Glutaraldehyde in 0.1 m sodium cacodylate buffer solution

Low MW chitosan (MW: 50,000–190,000 kDa) with a DD of 85%, potassium chloride (ACS reagent 99%), sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP), acetic acid (99.7%), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC - MW: 90,000), hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), and cell proliferation reagent WST-1 (Roche diagnostic) were all purchased from Sigma Aldrich Chemicals (St. Louis, MO, USA). Calcium phosphate tribasic (CaP) and calcium chloride dehydrate were obtained from Fisher Scientific (USA). Alpha minimum essential media (α-MEM), Fetal Bovine serum (FBS), phosphate buffered saline (PBS), Dulbecco’s phosphate buffered saline (DPBS), and penicillin/streptomycin were purchased from Gibco, life technologies (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Live/Dead cell viability/cytotoxicity kit was purchased from the Invitrogen (USA). 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer solution was purchased from electron microscopy sciences (Hatfield, PA, USA).

Polycaprolactone (PCL) (MW: 50000kDa) was purchased from Allevi (Philadelphia, PA, USA). Graphene Oxide (GO) powder (15-20 sheets), chloroform (99.8% ACS reagent), hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), β- glycerol phosphate disodium salt pentahydrate, L-ascorbic acid, and cell proliferation reagent WST-1 (Roche diagnostic) were all purchased from Sigma Aldrich Chemicals (St. Louis, MO, USA). Alpha minimum essential media (α-MEM), Fetal Bovine serum (FBS), phosphate buffered saline (PBS), Dulbecco’s phosphate buffered saline (DPBS), and penicillin/streptomycin were purchased from Gibco, life technologies (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Live/Dead cell viability/cytotoxicity kit was purchased from the Invitrogen (USA). 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M sodium cacodylate buffer solution was purchased from electron microscopy sciences (Hatfield, PA, USA). Alkaline phosphate (ALP) assay kit was purchased from Biovision Incorporated (Milpitas, CA, USA).