Potassium chloride (kcl)

Manufactured by Chem-Lab

Sourced in United Kingdom, Germany

Potassium chloride is a chemical compound with the formula KCl. It is a crystalline salt that is colorless or white in appearance. Potassium chloride is a commonly used inorganic compound with a variety of industrial and scientific applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

Sodium chloride (nacl), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Calcium chloride, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Sodium chloride (nacl), by Merck Group (2 mentions) Hyperpure grade hcl, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions) Hplc grade acetic acid, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions) Sodium acetate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) P cymene, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Mgcl2, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Cacl2 2h2o, by Avantor (1 mentions) Fecl3, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Lithium chloride (licl), by Carl Roth (1 mentions) Incl3, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Cacl2, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions) Nascn, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Mgcl2, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Nh4 2so4, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Magnesium chloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Milli q water purification system, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

8 protocols using potassium chloride (kcl)

Trace Metal Analysis with Electrochemistry

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The Cd(II) and Pb(II) standard stock solutions (1000 mg·L⁻¹) were supplied by Sharlab (Barcelona, Spain) and diluted as required. All solutions were prepared from ultra-pure water (18.2 MΩ·cm) obtained from a Wasserlab Ultramatic system (Navarra de Tratamiento de Agua S.L., Pamplona, Spain). Hyperpure grade HCl, supplied by Panreac (Barcelona, Spain), was used to prepare a 10⁻² M solution that was used to adjust the samples to pH 2. Acetic/acetate buffer solution (10⁻² M) made from HPLC grade acetic acid (Panreac) and sodium acetate (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) was used for pH 4.5 and pH 5.5 adjustment of the multielement solutions. All the material used was properly washed by immersion in a 10% sub-boiled HNO₃ solution for one week. The sub-boiled HNO₃ was obtained from a quartz sub-boiling system (Kürner, Rosenheim, Germany). All the measurements were carried out after adjusting Cl⁻ to 4·10⁻² M by KCl (Chem-Lab, Fisher, UK), for better performance of the Ag strip pseudoreference electrode. To protect the working electrode, an ethanol-diluted nafion perfluorinated solution (Fluka, St. Louis, MO, USA), was added to the surface.

Frutos-Puerto S., Miró C, & Pinilla-Gil E. (2019). Nafion-Protected Sputtered-Bismuth Screen-Printed Electrode for On-site Voltammetric Measurements of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in Natural Water Samples. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 19(2), 279.

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Cyanex® 923 Extraction Protocol

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Cyanex® 923 (90%) was obtained from Cytec Industries B.V. (Vlaardingen, Netherlands); HCl (37%), NaCl (>99.5%) and CsCl (>99%) were supplied by Fisher Scientific (Merelbeke, Belgium); LiCl (>99.5%) was obtained from Carl Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany); MgCl₂ (99%), FeCl₃ (98%), RbCl (>99.8) and p‐cymene (>99%) were purchased from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium); Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca and Fe standard solutions (1000 ± 10 mg∙L⁻¹), KCl (>99.5%) and tributyl‐n‐phosphate (TBP, >99%) were purchased from Chem‐Lab (Zedelgem, Belgium); CaCl₂·2H₂O (>99%) was purchased from VWR Chemicals (Leuven, Belgium); 1‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (99%) was purchased from IoLiTec (Heilbronn, Germany). Ultrapure water was used to prepare aqueous solutions. All chemicals were used as received, without any further purification.

Li Z, & Binnemans K. (2021). Opposite selectivities of tri‐n‐butyl phosphate and Cyanex 923 in solvent extraction of lithium and magnesium. Aiche Journal. American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 67(7), e17219.

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Salts Characterization Protocol

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Salts: The salts used were NaSCN (from Merck, > 98.5 %), (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 (from Merck, 99.5%), KCl (from Chem-Lab, 99.5 %), NaCl (from Fisher, 99.5%), CaCl 2 (from Panreac, 95 %), MgCl 2 (from Sigma, 99%), and InCl 3 (from Sigma, 98%). Additional information can be found in the Supplementary Information.

Madeira P.P., Freire M.G., & Coutinho J.A.P. (2020). The role of carboxyl groups upon the precipitation of albumin at low pH. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 319, 114206-114206.

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Preparation of Inorganic Standard Solutions

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Standards are prepared from sodium chloride (99.87%, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), potassium chloride (99.5+%, Chem-lab, Zedelgem, Belgium), magnesium chloride (98+%, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and calcium chloride (97+%, Sigma-Aldrich). MSA (>99.0%, Sigma-Aldrich) and sodium hydroxide (50% w/w aqueous solution, Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium) were purchased for mobile phase preparation. Water was purified by a Milli-Q water purification system from Millipore (Bedford, MA, USA). The oven (MR 170) was purchased from Heraeus (Hanau, Germany).
Glassware should be avoided for the preparation and storage of solutions and replaced by synthetic material.

Wen Z., Wolfs K., Van Schepdael A, & Adams E. (2022). Determination of Inorganic Ions in Parenteral Nutrition Solutions by Ion Chromatography. Molecules, 27(16), 5266.

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Quantification of Olanzapine and Chlorpromazine

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Analytical standards of olanzapine (OLA) and chlorpromazine (CPZ) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany); chlorpromazine N-oxide (CPZ-O) was purchased from Hangzhou Sage Chemical Co. Ltd (Hangzhou, China); olanzapine N-oxide (OLA-O) was acquired from TLC Pharma Chem Inc (Vaughan, Canada). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and methanol (MeOH) were from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium); Acetonitrile (ACN), ammonium acetate, triethylamine (TEA), sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid (37% w/w) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK); Ammonia solution 25% (w/w) and potassium chloride were obtained from Chem Lab NV (Zedelgem, Belgium); Calcium chloride and magnesium chloride were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Belgium); Glacial acetic acid was acquired from VWR chemicals (Fontenay-sous-Bois, France) and dihydrogen potassium phosphate from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). Ultrapure water was obtained using a Milli-Q apparatus from Millipore (Milford, MA, USA). A 691 pH meter (Metrohm, Antwerpen, Belgium) was used for pH adjustments. All reagents were of analytical grade or better.

Hendrickx S., Uğur D.Y., Yilmaz I.T., Şener E., Van Schepdael A., Adams E., Broeckhoven K, & Cabooter D. (2017). A sensitive capillary LC-UV method for the simultaneous analysis of olanzapine, chlorpromazine and their FMO-mediated N-oxidation products in brain microdialysates. Talanta, 162.

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LC-MS Analysis of Corticosteroids

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Acetonitrile (ACN) and water (HPLC grade) were purchased from VWR Chemicals (Radnor, USA), and Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany) respectively. For LC-MS analyses, water and ACN were both LC-MS gradient grade and provided by Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany).
Phosphate buffer saline (PBS) pH 7.4 was prepared by dissolving sodium chloride (8.0 g), sodium phosphate dibasic (1.44 g), and potassium phosphate monobasic (0.24 g), (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) and potassium chloride (0.20 g) (Chem-Lab nv, Zedelgem, Belgium) in 1 L of distilled water. Polyethylene glycol (PEG 200) obtained by Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany) and polysorbate 80 (tween 80) provided by ManisChemicals (Athens, Greece).
The dialysis tubing cellulose membrane (flat width 43 mm) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). The corticosteroids substances (Table 4) were United Stated Pharmacopeia—USP grade and were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany).

Tsanaktsidou E., Karavasili C., Zacharis C.K., Fatouros D.G, & Markopoulou C.K. (2020). Partial Least Square Model (PLS) as a Tool to Predict the Diffusion of Steroids Across Artificial Membranes. Molecules, 25(6), 1387.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

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All chemicals with analytical grade were used without further purification. Titanium (IV) isopropoxide (C₁₂H₂₈O₄Ti, ≥ 98%), potassium bromate (KBrO₃, ≥ 98%), potassium iodide (KI, ≥ 98%), benzoquinone (C₆H₄O₂, ≥ 98%), isopropyl alcohol (C₃H₈O, ≥ 98%), urea (CH₄N₂O, ≥ 98%), and absolute ethanol (C₂H₅OH, ≥ 99%) were purchased from Acros-Organics. Glacial acetic acid (CH₃COOH, ≥ 98%), 1, 5- Di-phenylcarbazide (C₁₃H₁₄N₄O, ≥ 98%), Triton X-100 (C₁₆H₂₆O₂, ≥ 99%), terpineol (C₁₀H₁₈O, ≥ 98%), and cellulose ethane (C₃₄H₆₆O₂₄, ≥ 99%) were all obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Methylene blue (C₁₆H₁₈C_lN₃S, ≥ 98%), sodium hydroxide (NaOH, ≥ 99%), and potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇, 98%) were supplied from Fluka, while Rhodamine B (C₂₈H₃₀N₂O₃, ≥ 98%), sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄, ≥ 99%), and 4-nitrophenol (C₆H₅NO₃, ≥ 98%) were obtained from Merck. Hydrochloric acid (HCl, 37%) and absolute acetone (C₃H₆O, ≥ 99%) were purchased from Riedel-de Haen. Potassium hydroxide (KOH, ≥ 99%), Nafion perfluorinated (C₇HF₁₃O₅S.C₂F₄, ≥ 98%), and potassium chloride (KCl, ≥ 99%) were obtained from Chem-Lab. The reference electrode Ag/AgCl with electrolyte concentration C_KCl = 3 mol/L was supplied from Metrohm. Finally, microscope slides were purchased from Fisher Scientific, while deionized (DI) water was used throughout.

Falara P.P., Ibrahim I., Zourou A., Sygellou L., Sanchez D.E., Romanos G.E., Givalou L., Antoniadou M., Arfanis M.K., Han C., Terrones M, & Kordatos K.V. (2023). Bi-functional photocatalytic heterostructures combining titania thin films with carbon quantum dots (C-QDs/TiO2) for effective elimination of water pollutants. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 30(60), 124976-124991.

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Solvent-free Carbohydrate Modification

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Cholinium chloride ([Ch]Cl) (≥99% purity), furfural (≥99 % purity) and sodium iodide (NaI, 99% purtiy) were supplied by Sigma (Ronkonkoma, NY, USA). DL-Malic acid (MA, 99.5% purity) was obtained from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain) was obtained from Acros Organics (USA). Commercial beechwood xylan (9.39 wt.% humidity) was purchased from Apollo Scientific (Stockport, UK). Sodium chloride (NaCl, 99.5% purity) and sodium bromide (NaBr, 99% purity) were purchased from Fluka, Charlotte, NC, USA. Lithium Chloride (LiCl, 99% purity) gas attained from Merk and lithium bromide (LiBr, 99% purity) was attained from BDH Chemicals, Dubai, UAE. Potassium iodide (KI, 99.7 % purity) was purchased from Normapur (Radnor, PA, USA) and potassium chloride (KCl, 99.5% purity) was purchased from Chem Lab (Zedelgem, Belgium).

Morais E.S., Freire M.G., Freire C.S, & Silvestre A.J. (2021). Enhanced Furfural Production in Deep Eutectic Solvents Comprising Alkali Metal Halides as Additives. Molecules, 26(23), 7374.

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