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47 protocols using mastersizer s

1

Antiadhesive Dry Particle Redispersion

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Three different types of prepared dry particles (containing lactose, NCC/lactose (25:75; %(w/w)), and CaSi as antiadhesives) were dispersed in three different PG and water mixtures (10/90, 50/50, and 90/10% (v/v)), using two different mixing procedures. An amount of 100 mg of the prepared particles were weighed in a test tube by adding 20 mL of the selected blank ink medium. The samples were mixed manually and/or vortexed for an additional 2 min. The measurements were performed in triplicates and expressed as average ± SD.
Redispersed particle size measurements. The size of redispersed particles was measured by a laser diffraction measurement (Mastersizer S, Malvern Instruments, Ltd., UK), using a small volume dispersion unit, a 300RF lens with a measurement range from 0.05 μm to 880 μm, set a polydisperse analysis model, a density of 0.8 g/cm3 and entered the refractive indexes for each mixture separately. The particles dispersed in the PG /water mixture were added to purified water until the level of shading of the incoming laser light reached at least 2%, and the size of the dispersed particles was measured in triplicate.
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2

Microbeads Particle Size Analysis

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The particle size of gastroprotective microbeads was examined immediately following microencapsulation using a compound microscope (Mastersizer S; Malvern Instruments), to make sure that beads were of the correct size and shape.
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3

Particle Size Measurement of Agglomerated Particles

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Example 7

2 g of the agglomerated particles were added to 4 mL of Ethanol and optionally 2 drops of Tween 85 were added. The agglomerated particles were pre-dispersed by shaking this mixture until a visible homogeneous mixture was achieved. This mixture was then added into the measuring cell of a Malvern Mastersizer S, containing 800 mL of water and being equipped with a stirrer set to 2200 and an ultrasound probe set to 1800, while stirring the dispersion until an obscuration of approx. 20-25% was reached. The median particle size (d50) was measured after having applied ultrasound from the ultrasound probe in the measurement cell under stirring for 10 Minutes. Ultrasound was applied to deaggregate loosely aggregated particles and to distinguish them from the agglomerated particles (particles cross linked by added monomers).

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4

Particle Size Analysis of Emulsions

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Dry emulsion and pure MS particle size distributions were measured by a laser diffraction measurement (Mastersizer S, Malvern Instruments, Ltd., Malvern, UK) using the 300 F lens and a dry powder feeder unit with the following parameters: feed air pressure 3 bar; 0.5–5% obscuration rate; Fraunhofer theory setting. The particle size distribution was described by volume-based distribution parameters (d10, d50, d90 and SPAN). Measurements were undertaken in triplicate and expressed as an average ± standard deviation (SD).
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5

Laser Scattering Particle Size Analysis

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Based on the technique labeled by Ma et al. (2019), the particle size dispersal (PSD) was estimated via a laser scattering Mastersizer S (Malvern, UK) and a 300 inverse Fourier lens with the relief of a He–Ne laser λ = 633 [15 (link)]. The protein’s refractive index was 1.33 when the amount was made at room temperature (RT, 25 ± 2 °C). Before measurement, the samples were diluted with dH2O to 50 mg/mL, and the particle sizes ranged between 0–10,000 μm.
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6

Characterization of Capsule Size Distribution

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Example 3

Average Diameter of the Capsules of the Invention

The size distribution of Control Capsules A and B and of Capsules C to L was controlled by Optical Microscopy and Light Scattering (Mastersizer S, Malvern) and the average diameter was calculated (arithmetic mean) for each type of capsules. The results are summarized in Table 4.

TABLE 4
Average diameter of Capsules A to L
Average diameter
d(v, 0.5)
Capsules[μm]
Control Capsules A16
Control Capsules B15
Capsules C17
Capsules D22
Capsules E20
Capsules F20
Capsules G21
Capsules H20
Capsules I15
Capsules J15
Capsules K20
Capsules L20

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7

Milk Fat Globule Size Characterization

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Particle size distributions of the fat globules from the freeze-dried milk/infant formula solid dosage forms were measured after reconstitution/dispersal in water by laser light scattering using a Mastersizer-S (Malvern Panalytical, United Kingdom), equipped with a He-Ne laser of wavelength 633 nm and a 300-RF lens for the detection of size ranging from 0.05 to 880 μm. The particle density of the milk fat globules was taken to be 0.92 g/cm3 and the refractive indexes of milk and water were taken to be 1.462 and 1.330, respectively (Michalski et al., 2001 ). Water (50 mL) was added to a Malvern Panalytical dispersion unit and the redispersed samples were added to reach an obscuration value between 10 and 15% prior to the measurements. The volume-weighted mean diameter of the particles was then recorded as D4,3 generated by the in-built instrument software based on calculated size distributions by volume.
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8

Co-Ground Pulp and Calcium Carbonate Filler

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Example 9

Preparation of Co-Ground Filler

The starting materials for the grinding work consisted of a slurry of pulp (Botnia pine) and a ground calcium carbonate filler, Polcarb 60™, comprising about 60% by volume of particles less than 2 μm. The pulp was blended in a Cellier mixer with the Polcarb to give a 20% addition of pulp. This suspension, which was at 8.7% solids, was then fed into a 180 kW stirred media mill containing a ceramic grinding media (King's, 3 mm) at a media volume concentration of 50%. The mixture was ground until an energy input between 2500 kWht−1 had been expended and then the pulp/mineral mixture was separated from the media using a 1 mm screen. The product had a fibre content (by ashing) of 20.7 wt %, and a mean fibre size (d50) of 79 μm as measured using a Malvern Mastersizer S™. The fibre psd steepness (d30/d70×100) was 29.5.

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9

Amlodipine Salt Preparation and Particle Size

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Example 6

Amlodipine benzoate salt was prepared under conditions where the concentrations of ingredients was varied to simulate preparation of the salt under various concentrate conditions. The compositions of the batches are given in Table 7 along with batches 2F and 3C. The batches were prepared according to the procedure used for batch 2F. Samples of the suspension from batch 6B was taken and evaluated for particle size with a Malvern Mastersizer S using a 5 mg/mL sodium benzoate in water dispersant.

TABLE 7
Composition and Particle Sizes of Amlodipine
Salt Batches Made as Concentrates
Batch
6A2F3C6B
Component (grams)
Purified water5000500050005000
Polysorbate 80100.066.750.005.00
Amlodipine besylate139.092.669.56.95
Sodium benzoate500.0333.3250.025.0
Condition/Result
Concentrate volume %57.510100
Particle size (μm)
D10338
D50141330
D90332972

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10

Co-Ground Calcium Carbonate Filler Preparation

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Example 6

Preparation of Co-Ground Filler

The starting materials for the grinding work consisted of a slurry of pulp (Botnia pine) and a ground calcium carbonate filler, Intracarb 60™. The pulp was blended in a Cellier mixer with the GCC to give a 20% addition of pulp. This suspension, which was at 8.8% solids, was then fed into a 180 kW stirred media mill containing a ceramic grinding media (King's, 3 mm) at a media volume concentration of 50%. The mixture was ground until an energy input between 2500 kWht−1 had been expended and then the pulp/mineral mixture was separated from the media using a 1 mm screen. The product had a fibre content (by ashing) of 19.0 wt %, and a mean fibre size (d50) of 79 μm as measured using a Malvern Mastersizer S™. The fibre psd steepness (d30/d70×100) was 30.7.

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