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51 protocols using automatic analyzer

1

Vitamin D Status and Associated Markers

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Serum 25OHD was measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay (LIAISON system, DiaSorin, Italy). PTH was measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (Roche Diagnostic, Indianapolis, IN, USA). Serum calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase levels were measured by spectrophotometric method (HITACHI automatic analyzer, Tokyo, Japan). Ionized calcium was measured in 282 children (216 normal weight and 66 overweight children) by spectrophotometric method (HITACHI automatic analyzer).
Children were divided into 3 groups according to their vitamin D status; deficiency (25OHD, <20 ng/mL), insufficiency (25OHD, 20-30 ng/mL), and sufficiency (25OHD, ≥30 ng/mL)8) (link).
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2

Measuring hs-CRP and SUA Levels

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Hs-CRP levels were measured by immunoturbidimetry using the Cobas analyzer (Roche, Germany) and the Cardiac C-Reactive Protein High Sensitivity reagent (Roche, Germany) (detection range 0.1–20 mg/L). High and low hs-CRP levels were defined as ≥ 3.0 mg/L and < 3.0 mg/dL, respectively [1 (link)]. SUA was measured by colorimetric method using uricase and Uric acid reagent (Eiken, Japan) on a Hitachi Automatic Analyzer (Hitachi, Japan) (lower detection limit 1.0 mg/dL). High and low SUA levels were defined as ≥ 6 mg/dL and < 6 mg/dL, respectively [10 (link)].
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3

Comprehensive Blood Profile Analysis

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To separate the serum, the blood collected in 5 mL tubes without anticoagulant, DNase and RNase and then centrifuged at 2,000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C. Blood for hematological indices detection was collected in sodium heparin anticoagulant containing tubes. Hematological indices were determined by the Aidi Pet Clinic (Yangling, China), including white blood cell count (WBC), lymphocyte number (LYMPH#), lymphocyte percentage (LYMPH%), monocyte number (MON#), monocyte percentage (MON%), red blood cell count (RBC), neutrophil granulocyte number (Gran#), neutrophil granulocyte percentage (Gran%), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT%), average red blood cell volume (MCV), average red blood cell hemoglobin amount (MCH), average red blood cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red blood cell percentage (RDW), platelet number (PLT), average platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), thrombocytocrit (PCT%). Conventional biochemical parameters were tested using a Hitachi automatic analyzer (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan), including triglyceride (TG), cholestenone (CHO), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), glucose (GLU). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) level was measured using the hydroxylamine method (NJJCBIO, Nanjing, China), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was measured using the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method (NJJCBIO, Nanjing, China).
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4

Serum ALP Changes in Systemic Therapy

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Standard biochemistry parameters including serum ALP were routinely obtained from the cycle of systemic therapy. ALP was measured using an enzyme method (Hitachi Automatic Analyzer 7600; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). The following levels of ALP were obtained:

Measurements were made at pre and posttreatment BS, showing an increased extent and/or new hot lesion. The interval between examination of BS and ALP was less than 10 days;

The difference between baseline and follow-up ALP was marked as ∆ALP; ∆ALP = follow-up ALP (at first follow-up BS)—baseline ALP (at pretreatment BS);

“∆ALP ratio” was defined as the ratio of ∆ALP to baseline ALP; ∆ALP ratio = “∆ALP”/“baseline ALP” × 100 (%);

Given the Hitachi Automatic Analyzer has 90–110% accuracy, “increased ALP” was defined as an increase in ∆ALP ratio of more than 10% of baseline;

“Decreased ALP” was defined as a decrease in ∆ALP ratio of more than 10% of baseline;

“Stable ALP” was defined as the remainder, being neither increased ALP nor decreased ALP.

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5

Monitoring Diabetic Mice via Glucose

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Mice were monitored monthly for the development of hyperglycemia with a Hitachi automatic analyzer (Yicheng, Beijing, China). Diabetes was characterized by weight loss and persistent hyperglycemia. Blood glucose was measured in retinal vein plexus blood and animals were considered to be diabetic when two consecutive blood glucose measurements exceeded 11 mmol/L.
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6

Biomarker Analysis in Mouse Plasma

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Mouse plasma concentrations of ALT and iron were measured using an automatic analyzer (Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Hepcidin concentration was analyzed by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry. Ferritin (ALPCO, Salem, NH, USA) and BMPER (USCN Life Science Inc., Wuhan, China) were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
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7

Serum Biochemistry Analysis in Mice

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The serum of mice in each group (n = 5–6) was obtained by centrifugation at the end of the experiment and used for serum biochemistry analysis with an automatic analyzer (Hitachi High‐Technologies Corp., Minato‐ku, Tokyo, Japan). Total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), glucose (Glc), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (S‐Cr), uric acid (UA), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T‐CHO), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), CK‐MB, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and amylase (AMY) were evaluated for comparison between control and experimental groups.
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8

Periodontal Evaluation and Inflammatory Markers

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At baseline, all subjects underwent a full-mouth clinical periodontal examination by a calibrated periodontist, including PD and AL, using a William’s periodontal probe at six sites for each tooth. In addition, the bleeding index (BI) of each tooth was recorded. Periodontal parameters were re-evaluated by the same examiner at 3 months after non-surgical periodontal therapy.
Fasting blood samples were collected from each subject into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-containing tubes and analyzed by a technician who was blinded to the case status using a calibrated automated hematology analyzer (Sysmex, Corporation, Kobe, Japan) and a biochemistry Automatic Analyzer (model 7180; Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Serum was separated and stored immediately at −80°C. Serum concentrations of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), iron, ferritin and transferrin, in addition to transferrin saturation (TS), and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) were measured with an Automatic Analyzer (model 7170A; Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to measure serum concentrations of IL-6 (#KE1368; ImmunoWay Biotechnology Company, Plano, TX, U.S.A.) and hepcidin (#DHP250; R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, U.S.A.) in accordance with the manufacturers’ instructions.
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9

Biomarker Analysis of Liposome/mRNA Complexes

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After the administration of different liposome/mRNA complexes for 24 h, the serum was obtained by centrifugation, and the contents of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartic acid aminotransferase (AST), total protein (TP), uric acid (UA) and urinary anhydride (URREAL) in all plasma samples were determined by using serological biochemical analysis with an automatic analyzer (Hitachi High-Technologies Corp., Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan).
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10

Serological and Biochemical Analysis of Mouse Blood

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Blood samples were collected from the mice for serological and biochemical analysis before they were sacrificed on day 14. Serum was obtained by centrifugation at 13,300× g for 10 minutes and was used for biochemical analysis with an automatic analyzer (Hitachi High-Technologies Corp., Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan) immediately.
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