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9 protocols using excalibur software

1

High-Resolution Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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The high-resolution electrospray experiments were carried out using the Exploris 120 high-resolution mass spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, San José, CA, USA) equipped with heated electrospray ionization (H-ESI II) probe and an Orbitrap analyzer; the mass spectrometer was hyphenated with a Vanquish system consisting of HPLC pump and autosampler (Thermo Fisher Scientific, San José, CA, USA). Solutions coming from the purified fractions were injected into the HPLC-HR-ESI-MS system using the following conditions: spray voltage: 3.5 kV, (−4.0 kV in negative mode); sheath gas, aux gas and sweep gas 50, 10, 1 a.u., respectively; ion transfer tube temperature: 310 °C; vaporizer temperature 320 °C; the scan range was set in the range 500–1000 m/z, while the RF lens was set to 70% of the maximum value and the orbitrap resolution was set 60,000. MS2 experiments were performed in data-dependent mode targeting the exact masses of protonated molecule [M + H]+ (m/z 741.2240) and deprotonated molecule [M − H] (m/z 739.2086) at 60,000 resolution. The system was calibrated externally to a maximum error of 2 ppm. The scan range was automatically set, while the collision energy was set to 10% and 30% of the maximum value in positive and negative mode, respectively. The molecular formulae were evaluated by Excalibur software (Thermo Fisher Scientific, San José, CA, USA).
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2

Cellular Metabolic Assessment via MTS and Seahorse

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Oxidative capacity was measured via the the MTS assay after 2h incubation (Promega). To measure basal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) 80,000 cells/well were incubated for 24 h at 37°C in 5% CO2 with XF assay media. To establish OCR and ECAR values, four readings were acquired per experiment (Seahorse Bioscience). Culture media pH was measured using a pH meter (Hanna instrument). For lactate measurements, lactate was extracted from the media after 5 days culture and TSQ Vantage mass spectrometer (Thermo). The parental ion mass followed on a negative mode was 89.0244 Da. For quantification extracted ions chromatograms for the parental ion were obtained and the area under the curve was measured using Excalibur software (version 2, Thermo Fisher Scientific).
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3

Preprocessing for Relative Quantification of LC-MS/MS Data

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Raw data files produced in Excalibur software (Thermo Scientific) were processed using Proteome Discoverer, version 1.3 (Thermo Scientific) to determine peptide identification; the subsequent Mascot (version 2.3; available at: http://www.matrixscience.com) output file was used for additional preprocessing and analysis (see Supplemental Methods 5a, available online). A script was written in R to complete the preprocessing, taking into account the experimental setup described (available at: http://github.com/KHP-Informatics/PRQ). We named the script Preprocessing for Relative Quantification of LC-MS/MS data (PRQ; see Supplemental Methods–PRQ, available online). PRQ (1) performs median ratio normalization [35] (link), (2) calculates ratios for each peptide, (3) derives protein level data from peptide scores, and (4) collects the protein scores across all TMT6Plexs.
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4

Protein Identification Using Excalibur and Mascot

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Raw data files produced in Excalibur software (Thermo Scientific) were processed using Proteome Discoverer V1.3 (Thermo Scientific) and peptide spectral matches and subsequent protein identifications were determined using Mascot (v2.3; http://www.matrixscience.com).
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5

Oxidative Capacity Measurement Protocol

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Oxidative capacity was measured via the MTS assay after 2 h of incubation (Promega, Madison, WI, USA). To measure basal OCR and ECAR, 80 000 cells per well were incubated for 24 h at 37 °C in 5% CO2 with XF assay media (Agilent technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). To establish OCR and ECAR values, four readings were acquired per experiment (Seahorse Bioscience, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Culture media pH was measured using a pH meter (Hanna Instrument). For lactate measurements, lactate was extracted from the media after 5 days of culture and subsequently analyzed by TSQ Vantage mass spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). The parental ion mass followed on a negative mode was 89.0244 Da. For quantification extracted ions chromatograms for the parental ion were obtained and the area under the curve was measured using Excalibur software (version 2, Thermo Fisher Scientific).
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6

HPLC Analysis of Phenolic Compounds

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Phenolic compounds were analysed on an HPLC system (Thermo Finnigan Surveyor, Thermo Scientific, San Jose, CA, USA) equipped with a DAD detector set (280, 350, and 530 nm) following the procedure of Mikulic-Petkovsek et al. [61 (link)]. A Gemini C18 (Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA) column (150 × 4.6 mm i.d., 3 μm) was used at 25 °C. The samples were eluted with aqueous 0.1% formic acid and 3% acetonitrile in double-distilled water (A) and 0.1% formic acid/3% double-distilled water in acetonitrile (B) according to linear gradients reported by Wang et al. [63 (link)]. The Excalibur software was used for spectral data analyses (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). All phenolic compounds were identified using a mass spectrometer Thermo Finnigan LCQ Deca XP Mass (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) with an electrospray interface (ESI) operating in negative and positive ion modes, performing analyses under the same conditions as reported by Mikulic-Petkovsek et al. [64 (link)]. Identification of the phenolic compounds was established based on their retention times and their PDA spectra in comparison with standard phenolics and based on fragmentation patterns in different MSn modes compared with literature data. Contents of phenolics were expressed in mg/g dry weight (DW) of plant material. All analyses were performed in triplicate.
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7

Metabolomics Molecular Networking Analysis

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MS and MS/MS raw data obtained via the Excalibur Software (Thermo) were converted to a 32-bit mzXML file using MSconvert software (Proteo Wizard toolkit [20 (link)]). mzXML files were subjected to the Global Natural Product Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) site (https://gnps.ucsd.edu) as described in [21 (link)]. For the parent MS, the mass tolerance was set to 0.01 Da and for the MS/MS fragment ions, the mass tolerance was set to 0.5 Da, while the minimum cosine score was set to 0.7. The data were clustered using MSCluster with a minimum cluster size of four spectra. The spectra in the network were also searched against GNPS spectral libraries. A minimum score of 0.5 was set for spectral library search, with at least two fragment peaks matching. Cytoscape 3.7.1 was used for visualization of the generated molecular networks [22 (link),23 (link)]. The edge thickness was set to represent the cosine score, with thicker lines indicating higher similarity between nodes. The Molecular Networking job in GNPS can be found at https://gnps.ucsd.edu/ProteoSAFe/status.jsp?task=84ea45db68814c94a3b2bad9c26dd807.
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8

HPLC-MS/MS Analytical Protocol for Quantification

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For the analysis a Surveyor ® Autosampler Plus with a quaternary MSpump plus and degasser (ThermoFischer, Breda, The Netherlands) as a chromatographic system were used. A TSQ Quantum-Access ® triplequad mass spectrometer (ThermoFischer, Breda, the Netherlands) with an electrospray ionization interface combined with Excalibur ® software (version 2.2SP1) was used for detection and quantification.
Chromatographic separation was performed on a HyPURITY ® C 18 analytical column (50 × 2.1 mm, 3 μm, Thermo Fischer Scientific) combined with a drop-in guard (HyPURITY ® C 18 , 10 × 2.1 mm, 3 μm).
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9

Analytical Quantification of Arbutin

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Excalibur software (ver. 2.1, Thermo Scientific, San Jose, CA, USA) was used for data acquisition and chromatographic data analysis. Microsoft Office Excel 2007 was used for statistical calculations. Comparison of the amount of arbutin in the samples collected on two localities (the islands of Koločep and Mali Lošinj) was performed by one-tailed paired t-test. Linear regression analysis using the least squares method was used to evaluate the calibration curve of analytes. Data are expressed as mean±SD (standard deviation of average value).
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