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32 protocols using anti α tubulin t5168

1

Cellular Stress Response Protein Analysis

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Cellular lysates were prepared from exponentially growing cell cultures treated with 40μM camptothecin (Sigma) or 5μg/ml bleomycin (Merck). Denatured cell lysates were prepared by TCA precipitation. Cells were suspended in 20% TCA and lysed mechanically using glass beads (Sigma). Following centrifugation, the TCA precipitate was suspended in SDS-PAGE loading buffer (Invitrogen) containing Tris-base. Protein extracts were directly resolved on Tris-acetate 3–8% polyacrylamide NuPAGE gels (Invitrogen). Proteins were transferred to a nitrocellulose Hybond-C membrane (Invitrogen). The membrane was blocked in PBS-T milk 5% and probed by using anti-Flag (Sigma F1804) antibody (1:5,000 dilution), anti Cdc2 (Santa-Cruz sc-53) antibody (1,1000 dilution), anti-tubulin alpha T5168 (Sigma).
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2

Cellular Lysate Preparation and Protein Analysis

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Cellular lysates were prepared from exponentially growing cell cultures treated with 40μM camptothecin (Sigma) or 5μg/ml bleomycin (Merck). Denatured cell lysates were prepared by TCA precipitation. Cells were suspended in 20% TCA and lysed mechanically using glass beads (Sigma). Following centrifugation, the TCA precipitate was suspended in SDS-PAGE loading buffer (Invitrogen) containing Tris-base. Protein extracts were directly resolved on Tris-acetate 3-8% polyacrylamide NuPAGE gels (Invitrogen). Proteins were transferred to a nitrocellulose Hybond-C membrane (Invitrogen). The membrane was blocked in PBS-T milk 5% and probed by using anti-Flag (Sigma F1804) antibody (1:5,000 dilution), anti Cdc2 (Santa-Cruz sc-53) antibody (1:1000 dilution), anti-tubulin alpha T5168 (Sigma).
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3

Characterization of p53 Isoforms

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Total protein lysate was extracted from BMMCs using RIPA buffer (Intron Biotechnology, Korea) containing a cocktail of 1% phosphatase- and 1% protease inhibitors (Thermo Fischer Scientific, USA). Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and electroblotting were performed using anti-p53 (9282, Cell Signaling Technology, US and DO-7 sc-47,698 Santa Cruz Biotechnology, US), anti-MDM2 (MABE281, Merck Millipore, US), and anti-p21WAF-1 (OP64, Merck Millipore, US) antibodies. Equal protein loading was assessed using anti-alpha tubulin (T5168, Sigma Aldrich, US) and anti-Ku80 (C48E7, Cell Signaling Technology, US) antibodies. All antibodies were diluted in 1% (w/v) non-fat milk powder in TBS–Tween. Proteins were visualized using enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL RevelBlot Plus or Intense, Ozyme, France) depending on the intensity of the signal. Protein lysate isolated from Saos-2 p53-null cell line engineered to over-express specific p53 isoforms cDNA were used as reference for p53 isoforms identification.
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4

Subcellular fractionation and protein detection

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Young adult animals grown at 20°C were harvested, washed, and lysed in extraction buffer (50 mM Tris, pH7.2, 250 mM sucrose, 2 mM EDTA). Supernatants were centrifuged for 60 min at 100,000xg at 4°C. The supernatant fraction was concentrated using Vivaspin Concentrators (Sigma). The pellet fraction was resuspended in 1x Laemmli buffer (Biorad). Proteins in both fractions were separated by SDS-PAGE and blotted onto PVDF membranes. Proteins were detected using an anti-GFP antibody (3H9, Chromotek) or anti-alpha tubulin (T5168, Sigma).
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5

Subcellular fractionation and protein detection

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Young adult animals grown at 20 °C were harvested, washed and lysed in extraction buffer (50 mM Tris, pH7.2, 250 mM sucrose, 2 mM EDTA). Supernatants were centrifuged for 60 min at 100,000×g at 4 °C. The supernatant fraction was concentrated using Vivaspin Concentrators (Sigma). The pellet fraction was resuspended in 1× Laemmli buffer (Biorad). Proteins in both fractions were separated by SDS-PAGE and blotted onto PVDF membranes. Proteins were detected using anti-GFP antibody [3H9] (Chromotek) or anti-alpha tubulin [T5168] (Sigma).
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6

Western Blot Analysis of ASNA-1 Protein

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Synchronized young adult worms were homogenized and protein concentration determined using the BCA assay (Thermo Scientific). Samples were boiled for 10 min in reducing loading buffer (SDS/β-mercaptoethanol). Proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and blotted onto PVDF membranes Non-reducing SDS-PAGE: Lysates were boiled for 10 min in non-reducing (without β-mercaptoethanol) loading buffer and cooled to room temperature for 10 min. To protect free cysteine thiols from post-lysis oxidation, iodoacetamide was added to the samples at a final concentration of 25 mM followed by a 30 min incubation in darkness at room temperature. Proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and blotted onto nitrocellulose membranes. Antibodies: anti-ASNA-1 antibody8 (link), anti-GFP antibody [3H9] (Chromotek) and anti-Flag antibody [F1804] (Sigma) were used. To assess equal loading, membranes were stripped and probed with anti-alpha tubulin (T5168, Sigma). Band quantification was performed using ImageJ software65 (link).
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7

Comprehensive Antibody and Reagent Catalog for Research

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The following antibodies and chemicals were acquired: Anti-p16 (orb228122; Biorbyt, San Francisco, CA), anti-MKRN1 (GTX106459; Genetex, Irvine, CA), anti-p90RSK (MAB 2056; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), and anti-α-tubulin (T5168; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) were purchased. Antibodies against TERF2IP (5433) and p21 (2947) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA). Anti-TERT (ab32020) and anti-TERF2 (ab108997) were from Abcam (Cambridge, MA). Protease inhibitor cocktail (p8340), PMSF (36978), and NEM (E3876) were from Sigma-Aldrich.
The iQSYBR Green Supermix (1708882) was from Bio-Rad (Hercules, CA); the TL PNA kit/FITC flow cytometry kit (K5327) was from Agilent Technology (Santa Clara, CA); the FITC Annexin V apoptosis detection kit (556547) was from BD Biosciences (Franklin Lakes, NJ). We also purchased TaqMan reverse transcription reagents to generate cDNA (N808–0234; Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA), RNeasy Plus Mini Kit (#74136; QIAGEN), a dual luciferase assay kit (E1910; Promega Life Sciences, Fitchburg, WI), and Lipofectamine 2000 transfection reagent (11668027; ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA).
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8

Antibody Characterization and Validation

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All chemicals were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA) or Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Antibodies were as follows: anti‐α‐tubulin (T5168) and anti‐destrin (D8815) from Sigma; anti‐p65 (8242P), anti‐MMP2 (D8N9Y, 13132), and anti‐MMP9 (G657, 2270) from Cell Signaling (Danvers, MA, USA); and anti‐p53, kindly provided by Bořivoj Vojtěšek (Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Czech Republic). Anti‐mouse and anti‐rabbit antibodies were obtained from Sigma and Millipore (Burlington, MA, USA), respectively.
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9

Immunoblotting of BMDM Lysates

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BMDCs (or bone marrow-derived macrophages, which were generated as described above for BMDCs except macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) was used) were lysed in protease inhibitor- and phosphatase inhibitor-containing CelLytic M buffer (Sigma, Burlington, MA, USA) and 20 μg of the cell lysates were separated via 15% or 7.5% SDS-PAGE, transferred to a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane, stained with primary antibodies, incubated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled Immunoglobulin G (IgG) (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA), and visualized with enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) clarity substrate (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). The primary antibodies were anti-MsrB1 (LF-PA0088, 1:1000 dilution, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), anti-STAT6 (ab32520, 1:2000 dilution, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), antiphospho-STAT6 (D8S9Y, 1:1000 dilution, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), anti-β-actin (sc-47778, 1:5000 dilution, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), and anti-α-tubulin (T5168, 1:5000 dilution, Sigma, Burlington, MA, USA).
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10

Mitochondrial Dynamics Regulation Protocols

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Anti-DRP1 (ab56788, Abcam, Cambridge, GB) and Anti-α-Tubulin (T5168, Sigma) antibodies were used at a dilution of 1/2000 for immunoblotting. anti-MFF (HPA010968, Sigma) and anti-MFF (Proteintech, Chicago, IL, 17090–1-AP) were used at 1/50 and 1/2000, respectively, for immunofluorescence staining.
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