For dogs referred to the Nara Animal Referral Clinic, several clinical tests, including blood tests, radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and endoscopy, were performed by experienced clinical veterinarians (W.Y. and K.Yon.). CT was performed using a 16-slice multi-detector row helical CT unit (Aquilion Prime, Canon Medical Systems, Inc., Tochigi, Japan). During endoscopy, a narrow scope with a 6 mm outer diameter (Fujinon Advancia, Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan) was used to examine the stomach, duodenum, and colorectum. Clinical data from a few cases (dogs D, E, F, G, K, M, O, P, and Q) were described in our previous study that focused on the clinical diagnosis of this disease [14 (link)].
Aquilion prime
Manufactured by Canon
Sourced in Japan, Germany, United States
The Aquilion Prime is a computed tomography (CT) system designed and manufactured by Canon. It is a diagnostic imaging device that utilizes X-ray technology to capture high-quality, three-dimensional images of the body's internal structures. The Aquilion Prime is capable of producing detailed scans, which can be used by healthcare professionals for various medical applications.
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Lab products found in correlation
Aquilion one, by Canon (15 mentions)
Somatom definition as, by Siemens (6 mentions)
Aquilion 64, by Canon (5 mentions)
Lightspeed vct, by GE Healthcare (5 mentions)
Revolution evo, by GE Healthcare (4 mentions)
Somatom perspective, by Siemens (4 mentions)
Revolution hd, by GE Healthcare (3 mentions)
Aquilion precision, by Canon (3 mentions)
Activion 16, by Canon (2 mentions)
Discovery ct750 hd, by GE Healthcare (2 mentions)
Iqon spectral, by Philips (2 mentions)
Ge lightspeed vct, by GE Healthcare (2 mentions)
Aquilion 16, by Toshiba (2 mentions)
Somatom edge plus, by Siemens (2 mentions)
Iopamidol isovue, by Bracco (2 mentions)
Aquilion one vision edition, by Canon (2 mentions)
Biograph mct, by Siemens (2 mentions)
Alexion, by Canon (1 mentions)
Ultravist 370, by Bayer (1 mentions)
Pacs workstation, by Carestream (1 mentions)
67 protocols using aquilion prime
1
Canine Diagnostic Procedures at Nara Clinic
2
3D Nasal Anatomy Reconstruction for Surgical Planning
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We included two patients referred in our Department for nasal obstruction, requiring (11) . We used NOSE scores to assess patient impairment 1 month before and 6 months after surgery (12) .
Preoperative CTscans were obtained using a low dose protocol on a multi-detector CTscanner (AquilionPrime, Canon Medical Systems, Otawara, Japan) using a cranio-caudal helical acquisition. In both patients, PS CTscans were performed at least 3 months after surgery and for another medical reason. PS CTscans did not show postoperative complication.
Creation of 3-Dimensional Models 3D reconstructions were obtained using ITK-Snap (3.6.0). The procedure was as follows: 1.
Importation of CTscan images (DICOM formats), 2. Segmentation process using the half maximum height protocol (ImageJ software version 1.44) to determine the boundaries of anatomical structures, and 3. Nasal surface extraction. The half-maximum height protocol offers an objective process to delimit a reproducible interface between two tissues (13) . This method included pixels from -1024 to -400 Houndsfield Units. Paranasal sinuses were removed manually during the segmentation process.
Preoperative CTscans were obtained using a low dose protocol on a multi-detector CTscanner (AquilionPrime, Canon Medical Systems, Otawara, Japan) using a cranio-caudal helical acquisition. In both patients, PS CTscans were performed at least 3 months after surgery and for another medical reason. PS CTscans did not show postoperative complication.
Creation of 3-Dimensional Models 3D reconstructions were obtained using ITK-Snap (3.6.0). The procedure was as follows: 1.
Importation of CTscan images (DICOM formats), 2. Segmentation process using the half maximum height protocol (ImageJ software version 1.44) to determine the boundaries of anatomical structures, and 3. Nasal surface extraction. The half-maximum height protocol offers an objective process to delimit a reproducible interface between two tissues (13) . This method included pixels from -1024 to -400 Houndsfield Units. Paranasal sinuses were removed manually during the segmentation process.
3
Volumetric Assessment of Lung Cancer
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All patients underwent chest CT within two months prior to surgery. Chest CT was performed in the supine position during an inspiratory breath-hold using various multidetector row scanners: an Aquilion prime (CANON MEDICAL SYSTEMS CORPORATION, Tochigi, Japan), Aquilion ONE (CANON), Alexion (CANON), Activion16 (CANON), and Aquilion64 (CANON). All CT data were resampled at 0.5 × 0.5 × 1.0 mm resolution with trilinear interpolation.
Targeted lung cancer was segmented with a semiautomated method using the 3D Slicer software program, ver. 4.10.2 (https://www.slicer.org/ ). Lung cancer was denoted with solid and ground-glass components. We defined solid components as those of > − 80 Hounsfield Unit (HU) and ground-glass opacity as components of > − 600 HU and < − 80 HU. The volume of interest (VOI) of lung cancer was delineated by the fusion of the solid and ground-glass parts.
Targeted lung cancer was segmented with a semiautomated method using the 3D Slicer software program, ver. 4.10.2 (
4
Cranial CT Imaging Protocol
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In the study, a 128-row multi-detector CT device (Aquilion™ Prime; Canon Medical Systems) was used for image acquisition. All scans were performed with the patient's supine, head first starting from below the base of skull to vertex, using the following parameters: tube voltage: 120 kV, 150 effective mAs; slice thickness: 1 mm.
5
Detailed 64-MDCT Imaging Protocol for Thoracic Evaluation
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All patients underwent 64-MDCT (Aquilion ONE and Aquilion PRIME; Canon Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) and were scanned from the thoracic inlet to the diaphragm during full inspiration without contrast enhancement. The MDCT scan parameters were as follows: collimination, 0.5 mm; 120 kV; auto-exposure control; gantry rotation time, 0.5 second; and beam pitch, 0.83. All images were reconstructed by standard algorithms (FC07) with a slice thickness of 0.5 mm and a reconstruction interval of 0.5 mm. The voxel size was 0.63 × 0.63 × 0.5 mm.
6
Psoas Muscle Imaging Protocol
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Plain abdominal computed tomography (CT) with 5 mm slice imaging was performed during hospitalization using an 80 multidetector CT (Aquilion Prime, Canon, Japan). Cross‐sectional psoas muscle area (mm2) and CT value (Hounsfield units) were measured using a dedicated workstation (Virtual Place, AZE Ltd, Japan). Both left and right cross‐sectional areas of the psoas muscle at the L3 vertebral level were traced semi‐automatically by a physician who was blinded to the clinical history. PMI was obtained by cross‐sectional psoas muscle area divided by height: PMI (mm2/m2) = [right psoas muscle mass (mm2) + left psoas muscle mass (mm2)]/[height (m) × height (m)]. Reduced PMI was defined as a PMI below the 25th sex‐specific percentile according to previous reports.12 , 13
7
Standardized CT Imaging Protocol for Lymphoma and Liver Cirrhosis Patients
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For the lymphoma patients, the baseline staging protocol was standardized and included a contrast-enhanced CT of the neck, chest, abdomen and pelvis. In patients with liver cirrhosis, the study protocol included either the chest, abdomen, and pelvis, or only abdomen and pelvis, depending on the clinical question.
CT scanners from two manufacturers were used to acquire the CT scans: Aquilion One (number of performed examinations = 22), Aquilion PRIME (n = 38), and Aquilion 64 (n = 2) from Canon Medical Systems (Otawara, Tochigi, Japan) and Revolution HD (n = 37), Revolution EVO (n = 42) and LightSpeed VCT (n = 8) from General Electric Healthcare (Boston, MA, USA).
The contrast agents used were iomeprol (Imeron 400®, Bracco Imaging, Milan, Italy) iobitridol (Xenetix 350®, Guerbert, Villepinte, France), and iopromide (Ultravist 370®, Bayer, Leverkusen, Germany) with amounts varying between 100 and 140 mL. Portal venous phase imaging was performed at 70–80 s after the intravenous administration of the contrast agent. Axial reconstructions with a slice thickness of 5 mm without gaps were used in this study.Figure 2 shows a sample of CT images in coronal reconstruction.
CT scanners from two manufacturers were used to acquire the CT scans: Aquilion One (number of performed examinations = 22), Aquilion PRIME (n = 38), and Aquilion 64 (n = 2) from Canon Medical Systems (Otawara, Tochigi, Japan) and Revolution HD (n = 37), Revolution EVO (n = 42) and LightSpeed VCT (n = 8) from General Electric Healthcare (Boston, MA, USA).
The contrast agents used were iomeprol (Imeron 400®, Bracco Imaging, Milan, Italy) iobitridol (Xenetix 350®, Guerbert, Villepinte, France), and iopromide (Ultravist 370®, Bayer, Leverkusen, Germany) with amounts varying between 100 and 140 mL. Portal venous phase imaging was performed at 70–80 s after the intravenous administration of the contrast agent. Axial reconstructions with a slice thickness of 5 mm without gaps were used in this study.
8
Lung Density Assessment using MDCT
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All CT studies were performed on a 64-MDCT Aquilion ONE and Aquilion PRIME (Canon Medical Systems, Otawara, Tochigi, Japan) at full inspiration, with no contrast medium being used. The CT parameters used were as follows: collimation 120kV; CT-AEC; gantry rotation time, 0.5s; and beam pitch, 0.70–0.83. All the images were reconstructed using standard reconstruction algorithms, with a slice thickness of 0.5 mm and a reconstruction interval of 0.5 mm. The reconstructed CT images were transferred to a commercial workstation (Ziostation2, Ziosoft Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). Total lung volume (LV) and low attenuation volume (LAV) were measured based on a threshold of −950 Hounsfield units (HU). LAV% was calculated as 100%×LAV/LV.24 (link)
9
Psoas Muscle Cross-Sectional Area Measurement
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We measured the cross-sectional area of the psoas muscle using Aquilion PRIME (Canon Medical System Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) at 120 kV exposure. Manual tracing using CT imaging performed at the L3 level within a month before allo-HSCT was used to measure the cross-sectional areas of the bilateral psoas muscles.
10
Dual-Energy CT Imaging of Tophaceous Foot
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DECT was performed with a single-source 80-detector row scanner operating in double helical sequential acquisition mode with 135 kV/150 mA and 80 kV/600 mA (Aquilion Prime, Canon Medical Systems), without intravenous contrast material. Patients were positioned feet-first in a supine position. The scan was acquired in a craniocaudal direction, starting 5 cm from the ankle joint to the distal big toe. Both ankles and feet were scanned axially in one acquisition at 80 x 0.5 mm, field of view 320 mm, and pitch 0.638.
The images were reconstructed with iterative reconstruction on a bone algorithm and a soft-tissue algorithm, 512-pixel matrix, to a 0.50-mm slice with 0.3-mm increment. Acquisition and reconstruction parameters were optimized to obtain excellent spatial resolution for precise evaluation of bone erosions. A detailed description is inS1 Table . Fig 1 shows an example of DECT examination of a tophaceous foot.
The images were reconstructed with iterative reconstruction on a bone algorithm and a soft-tissue algorithm, 512-pixel matrix, to a 0.50-mm slice with 0.3-mm increment. Acquisition and reconstruction parameters were optimized to obtain excellent spatial resolution for precise evaluation of bone erosions. A detailed description is in
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