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32 protocols using clone 37

1

Cytokine Production by T Cells in Response to Allergen Stimulation

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8 × 105 cells derived from spleen were cultured (200 μl/well) in U-bottom culture plates (Greiner, Frickenhausen, Germany) using RPMI 1640 medium (Lonza, Verviers, Belgium) with 10% FCS, penicillin (100 U/ml)/streptomycin (100 μg/ml) (Sigma). All cells were stimulated with culture medium as a negative control, a polyclonal stimulation with anti-CD3/CD28 (1 μg/ml, clone 145-2C11 and clone 37.51, eBioscience) or allergen-specific stimulation with PE (100 μg/ml). Interleukin (IL)-5, IL-10, IL-13 and Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production by T cells were determined after 48 h (anti-CD3/CD28) or 96 h (PE) incubation. Culture supernatants were collected and stored at − 20 °C until further analysis with the Ready-SET-Go!® ELISA (eBioscience) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
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2

Murine CD4+ T cell differentiation

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Single cell suspensions were prepared from the lymph node and spleen of C57BL/6 mice and CD4+ T cells were isolated using the CD4+ T Cell Isolation Kit (130-104-454, Miltenyi Biotec). Cells were cultured in RPMI medium supplemented with 10% FBS, 50 μM 2-mercaptoethanol and 10,000 U/ml penicillin/streptomycin. Cells were activated with plate-bound anti-mouse CD3 (5 μg/ml; clone 145-2C11), and soluble anti-mouse CD28 (2 μg/ml; clone 37.51, eBioscience) in RPMI for four days in the following differentiation media:-
(a) for Th1 - 10 ng/ml IL-12 (200–12), 10 ng/ml IL-2, 5 µg/ml anti-IL-4 (504122, BioLegend);
(b) for Th17 - 50 ng/ml IL-6 (216–16), 10 ng/ml IL-1β (211-11B), 10 ng/ml IL-23 (200–23), 5 ng/ml TGF-β (100–21), 5 µg/ml anti-IL-4, 5 µg/ml anti-IFN-γ (505834, BioLegend);
(c) for Tregs - 10 ng/mL IL-2 (200-02, PeproTech) and 10 ng/mL TGF-β DMSO or the indicated concentration of PQS was added from day 1 of stimulation and cell populations were analysed by FACS after 4 days
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3

Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation

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CD4+ T cells from C57BL/6 mice were cultured in Iscove’s modified Dulbecco’s medium with KnockOut Serum Replacement (both from Invitrogen) for 5 days in the presence of TH1 [IL-12 (12 ng/ml) and anti–IL-4 (10 μg/ml)] or TH17 [TGF-β (3 ng/ml), IL-6 (30 ng/ml), IL-1β (10 ng/ml), IL-23 (10 ng/ml), anti–IL-4 (10 μg/ml), and anti–IFN-γ (10 μg/ml)] conditions and anti-mouse CD3 (1.0 μg/ml; clone 145-2C11, eBioscience) and anti-mouse CD28 (0.5 μg/ml; clone 37.51, eBioscience). Mouse BALB/cAnNcrl CD4+ T cells were cultured in TH2 [IL-4 (40 ng/ml) and anti–IFN-γ (10 μg/ml)] conditions in RPMI 1640. Neutralizing antibodies were supplied from BioLegend. All cytokines were supplied by PeproTech, except IL-23 (R&D Systems). All mice were obtained from Harlan UK. Secreted cytokines were measured using the MSD platform according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
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4

Isolation and Activation of Murine Immune Cells

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The WT, PTENflox, PTENM−KO, β-cateninflox, and β-cateninM−KO mice were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (100 mg/kg, i.p.), and then Bio-Gel elicited peritoneal macrophages were isolated as described previously (22 (link)). The macrophages were cultured in medium (Invitrogen) supplemented with 10% FBS, 100 μg/ml of penicillin/streptomycin (Life Technologies; Grand Island, NY). The peripheral blood or spleen T cells were purified using the EasySep™ mouse T cell isolation kit (STEMCELL Technologies, Vancouver, BC, Canada) according to the manufacturer's instructions. T cells were then stimulated with anti-CD3 (1 μg/ml, Clone 145-2C11) and anti-CD28 (2 μg/ml, Clone 37.51) (eBioscience).
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5

Stimulation and IL-4 Secretion Assay for γδ T Cells

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Ninety-six-well plates (Nunc) were coated overnight with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) anti-CD3 (1 µg/ml, clone 17A2, unlabeled, in-house produced by rat hybridoma cell lines) and CD28 (1 µg/ml, clone 37.51, unlabeled, purchased from eBioscience) to stimulate γδ T cells. Single-cell suspensions of PPs were obtained like previously described. Then 4×106 cells/ml were resuspended in RMPI 1640 (10% FCS, 1% Pen/Strep, 1% L-Glutamine) and incubated at 37°C for 2 h. After stimulation, antibodies for surface staining were added for 30 min on ice together with anti-FcR antibodies (clone 2.4 G2) and live/dead cell discrimination agent (Zombie Aqua Fixable Viability Kit, BioLegend). Next, IL-4 secretion assay (Miltenyi Biotec) was performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Briefly, cells were incubated for 5 min with IL-4 catch antibodies on ice and afterwards for further 45 min at 37°C to secrete IL-4. The secreted IL-4 was then detected with PE-labeled IL-4 detection antibodies for 10 min on ice. After washing, cells were acquired and data analysis was performed using Flowjo software (Version: 10.1, Three Star). Gating strategy and FMO control of IL-4 are shown in Supplementary Figure 1A.
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6

Polarization of Naive CD8+ T Cells

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Splenic naïve CD8+ T cells were purified by using Naive CD8a+ T Cell Isolation Kit, mouse (Miltenyi Biotec) following the manufacturers protocol, and polarized in vitro toward differentiated Tc1 and Tc2. In brief, naive cells were seeded into anti-CD3e (2 μg/ml, clone 145-2C11, eBioscience) and anti-CD28 (5 μg/ml, clone 37.51, eBioscience) coated plates. The medium contained the following cytokines and/or antibodies:
Tc1 subtype: recombinant murine IL2 (10 ng/ml, R&D Systems), recombinant murine IL12 (10 ng/ml, R&D Systems) and neutralizing anti-IL4 (10 μg/ml, clone 11B11, eBioscience). Tc2 subtype: recombinant murine IL2 (10 ng/ml, R&D Systems), recombinant murine IL-4 (10 ng/ml, R&D Systems) and neutralizing anti-IFNg (10 μg/ml, clone XMG1.2, eBioscience).
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7

Antigen-specific T cell activation

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WT, BLT1−/− and CXCR3−/− mice were immunized with Trp2 peptide and OX-86 adjuvant s.c. to obtain antigen specific responses. 7 days later mice were sacrificed and spleen and draining lymph nodes were harvested. Pooled cells were activated for 5 days in U-bottom 96 well plates coated with anti-mouse CD3e Ab (2µg/ml, clone 145-2C11, BD Biosciences) and anti-mouse CD28 (2µg/ml, Clone 37.51, eBiosciences) in complete media for 48 hrs and maintained in rhIL-2 (20ng/ml, Peprotech) for 5 days. The cells were then used for chemotaxis assays or for BLT1 and CXCR3 staining using flow cytometry.
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8

Isolation and Activation of Murine Naive CD4+ T Cells

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Naive CD4+ T cells were purified from the dissociated spleens and lymph nodes of C57BL/6N mice by fluorescence-associated cell sorting (FACS) (CD4+CD62LhiCD44lo 572). Purified cells were cultured under TH0 condition stimulated with anti-CD3e (5 μg/mL, clone 145– 2C11, eBioscience), anti-CD28 (5 μg/mL, clone 37.51, eBioscience), and human IL-2 (100 U/mL, Peprotech). Bile acids were added on day 0. IsoalloLCA dissolved in DMSO was resuspended in culture media and sonicated before being added to the culture. Cells were harvested at 72 hours followed by staining with anti-CD4 (RM4–5, eBioscience) or anti-Foxp3 (FJK-16s, 580 eBioscience) antibodies, and analyzed with LSR II flow cytometer (BD).
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9

Differentiation of Naive CD4+ T Cells

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Naïve CD4+ T cells were isolated from the spleens of WT mice or AhR-/- mice using the Naive CD4+ T-cell isolation kit (Miltenyi Biotech, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany). For Treg cell polarization, naive CD4+ T cells were stimulated with immobilized anti-CD3 mAb (2 μg/mL, clone145-2G1, eBioscience) and soluble anti-CD28 mAb (1 μg/mL, clone37.51, eBioscience) supplemented with human TGF-β1 (2.5 ng/mL, R&D Systems) and mouse IL2 (10 ng/mL, R&D Systems) with the indicated concentration of mesalamine for 3 days. For Th1 or Th17 cell polarization, naive CD4+ T cells were stimulated with immobilized anti-CD3 mAb and soluble anti-CD28 mAb for Th0; with recombinant mouse IL12 (10 ng/mL, R&D Systems) plus anti-IL4 mAb (10 μg/mL, clone11B11, eBioscience) for Th1; and with human TGF-β1, mouse IL6 (30 ng/mL, R&D Systems), anti-IL4 mAb, and anti-IFN-γ mAb (10 μg/mL, cloneXMG1.2, eBioscience) for Th17, with the indicated concentration of mesalamine, for 3 days.
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10

NKT cell activation by α-GalCer

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Freshly isolated IECs, MODE-K cells30 (link), and CD11c-magnetic-bead-purified (Miltenyi Biotec) splenic dendritic cells were incubated with 100 ng ml−1 α-GalCer for 4 h, washed three times with PBS, and aliquoted into 96-well plates at 1 × 105 cells per well. NKT-cell hybridomas (24.7, DN32.D3 and 14S.6 (ref. 31 (link))) were added at a 1:1 ratio. Where indicated, soluble, stimulatory CD28 antibody was added (1 μg ml−1; clone 37.51; eBioscience). In addition, where indicated, cells were transfected with expression plasmids or siRNA 24 h and 72 h, respectively, before co-culture with NKT cells. Mouse IL-2, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13 and IL-1β production were assessed by ELISA (OptEIA; BD Biosciences) in supernatants after 24 h of co-culture.
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