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Spss 25 statistical package

Manufactured by IBM
Sourced in United States

SPSS 25 is a statistical software package developed by IBM. It is designed to perform a wide range of statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and hypothesis testing. SPSS 25 provides a user-friendly interface and a comprehensive set of tools for data management, analysis, and visualization.

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Lab products found in correlation

23 protocols using spss 25 statistical package

1

Vitreous Volume and Quadrant Changes in Retinal Detachment

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Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS statistical package 25 (SPSS, IBM, Chicago, IL, United States). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test assessed the data’s normal distribution. Considering the inter-eye correlation between individuals, a linear mixed model was used to compared vitreous volumes and H among the NORM, HM, PM groups. Bonferroni post hoc analysis was used to compare differences between every two groups. The changes in vitreous volume and the volume in the four quadrants before and after PSR were further examined by Paired t-test. A p-values less than 0.05 was considered significantly.
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2

Comprehensive Statistical Analysis of Physiological Data

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SPSS Statistical Package 25 was used for statistical analysis (IBM). All values are expressed as mean ± SEM. Complete blood count, hemodynamic and ECG data were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05. Post-hoc power analysis was performed using G*Power 3 program.
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3

Evaluating Ocular Parameters and Correlations

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Data were summarized into Microsoft Excel sheets, and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS statistical package 25 (SPSS, IBM, Chicago, IL, United States). The differences in ocular parameters were determined using a paired t-test. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normal distribution of data. Student’s t-test was used to compare the corneal parameters between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between the SSI and age, while the partial correlation coefficient adjusted for age was used to analyze the correlation between the SSI, CCT, ACV, and AL. A p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
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4

Statistical Analysis in Clinical Research

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All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistical Package 25. Clinical, instrumental, and laboratory variables were expressed as median and interquartile range (IQR) for non‐normally distributed continuous variables; as average and standard deviation (SD) for normally distributed continuous variables or as percentage (%) for nominal variables. Comparisons between groups have been made by the χ2 test for the discrete variables; by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test on continuous variables or by the nonparametric Mann–Whitney test when necessary. The strength of the association between the outcomes was quantified calculating the odds ratio (OR) with logistic regression. p value for interaction refers to Breslow Day Test for categorical variables.
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5

Statistical Analysis of Diverse Datasets

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SPSS Statistical Package 25 (IBM, New York, USA) was used to analyse the dataset. Reviewing the skewness and kurtosis showed that some data were not normally distributed and therefore median and interquartile range (IQR) were calculated and non-parametric statistics used to compare the groups. Chi squared analysis was used for discrete variables such as gender and race, whilst Mann–Whitney U Test was used for continuous variables. Binary logistic regression analysis and Cox Regression were used to determine the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of variables. Results were considered statistically significant if p < 0.05.
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6

Analyzing Ocular Surface Staining Index

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Statistical analyses were accomplished using SPSS statistical package 25 (SPSS, IBM, Chicago, IL, USA). Paired t-test was performed to explore the inter-ocular difference of SSI. There was no significant difference of SSI between the bilateral eyes (P > 0.05), thus, only left eyes were included in the subsequent analysis to avoid the bias of the relationship between bilateral eyes. Kolmogorov-Smirnov was used for testing the normal distribution of the data. The Student’s t-test was used to compare SSI between males and females. The sample population was divided into seven age groups by ten-year intervals ranging from 5 to 14 years to 65–74 years old. The differences among the subgroups according to age were compared using one-way ANOVA and the LSD. Because there were strong correlations between predictor variables, partial least square linear regression (PLSLR) was performed first, followed by linear mixed effects (LME) to reveal the relationship between SSI and clinical parameters. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
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7

Statistical Analysis of ELISA Data

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SPSS Statistical Package 25 (IBM) was used for statistical analysis. Data are presented as mean (standard deviation). Prism 9 4‐parameter‐logistic curve fitting was applied to ELISA data (GraphPad). Between species differences were analyzed using a one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Longitudinal AGP data were assessed with General Linear Model Repeated Measures ANOVA. Statistical significance was defined as p < .05.
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8

Prognostic Factors in Colorectal Cancer

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All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS statistical package 25.0 (IBM Inc., Armonk, NY). Statistical significance was predefined as two-tailed p < 0.05. Chi square or Fisher’s exact test were used for categorical variables. Continuous variables were analyzed using t-tests or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Comparative analyses were conducted between HFS and LFS cohorts. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier (KM) method, and the log-rank test was used for comparison of survival between HFS and LFS cohorts. Univariate Cox regression was performed to determine associations between clinicopathologic variables and OS. Factors that were significantly associated with OS on univariate analysis or significantly different between surveillance cohorts on comparative analyses were included in a multivariable model.
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9

Survival Analysis of Postoperative Complications

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All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS statistical package 25.0 (IBM Inc., Armonk, NY, USA). Statistical significance was predefined as a two-tailed p value lower than 0.05. Chi square or Fisher’s exact test was used for categorical variables. Continuous variables were analyzed using t tests or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Comparative analyses stratified by histologic subtype were performed to compare the patients who experienced no complications with the patients who experienced any complication. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and the log-rank test was used for comparison of survival between patients with no complication and those with any complication. Univariate Cox regression was performed to determine the association of any POC or type of POC with OS and RFS. Factors significantly associated with OS or RFS in the univariate analysis were included in a multivariable model.
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10

Cytokine and VEGF Correlation

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We used Mann-Whitney U test to compare the differences between groups. Correlations between cytokines and VEGF levels were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation. P values lower than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistical package 25.0 (IBM, Armonk, New York, USA).
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