Bf 220

Health-related lifestyles including smoking, alcohol drinking, as well as current and past history of diseases including diabetes, cancer, myocardial infarction, stroke and mental disorder were ascertained via a questionnaire. As regards physical activity, walking commuting to and from work (min/day) and up to three leisure-time physical activities (frequency and duration of time/day) were asked. MET value (MET-min/week) was calculated by multiplying weekly duration of time engaged in each activity by the corresponding MET, and summing the values across all activities. Height and weight were measured using an automated scale (BF-220; Tanita, Tokyo, Japan). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as the weight (kg) divided by the square of the height (m²).

Methods used in the present study, including thyroid function evaluation, have been described elsewhere [9 (link),16 (link),17 (link)]. A trained interviewer obtained information on clinical characteristics, such as history of thyroid disease, glucose-lowering medication use, and smoking and drinking habits. Body weight and height were measured using an automatic body composition analyzer (BF-220; Tanita, Tokyo, Japan). BMI (kg/m²) was calculated. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was recorded at rest.
Fasting blood samples were collected. TSH, FT3, and FT4 levels were measured using standard procedures at the LSI Medience Corporation (Tokyo, Japan). Glycohemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), and creatinine levels were measured using standard procedures at SRL Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). GFR was estimated using an established method with three variables proposed by a working group of the Japanese Chronic Kidney Disease Initiative [18 (link)].
The threshold for SCH was set at TSH > 4.01 μIU/mL. CKD was defined as GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m².

Trained interviewers obtained information on clinical characteristics. Body weight and height were measured with an automatic body composition analyzer (BF-220; Tanita, Tokyo, Japan) to calculate BMI (kg/m²). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded at rest.
A fasting blood sample was collected. TSH, free T3, and free T4 levels were measured using a chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) at the LSI Medience Corporation (Tokyo, Japan). Normal ranges for free T3 (2.1–4.1 pg/mL), free T4 (1.0–1.7 ng/dL), and TSH (0.39–4.01 μIU/mL) based on this method were reported [12 ]. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), and serum creatinine levels were measured using standard procedures at SRL, Inc. (Tokyo, Japan).
The presence of thyroid cysts was determined by experienced ultrasound technicians using a LOGIQ Book XP with a 10-MHz transducer (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA). For the present study, a thyroid cyst was defined as a structure with a maximum diameter of ≥ 2.0 mm and no solid components [5 (link), 8 (link), 9 (link)].
Spot urine dipstick was used to assess for the presence of proteinuria. Proteinuria was diagnosed as +1 or above.

Height, body mass and percentage body fat were measured using an automated body composition analyzer (BF-220, TANITA Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Abdominal circumference was measured at the level of the umbilicus in the standing position at the end of expiration, while breathing normally. Resting blood pressure was measured using commercially available blood pressure measuring devices.

Trained interviewers obtained information on medical history. Body weight and height of patients wearing light clothing were measured using an automatic body composition analyzer (BF-220; Tanita, Tokyo, Japan), and body mass index (BMI; kg/m²) was calculated.
Fasting blood samples were collected in an EDTA-2K tube and a siliconized tube. Samples from the EDTA-2K tube were used to measure white blood cell count (WBC) and reticulocyte using the flow cytometry method at SRL, Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Serum triglyceride (TG), serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GTP), hemoglobin A1c (HbA_1C), serum uric acid, and serum creatinine were measured using standard laboratory procedures at SRL, Inc. (Tokyo, Japan).

A trained interviewer obtained the information on smoking status. Body weight and height were measured while the participant was in bare feet and wearing light clothing using an automatic body composition analyzer (BF-220; Tanita, Tokyo, Japan). Body mass index was calculated as weight (kg)/height (m)².
Blood samples were collected into EDTA-2K tubes and siliconized tubes, and all measurements were conducted according to standard automated laboratory procedures at SRL, Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). The parameters tested included red blood cell (RBC) count, reticulocyte count, Hb level, and serum creatinine level. Reticulocyte count was calculated with the following formula: reticulocytes (× 10⁴ cells/μL) = (reticulocytes, ‰) × RBC (× 10⁴ cells/μL)/1000. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated according to an established method with three modifications recently proposed by a working group of the Japanese Chronic Kidney Disease Initiative [25 (link)]. According to this adaptation, GFR (mL min/1.73 m²) = 194 × [serum creatinine (enzyme method)]^−1.094 × (age)^−0.287 × (0.739 for women).

For each individual, the medical history was ascertained by specially trained interviewers. An automatic body composition analyzer (BF-220; Tanita, Tokyo, Japan) was used to calculate body mass index (BMI, kg/m²) after measuring height and weight. Overweight was defined as BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m² and underweight was defined as BMI < 18.5 kg/m².
After at least 5 min of rest, blood pressure was measured in the sitting position using a blood pressure device (HEM-907; Omron, Kyoto, Japan). Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, or use of anti-hypertensive medication.
Fasting blood samples were collected in an EDTA-2K tube and a siliconized tube. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) and LDLc were measured using the direct method, and triglycerides were measured using the enzymatic method, in all cases at SRL, Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Low HDL was defined as <40 mg/dL while high triglycerides were defined as ≥150 mg/dL. HbA1c was also measured using a standard procedure at SRL, Inc., and diabetes was defined as HbA1c ≥ 6.5% or use of glucose lowering medication.