Spss 19.0.1 for windows

The performance of any single detection or joint detection method was assessed using specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), NPV, and Youden index.
Statistical analysis was performed by two statistical packages, namely, IBM SPSS 19.0.1 for Windows (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA). Statistical analyses were performed using a chi-square test. All P-values reported were two-sided, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze relationships among the ATAS subscales, the SDS, and the STAI-trait (Table 1). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to detect the effects of age, sex, employment, and the ATAS subscales on SDS and STAI-trait scores (Table 2). Due to the close relationship and strong interactions between anxiety and depression (Clark and Watson, 1991 (link); Kessler et al., 1999 (link); Kircanski et al., 2017 (link); Lovibond and Lovibond, 1995 (link); Masi et al., 2000 (link)), in the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, the STAI-trait was entered as an independent variable when predicting the SDS, and the SDS was entered when predicting STAI-trait (Table 2). Dummy variables were used for sex (0 for coding males and 1 for coding females; Tables 1 and 2), employment (0 for coding unemployed and 1 for coding employed; Tables 1 and 2), and locality (0 for coding the Okinawa island and 1 for coding the main islands of Japan; Table 1). A two-tailed p-value of less than .05 was regarded as statistically significant. SPSS 19.0.1 for Windows (IBM Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan) was used for statistical analyses.

Analyses were carried out using IBM SPSS 19.0.1 for Windows (IBM, NY). Qualitative variables are defined by number of cases and percentage. Quantitative variables are expressed as means and standard deviation. In quantitative non-Gaussian variables, median, and interquartile range (P25–P75) was used instead of mean. Comparisons of means were done using unpaired Student's t-test for variables with Gaussian distribution. Comparison of categorical variables was made using Chi-square test. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered to be significant in all analyses.