Spss statistics v 27.0 for windows

Practitioners’ characteristics were described using frequencies with percentages or means with standard deviations (SD) as appropriate. Pearson’s chi-squared test was used to assess differences between regions in chiropractors’ public health response to and business/financial impacts from COVID-19.
Investigation of differences in COVID-19 patient management factors between musculoskeletal spine-care and subluxation-based paradigms was then performed using independent samples t-tests and chi-squared tests for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Some categorical response items (e.g., level of face-to-face patient care during the peak of the COVID-19 outbreak, or personal income changes during the peak of the COVID-19 outbreak) were dichotomised as “increase” or “no change/decrease” for chi-squared analyses. Only items demonstrating significant between-group differences in the univariate analyses (p < 0.05) were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model. Backward elimination was used to identify items associated with chiropractors practising in a musculoskeletal spine-care paradigm after adjusting for country of practice and age. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Odds ratios were reported with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS Statistics (v27.0) for Windows (IBM Corp; Armonk, NY).

The statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics v.27.0 for Windows (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY, USA). The effects of breed and gender and their interaction, at each of the four consecutive slaughter ages, on the carcass characteristics, as well as on quality parameters, proximate composition, and FA profile of meat, were analyzed using the following General Linear Model of fixed effects:
where Y_ij is the dependent variable, μ is the overall mean, Breed_i is the breed effect (i = 1–2), Sex_j is the sex effects (j = male and female), Breed × Sex_ij is the interaction effect between Breed and Sex, and e_ijk is the observational error.
Moreover, a further statistical analyses was performed, adding age at slaughter as a fixed component to the previous model; therefore, when this effect was significant (p < 0.05), the Duncan procedure as post hoc test was applied to investigate any differences between the different slaughter ages. The assumption of normality and homogeneity of variance was assessed using Shapiro–Wilk and Levene’s tests, respectively. The results are reported as means plus the standard error of the mean (SEM). Significance is declared for p < 0.05.