaminium hexafluorophosphate (HCTU) was purchased from Advanced ChemTech (Louisville, KY, USA). FITC was purchased from Thermo Scientific (Rockford, IL, USA) as a single isomer and used in the dark to fluorescently label all peptides. Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA; Biograde) was purchased from VWR (Radnor, PA, USA); N-N-dimethylformamide (DMF), acetonitrile (MeCN), methanol, and dichloromethane (DCM) were all purchased from Macron (Center Valley, PA, USA). Piperidine, triethylsilane (TES; 98+%), and pyridine (ACS, 99%) were purchased form Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA, USA). N-methylmorpholine (NMM) (99%) was purchased from Acros Organics (Pittsburg, PA, USA). Diethyl ether (99%, ACS), Et2O, used to precipitate peptides, was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis reagents and RNA phosphoramidites were obtained from ChemGenes (Wilmington, MA, USA) or Glen Research (Sterling, VA, USA).
5
PLGA Microparticle Fabrication and Characterization
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PLGA with an inherent viscosity of 0.2 dL/g and dl -lactide:glycolide molar ratios of 50:50 (PDLG5002) and 72:25 (PDLG7502) were obtained from Corbion Purac Biomaterials (Gorinchem, The Netherlands). Polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) was a generous gift from TER Ingredients GmbH & CO. KG (Hamburg, Germany). Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, Mw 9–10 kDa, 80% hydrolyzed), BSA, and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dichloromethane (DCM) and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; 155 mM NaCl, 1.06 mM KH2PO4, 2.97 mM Na2HPO4·7H2O, pH 7.4) were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Leicestershire, UK). For the in vitro release medium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, and sodium azide were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Leicestershire, UK) and Tween 80 from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was obtained from VWR International Ltd. (Amsterdam, The Netherlands) and acetonitrile from Actu-All Chemicals B.V. (Oss, The Netherlands). Ultrapure water with a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ was obtained using a Millipore Milli-Q Integral 3 (A10) purification system and used for all experiments.
6
Synthesis of Functionalized Poly(ethylene glycol)
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Chemicals. All chemicals were used as obtained without additional purification unless otherwise stated. N,N'disuccinimidyl carbonate (DSC, ≥ 95%), poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether (Mn 5000 Da), 1,8diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-5-ene (DBU, 98%), triethylamine (TEA, ≥ 99%), di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (99%), extra-dry DMSO were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. 2-amino-1,3-propanediol (Serinol, 98%) and dichloromethane (DCM, 99.8%, extra dry over molecular sieve, stabilised, Acroseal) were purchased from AcrosOrganics. Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA, 99%) was purchased from VWR Chemicals. Ethylchloroformate was purchased from Merck KGaA. Cyanine5 amine (Cy-5) was purchased from Lumiprobe Life Science Solutions.
All reactions involving air-sensitive reagents were performed under nitrogen using oven-dried glassware and the syringe-septum cap technique. Anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) was used as the drying agent for the organic phase. Organic solvents were removed under reduced pressure at 30 °C. All deuterated solvents used for NMR studies were of spectrophotometric grade.
All reactions involving air-sensitive reagents were performed under nitrogen using oven-dried glassware and the syringe-septum cap technique. Anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) was used as the drying agent for the organic phase. Organic solvents were removed under reduced pressure at 30 °C. All deuterated solvents used for NMR studies were of spectrophotometric grade.
7
Synthesis and Evaluation of Fluorescent Compounds
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Amino acid derivatives and resins were obtained from Iris Biotech (Marktredwitz, Germany). Reagents, such as N,N′-diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC), triisopropylsilane (TIS), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), Isoniazid (INH), glyoxylic acid and 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (Cf) were purchased from Sigma (Budapest, Hungary). Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and acetonitrile (AcN) were from VWR (Budapest, Hungary). N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dichlormethane (DCM), diethyl ether, and ethanol were purchased from Reanal (Budapest, Hungary)
For the in vitro assays, RPMI-1640 medium, fetal calf serum (FCS), and trypan blue were obtained from Sigma (Budapest, Hungary), while DMEM medium and 2 mMl -glutamine were from Lonza (Basel, Switzerland). Trypsin, nonessential amino acids, and penicillin-streptomycin were from Gibco (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). HPMI buffer (9 mM glucose, 10 mM NaHCO3, 119 mM NaCl, 9 mM HEPES, 5 mM KCl, 0.85 mM MgCl2, 0.053 mM CaCl2, 5 mM Na2HPO4 × 2H2O, pH = 7.4) was prepared in-house using components obtained from Sigma (Budapest, Hungary). BBL Löwenstein-Jensen medium was from Becton Dickinson (Környe, Hungary).
For the in vitro assays, RPMI-1640 medium, fetal calf serum (FCS), and trypan blue were obtained from Sigma (Budapest, Hungary), while DMEM medium and 2 mM
8
Preparation and Characterization of McIlvain-EDTA Buffer
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Methanol (MeOH) and acetonitrile (ACN), both UPLC grade, were purchased at Biosolve (Valkenswaard, The Netherlands). Acetic acid, formic acid, trifluoroAcetic acid (TFA), ammonia (25%), ammonium formate, citric acid monohydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate dehydrate, sodium ethylenediamine tetra acetate (Na 2 EDTA), sodium chloride and hexane were purchased at VWR International (Darmstadt, Germany). Lead acetate, disodium tetraborate was purchased at Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, Mo, United States). Throughout all experiments, where water is mentioned it refers to Milli-Q water which was prepared having a resistance of at least 18.2 MΩ cm -1 .
McIlvain-EDTA buffer was prepared by dissolving 74.4 g of Na 2 EDTA in 500 mL of a 0.1 M citric acid solution and 280 mL of a 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution. Citric acid solution or phosphate buffer was added until the solution was adjusted to a pH of 4.0. The total volume was then adjusted to 2 L.
McIlvain-EDTA buffer was prepared by dissolving 74.4 g of Na 2 EDTA in 500 mL of a 0.1 M citric acid solution and 280 mL of a 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution. Citric acid solution or phosphate buffer was added until the solution was adjusted to a pH of 4.0. The total volume was then adjusted to 2 L.
9
Comprehensive Analytical Protocol for Complex Biological Samples
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Ultra pure water (H 2 O) was obtained by a Direct-8 Milli-Q system (Millipore, Milan, Italy), LC-MS grade acetonitrile (ACN) and additives formic acid (HCOOH), ammonium formate (HCOONH 4 ) phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) and Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were all purchased by VWR (Milan, Italy). Enzymes Pepsin, Chymotrypsin, Pancreatin, bile salts, small molecules and peptide standard mix were all purchased by Sigma Aldrich (Milan, Italy). Klamath and Spirulina nutraceutical formulations (powders) were obtained by Farmalabor (Assago, Milan, Italy).
10
Peptide Synthesis and Microbial Assays
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Mueller-Hinton, Agar SPC, Mueller Hinton Broth (MHB), E. coli ATCC 11775, S. maltophilia ATCC 13636, and S. enteritidis ATCC 13076 were obtained from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA). BLF, N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), triisopropylsilane (TIPS), 1,2-ethanedithiol (EDT), 4-methylpiperidine, pyridine, and ninhydrin were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Rink amide resin, Fmoc-amino acids, 6-chloro-1-hydroxy-benzotriazole (6-Cl-HOBt), and N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) were purchased from AAPPTec (Louisville, KY, USA). Methanol, diethyl ether, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), absolute ethanol, dichloromethane (DCM), acetonitrile (ACN), isopropylalcohol (IPA), and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were obtained from Honeywell-Burdick & Jackson (Muskegon, MI, USA). All reagents were used without further purification.
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