Win55 212

The production and synthesis of VSN16 (318 Da) and the VSN16R and VSN16S enantiomers and VSN22 were as described previously (Hoi et al.,2007). VSN44 was also synthesized (Supporting Information Methods S1). These compounds were additionally synthesized to either Good Manufacturing Practice or Good Laboratories Practice Standards by Sygnature Chemical Services (Nottingham, UK), Park Place Research (Cardiff, UK) or Dalton Chemical Laboratories Inc. (Toronto, Canada). VSN16R for human use was formulated in 25 and 100 mg gelatin capsules by Dalton Chemical Laboratories. R(+)WIN55‐212 was purchased from Tocris Ltd. (Bristol, UK) and ±baclofen was purchased from Sigma Aldrich Ltd (Poole, UK). 1′, 1′‐dimethylheptyl‐M8‐tetrahydrocannabinol‐11‐oic acid (CT3) was supplied by Atlantic Ventures Inc. (New York, USA) (Pryce et al.,2014). BMS‐204352; NS‐1619, NS‐11021, paxilline and CNQX were purchased from Tocris Ltd or Sigma (Poole, UK). Compounds were dissolved in water; saline or DMSO (WIN55‐212) or ethanol prior to dilution with cremaphor (Sigma) and PBS (1:1:18). These drugs were delivered via the p.o., i.p. or i.v. routes at less than 5 mL·kg⁻¹, typically 0.1 mL in mice and 0.5 mL in rats. Although VSN16R is water soluble (>30 mg·mL⁻¹), for higher concentrations (200 mg·mL⁻¹), it was dissolved in 20% polypropylene in water.