Filters (PTFE, 13 mm, 0.22 µm) were obtained from Phase Separations, Australia. Anhydrous sodium sulphate powder, HPLC grade dichloromethane, and HPLC grade hexane were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Australia. The analytical standards used in this study were prepared from the following solutions: a custom semi-volatile organic compound mix (PM Separations, Australia), a polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) organic compound mix (Trajan Scientific, Australia), a ‘single column analytes’ mix (Novachem, Australia), and an 8270 phenols standard (Phenomenex, Australia). Phenol-d6, phenanthrene-d10, 1,4-dichlorobenzene-d4, acenaphthene-d10, p-terphenyl-d14, and chrysene-d12 were used as internal standards and were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Australia.
Chrysene d12
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
Chrysene-d12 is a deuterated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon used as an internal standard in analytical chemistry applications. It is a stable isotope-labeled compound with a molecular formula of C₁₈H₁₂D₁₂.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Phenanthrene d10, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Acenaphthene d10, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Perylene d12, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Naphthalene d8, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Benzo a pyrene, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Benzo b fluoranthene, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Chrysene, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Benzo a anthracene, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Toluene, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
1 mg silica column, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
Nnn d4, by LGC (2 mentions)
Nat d4, by LGC (2 mentions)
Nab d4, by LGC (2 mentions)
Nicotine base, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Butanol hplc grade, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Ammonium formate amfor, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Deuterated pah, by Chem Service (2 mentions)
Agilent bond elut 10 ml, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
Native pah qtm mix, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
1 4 dichlorobenzene d4, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
7 protocols using chrysene d12
1
Solvent-Based Extraction of Organic Compounds
2
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Analysis
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Standards of PAHs (> 99.0%), acenaphthene-d10 (> 99.0%), phenanthrene-d10 (> 99.0%), chrysene-d12 (> 99.0%), perylene-d12 (> 99.0%), and naphthalene-d8 (> 99.0%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China). The physical and chemical properties of PAHs are shown in Table S1.
The stock solutions of all the standards were prepared in n-hexane and stored in amber glass vials. All the organic solvents used were of HPLC grade (JT Baker, Shanghai, China). Deionized water was prepared using a Milli-Q plus water purification system (Millipore Corp, Shanghai, China) . Anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), silica gel (60-100 mesh), florisil (60-100 mesh), and alumina oxide (100-200 mesh) for clean the samples were baked at 400 °C for 4 h before use to eliminate potential environmental pollution.
The stock solutions of all the standards were prepared in n-hexane and stored in amber glass vials. All the organic solvents used were of HPLC grade (JT Baker, Shanghai, China). Deionized water was prepared using a Milli-Q plus water purification system (Millipore Corp, Shanghai, China) . Anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), silica gel (60-100 mesh), florisil (60-100 mesh), and alumina oxide (100-200 mesh) for clean the samples were baked at 400 °C for 4 h before use to eliminate potential environmental pollution.
3
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Analysis in Gochujang
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Gochujang (Sunchang Gochujang; Chungjungone, Seoul, Korea) used in this study was
composed of brown rice (20.4%), red pepper powder (3%), and red
pepper seasoning (red pepper powder [8.3%], sea salt, garlic, and onion)
with soybeans, alcohol, yeast powder, starch syrup, brown glutinous rice flour,
sea salt, and isomaltooligosaccharide. Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent was
purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All solvents and chemicals
used for PAH analysis were high-performance liquid chromatography grade. PAH
standards (naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene,
anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene,
benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene,
indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, and benzo[g,h,i]perylene) and
internal standard (ISTD) solution mix (naphthalene-d8,
acenaphthene-d10, phenanthrene-d10,
chrysene-d12, and perylene-d12) were purchased from
Sigma-Aldrich. All the other chemicals were of analytical grade.
composed of brown rice (20.4%), red pepper powder (3%), and red
pepper seasoning (red pepper powder [8.3%], sea salt, garlic, and onion)
with soybeans, alcohol, yeast powder, starch syrup, brown glutinous rice flour,
sea salt, and isomaltooligosaccharide. Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent was
purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All solvents and chemicals
used for PAH analysis were high-performance liquid chromatography grade. PAH
standards (naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene,
anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene,
benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene,
indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, and benzo[g,h,i]perylene) and
internal standard (ISTD) solution mix (naphthalene-d8,
acenaphthene-d10, phenanthrene-d10,
chrysene-d12, and perylene-d12) were purchased from
Sigma-Aldrich. All the other chemicals were of analytical grade.
4
Comprehensive Analytical Standards Protocol
5
Quantifying PAHs in Environmental Samples
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The PAH4 standards benzo[a]pyrene (BaP, CAS No. 50-32-8), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF, CAS No. 205-99-2), chrysene (CHR, CAS No. 218-01-9), and benzo[a]anthracene (BaA, CAS No. 56-55-3) and internal standards (IS) 3-methylcholanthrene (CAS No. 56-49-5), chrysene-d12 (CAS No. 1719-03-5), and benzo[a]pyrene-d12 (CAS No. 63466-71-7) were obtained from Supelco, Inc. (Bellefonte, PA, USA). All materials and chemicals were of GC and HPLC analytical grade. Acetonitrile (ACN) (CAS No. 75-05-8), dichloromethane (DCM) (CAS No. 75-09-2), methanol (CAS No. 67-56-1), and hexane (CAS No. 110-54-3) were obtained from Burdick & Jackson (Muskegon, MI, USA). Sodium sulfate anhydrous (Na2SO4) (CAS No. 7757-82-6) 99% w/w purity; (Samchun Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea) was used for dehydration. Distilled water (CAS No. 7732-18-5) and N,N-dimethylformamide (CAS No. 68-12-2) were prepared using a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). Kovax syringes (3 mL) were obtained from Korea Vaccine Co., Ltd. (Gyeonggi-do, Korea). Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane filters (0.45 mm) were purchased from Advantec Co., Ltd. (Chiyoda City, Japan). Sep-Pak Florisil cartridges (Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA) were utilized for solid-phase extraction (SPE).
6
Comprehensive Analytical Standards Protocol
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Water (H2O), methanol (MeOH), dichloromethane (DCM), pentane (Pent), hexane, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), ethyl acetate (EtAc), acetone, toluene, butanol (HPLC grade), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrochloric acid (HCl), ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), tetrasodium EDTA (Na4EDTA), and ammonium formate (AmFor) (reagent grade) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (USA).
Nicotine base was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (USA). Native nicotine and nicotine-d4 salts were synthesized as described in Ref.[30 ]. Nicotelline and deuterated nicotelline-d8 were synthesized as previously reported[16 (link)]. Deuterated nitrosamines NNK-d4, NNN-d4, NAT-d4, and NAB-d4 and native nitrosamines NNK, NNN, NAT, and NAB were purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals (Canada). The native PAH QTM mix and chrysene-d12, were purchased from Supelco (USA) and SPEXCertiPrep (USA), respectively. Deuterated PAH were purchased from Chemservice (USA). Agilent Bond Elut 10 mL and 1 mg silica column were purchased from Agilent (USA).
Nicotine base was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (USA). Native nicotine and nicotine-d4 salts were synthesized as described in Ref.[30 ]. Nicotelline and deuterated nicotelline-d8 were synthesized as previously reported[16 (link)]. Deuterated nitrosamines NNK-d4, NNN-d4, NAT-d4, and NAB-d4 and native nitrosamines NNK, NNN, NAT, and NAB were purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals (Canada). The native PAH QTM mix and chrysene-d12, were purchased from Supelco (USA) and SPEXCertiPrep (USA), respectively. Deuterated PAH were purchased from Chemservice (USA). Agilent Bond Elut 10 mL and 1 mg silica column were purchased from Agilent (USA).
7
Phthalate Standards Quantification Protocol
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Solvents used for this work include high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grades of hexane, methanol, acetone, ultrapure water and dichloromethane (Waters, Milford, MA, USA). Phthalate standards included di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP), di-n-octyl Phthalate (DnOP), di-isononyl phthalate (DiNP), diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) (AccuStandard Inc, (New Haven, CT, USA). Internal standard solutions, including phenanthrene-d10 and chrysene-d12 and standard surrogate solutions, 2-fluorobiphenyl and 4-terphenyl-d14, were obtained SUPELCO Inc. (Bellefonte, PA, USA).
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