2 2 dinitro 5 5 dithiodibenzoic acid dtnb

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in Germany, Bulgaria

2,2′-Dinitro-5,5′-dithiodibenzoic acid (DTNB) is a chemical compound used as a reagent in various analytical and biochemical applications. It is a yellow crystalline solid that is commonly used for the detection and quantification of free sulfhydryl groups in proteins and other molecules. DTNB reacts with free sulfhydryl groups to produce a yellow-colored product, which can be measured spectrophotometrically.

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Lab products found in correlation

D glucose, by Merck Group (5 mentions) Sodium pentobarbital, by Sanofi (4 mentions) Lactate dehydrogenase ldh kit, by Randox (4 mentions) Sodium chloride (nacl), by Merck Group (4 mentions) Potassium chloride (kcl), by Merck Group (4 mentions) Nahco3, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (egta), by Merck Group (4 mentions) Collagenase from clostridium histolyticum type 4, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Cacl2 2h2o, by Merck Group (3 mentions) 2 thiobarbituric acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Cumene hydroperoxide, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Percoll, by Merck Group (2 mentions) T buooh, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Bovine serum fraction 5, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Hepes, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Potassium phosphate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) 7 nitroindazole, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Bovine hemoglobin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) L valine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) 3 4 5 dimethylthiazol 2 yl 2 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide mtt, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

Close spelling variants of this product

2,20-dinitro-5,50-dithiodibenzoic acid (DTNB),

6 protocols using 2 2 dinitro 5 5 dithiodibenzoic acid dtnb

Assessing Cocaine-Induced Oxidative Stress

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All the reagents used were of analytical grade. Cocaine, 7-nitroindazole, and other chemicals, sucrose, Tris, DL-dithiothreitol, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, potassium phosphate, calcium chloratum (CaCl₂), magnesium chloratum (MgCl₂), L-arginine, L-valine, bovine hemoglobin, beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 2′-phosphate reduced tetrasodium salt (NADPH), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), bovine serum albumin (fraction V), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), glutathione reductase (GR), cumene hydroperoxide, Percoll, and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (Taufkirchen, Germany). 2,2′-Dinitro-5,5′-dithiodibenzoic acid (DTNB) and D-glucose were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was purchased from Valerus (Sofia, Bulgaria).

Vitcheva V., Simeonova R., Kondeva-Burdina M, & Mitcheva M. (2015). Selective Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor 7-Nitroindazole Protects against Cocaine-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Brain. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2015, 157876.

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Neuronal Cell Isolation and Characterization

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In our experiments, pentobarbital sodium (Sanofi, France), N-(2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine-N′-(2-ethanesulfonic acid) (HEPES) (Sigma Aldrich, Germany), NaCl (Merck, Germany), KCl (Merck), D-glucose (Merck), NaHCO₃ (Merck), KH₂PO₄ (Scharlau Chemie SA, Spain), CaCl₂·2H₂O (Merck), MgSO₄·7H₂O (Fluka AG, Germany), collagenase from Clostridium histolyticum type IV (Sigma Aldrich), albumin, bovine serum fraction V, minimum 98% (Sigma Aldrich), ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (Sigma Aldrich), 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) (4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine-2-thiol) (Sigma Aldrich), trichloroacetic acid (TCA) (Valerus, Bulgaria), 6-hydroxydopamine (Merck), 2,2′-dinitro-5,5′-dithiodibenzoic acid (DTNB) (Merck), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) kit (Randox, UK), D(+) sucrose (Fluka, Germany), NaH₂PO₄ (Merck), MgCl₂·6H₂O, Percoll (Sigma Aldrich), (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol -2-yl]-2, 5diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) (Sigma Aldrich), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (Valerus, Bulgaria) were used.

Kondeva-Burdina M., Krasteva I, & Mitcheva M. (2014). Effects of rhamnocitrin 4-β-D-galactopyranoside, isolated from Astragalus hamosus on toxicity models in vitro. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 10(Suppl 3), S487-S493.

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Analytical Protocols for Phytochemicals

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Acetonitrile (hypergrade for LC-MS), formic acid (for LC-MS) and methanol (analytical grade) were purchased from Merck, Sofia, Bulgaria. The authentic standards used for compound identification were obtained from Extrasynthese (Genay, France) for protocatechuic, p-hydroxyphenylacetic, vanillic, gentisic, ferulic, p-coumaric, o-coumaric acid, rutin, hyperoside, luteolin 7-O-rutinoside, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, isoquercitrin, kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside, apigenin 7-O-glucoside, quercetin, apigenin, luteolin, chrysoeriolq eupatilin and genkwanin. Caffeic, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic and 3,4,5- tricaffeoylquinic acids were supplied by Phytolab (Vestenbergsgreuth, Germany). Chlorogenic acid and isorhamnetin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Diclofenac, silymarin, collagenase, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 2′-phosphate reduced tetrasodium salt (NADPH), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), bovine serum albumin (fraction V) and 2,2′-dinitro-5,5′dithiodibenzoic acid (DTNB) were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), glutathionereductase (GR) and cumene hydroperoxide were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (Taufkirchen, Germany).

Zheleva-Dimitrova D., Simeonova R., Kondeva-Burdina M., Savov Y., Balabanova V., Zengin G., Petrova A, & Gevrenova R. (2023). Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potential of Echinops ritro L. Extracts on Induced Oxidative Stress In Vitro/In Vivo. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(12), 9999.

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Liver Oxidative Stress Evaluation

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The chemicals used in the experiments were: Pentobarbital sodium (Sanofi, France), (N-[2-Hydroxyethyl]piperazine-N’-[ethanesulfonic acid]) (HEPES) (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), NaCl (Merck, Germany), KCl (Merck), D-glucose (Merck), NaHCO₃ (Merck), KH₂PO₄ (Scharlau Chemie SA, Spain), CaCl₂.2H₂ O (Merck), MgSO₄.7H₂ O (Fluka AG, Germany), collagenase from Clostridium histolyticum type IV (Sigma-Aldrich), albumin, bovine serum fraction V, minimum 98% (Sigma-Aldrich), EGTA (Sigma-Aldrich), 2-thiobarbituric acid (4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine-2-thiol; TBA) (Sigma-Aldrich), trichloroacetic acid (TCA) (Valerus, Bulgaria), 2,2’- dinitro-5,5’- dithiodibenzoic acid (DTNB) (Merck), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) kit (Randox, UK), t-BuOOH (Sigma-Aldrich), and CCl₄ (Merck).

Kondeva-Burdina M., Valcheva-Kuzmanova S., Markova T., Mitcheva M, & Belcheva A. (2015). Effects of Aronia melanocarpa Fruit Juice on Isolated Rat Hepatocytes. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 11(Suppl 4), S592-S597.

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Quantification of Flavonoid Standards

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The standards of flavonoids were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France) except for kaempferid (Fluka, Buchs, Germany). HPLC-grade solvents and analytical-grade chemicals NaCl, KCl, NaHCO₃, CaCl₂.2H₂O, FeSO₄, D-glucose, 2,2’-dinitro-5,5’-dithiodibenzoic acid (DTNB) and CCl₄ were provided by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). HEPES, EGTA, albumin, bovine serum fraction V, minimum 98%, 2-thiobarbituric acid (4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine-2-thiol; TBA), and t-BuOOH were provided by Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). In our experiments, pentobarbital sodium (Sanofi, France), KH₂PO₄ (Scharlau Chemie SA, Spain), MgSO₄.7H₂O (Fluka AG, Germany), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), ascorbinic acid and glycerol (Valerus, Bulgaria), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) kit (Randox, UK) were used.

Gevrenova R., Kondeva-Burdina M., Denkov N, & Zheleva-Dimitrova D. (2015). Flavonoid profiles of three Bupleurum species and in vitro hepatoprotective of activity Bupleurum flavum Forsk.. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 11(41), 14-23.

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Biochemical Analysis of Tissue Samples

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The following chemicals and reagents, including pentobarbital sodium (Sanofi, France), HEPES (Sigma Aldrich, Germany), NaCl (Merck, Germany), KCl (Merck), D-glucose (Merck), NaHCO3 (Merck), KH2PO4 (ScharlauChemie SA, Spain), K2HPO4 (ScharlauChemie SA, Spain), glycerol (Scharlau-Chemie SA, Spain), CaCl2x2H2O (Merck), MgSO4x 7H2O (Fluka AG, Germany), collagenase from Clostridium histolyticum type IV (Sigma Aldrich), albumin, bovine serum fraction V, minimum 98% (Sigma Aldrich), EGTA (Sigma Aldrich), 2-thiobarbituric acid (4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine-2-thiol; TBA) (Sigma Aldrich), trichloroacetic acid (TCA) (Valerus, Bulgaria), 2,2'-dinitro-5,5'-dithiodibenzoicacid (DTNB) (Merck), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) kit (Randox, UK) were used.

Kondeva-Burdina M. (2020). QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-HEPATOTOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF SERIES ARYLPIPERAZINE-N1-SUBSTITUTED THEOBROMINE DERIVATIVES. FARMACIA, 68(1), 56-64.

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