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7 protocols using mda mb 231

1

Breast Cancer Tumor Growth and Metastasis

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The human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 was purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA). Animal experiments were approved by the Catholic University of Korea Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC no. 2018-0172-01). MDA-MB-231 cells (5 × 105) and MSCs from TB or BM (5 × 105) were co-injected into mammary fat pads of immune-deficient NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice in a mixture with growth factor-reduced Matrigel (BD). Primary tumor volumes were measured as previously described (width × length × height × 0.52) [32 (link)]. Distant metastasis was analyzed by gross and microscopic analysis of organs by hematoxylin/eosin staining.
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2

Generating Stable PKCζ-Depleted Breast Cancer Cells

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The MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and HCC1937 cells were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection. For bioluminescent imaging, the MDA-MB-231-luc cells were generated as described earlier33 (link). For knockdown of PKCζ, cells were transduced with lentiviral pGIPZ shRNAmir vector containing short hairpins and GFP reporter (Open biosystem). For isolation of PKCζ-depleted MDA-MB-231-luc cells, transduced dual positive cells were enriched by fluorescence-activated cell sorting using a BD FACSAria™ cell sorter equipped with BD FACSDiva™ software (BD biosciences) with purity of the population more than 85%.
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3

Expression of CD61 in HUVEC and MDA-MB-231 Cells

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Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were obtained from the Chinese Academy of Sciences Committee Type Culture Collection cell bank, cultured in DMEM (Gibco, Paisley, UK) medium. MDA-MB-231 (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA), the human triple-negative breast cancer cell line, was maintained in DMEM culture medium. The culture media were supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Sigma-Aldrich, AU), and the cells were maintained at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 incubator. MDA-MB-231 cells and HUVEC were detached by trypsinization and stained on ice with PE mouse anti-human CD61 (BD Pharmingen™, San Jose, CA, USA) or volume-equivalent PBS for 30 min, respectively. After extensive washing, the fluorescence of 10,000 cells was analyzed by an FACS Calibur flow cytometer (Becton–Dickinson, Rutherford, NJ, USA).
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4

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer

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The human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 was purchased from the Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). TGF-β1 was purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN). Antibodies were from various sources: anti-E-cadherin antibody (BD Biosciences, Bedford, MA), anti-SLUG antibody (Cell Signaling, Beverley, MA), anti-SNAIL1 and anti-α-tubulin antibodies (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA). Antibody used for immunofluorescence staining in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells was anti-E-cadherin (BD Biosciences, Bedford, MA).
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5

Culturing and Characterizing SUM1315 and MDA-MB-231 Cells

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BLTN cell lines SUM1315 and MDA-MB-231 were obtained from Asterand. SUM1315 cells were seeded at 25 000 cells per mL in 75 cm2 culture dish (Falcon®) at 37°C under 5% CO2, in 15 mL Ham's F12 medium (Gibco®) supplemented with 5% decomplemented fetal calf serum, 10 mM HEPES* buffer, 20 mg/mL gentamycin, 10 ng/mL EGF and 4 μg/mL of insulin, according to the supplier's instructions [29 (link), 30 (link)]. The MDA-MB-231 cell line was seeded at 25 000 cells per mL in 75 cm2 culture dish (Falcon ®) at 37°C under 5% CO2, in 15 mL RPMI 1640 medium (Gibco®) supplemented with 10% decomplemented fetal calf serum and 20 mg/mL gentamycin, according to the supplier's instructions [29 (link), 30 (link)].
Cells having reached confluence were washed with Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS, 1X, Sigma®) and Trypsinized (Trypsin 1X, Sigma®) for 5 min at 37°C. Cells were taken up in 12 mL of culture medium and centrifuged for 10 minutes at 250 G. The pellet was taken up in 5 mL of culture medium and the number of cells per mL was determined by a cell count using a vital stain Trypan Blue. This allowed for counting the cell dilutions necessary for seeding cells in varying concentrations and defined for each experiment.
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6

Isolation and Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles

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Pancreatic carcinoma cell line, Panc-1 cells, containing KRAS G12D mutation and breast carcinoma cell line, MDA-MB-231 cells, without KRAS mutation were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection. All cells passed testing for mycoplasma contamination and were maintained in phenol-red-free-DMEM medium (Corning) supplemented with 10% (v/v) FBS, 100 units ml−1 penicillin and 100 μg ml−1 streptomycin. Cells were cultured in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 at 37°C. Panc-1 and MDA-MB-231 cells were grown in three T225 flasks (Falcon) for two to three days until they reached a confluency of 80%. Next, cells were cultured in medium without FBS for 48 h. The medium was collected and centrifuged at 300 g for 5 min followed by 16,500 g for 20 min at 4°C. Plasma was then collected and filtered using a 0.22 μm pore filter. A total of 108 ml of medium was collected and continuously ultracentrifuged at 100,000 g at 4°C for 2 h. The EV pellets were suspended in 200 μl of PBS. Samples were incubated with 10 μl of DNase I (1 unit μl−1; Life Technologies) or 5 μg ml−1 RNase at 37°C for 2 h. The supernatant was collected and stored at −80°C.
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7

Cell Culture Protocols for Cancer Research

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Three cell lines were utilized for this study and purchased from the Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (Shanghai, China): MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and 293T (HEK) cells. MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells were grown in Falcon culture dishes with Dulbecco Modified Eagle medium (DMEM), which was supplemented with 1% antibiotics and 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; all from Sigma-Aldrich; St. Louis, MO, USA) in a CO2-regulated incubator at 95% humidity and 5% CO2. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in 2013).
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