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6 protocols using anti human cd28 cd28.2

1

T Cell Activation Signaling Pathway

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The anti-Fas (IgM) antibody, anti-phospho-LAT-Tyr226, and rabbit polyclonal anti-human LAT were from Merck-Millipore; anti-PLC-γ1 mAb, anti-Lck, and anti-Erk were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA); antibodies binding phospho-Erk, phospho-PLC-γ1-Tyr783, phospho-ZAP70-Tyr319, phospho-MEK-Ser221, phospho-LAT-Tyr191, and anti-MEK were from Cell Signaling Technology; anti-6His-HRP, anti-Grb2, and anti-phospho-LAT-Tyr132 antibodies were from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA); and anti-CD69-APC (allophycocyanin) and anti-β-actin monoclonal antibodies were from Biolegend. The protein synthesis inhibitor cicloheximide was purchased from Merck-Millipore. Stimulations were performed with anti-human CD3 (OKT3; eBioscience) or anti-human CD28 (CD28.2; BD Pharmingen) monoclonal antibodies.
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2

Cytokine-Induced Differentiation of CD4+ T Cells

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Isolated CD4+ T cells were cultured in RPMI medium 1640 (Gibco) containing 10% FCS (Pan Biotech) and 1% penicillin/streptocmycin (Biochrom) for 3 days in the presence of recombinant interleukin (IL) 6 (20 ng/mL Immunotools), IL-7 (10 ng/mL, Immunotools), IL-9 (10 ng/mL, Immunotools), IL-13 (25 ng/mL, Immunotools), IL-21 (10 ng/mL, Immunotools), IL-33 (10 ng/mL, Biolegend), TGF-ß1 (20 ng/mL, R&D Systems), butyric acid (Roth), propionic acid (Roth), isobutyric acid (abcr), formic acid (Merck) or medium alone. Cells were stimulated with anti-human CD3 (OKT3, eBioscience) and anti-human CD28 (CD28.2, BD Pharmingen) at a final concentration of 1 μg/mL.
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3

Isolation and Expansion of CD4+ Treg Cells

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We obtained peripheral blood samples from 3 healthy donors and 3 prostate cancer patients. PBMCs were isolated by density gradient centrifugation with Ficoll-Paque (GE Healthcare). Human primary CD4+ CD25-T cells or CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells were purified using the CD4+ T Cell Isolation Kit (Miltenyi Biotec) and CD25 MicroBeads II (Miltenyi Biotec) (Figure S1). CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells were cultured with plate-bound anti-human-CD3 (OKT3; eBiosciences) antibodies (5 μg ml−1) and/or anti-human-CD28 (CD28.2; BD Pharmingen) antibodies (2 μg ml−1) in complete medium [RPMI supplemented with 10% FBS and IL-2 (Peprotech) (100 units ml−1)]. Then, CD4+ CD25+ CD127- Treg cells were enriched using flow cytometry (Figure S1). All cells were cultured at 37°C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2.
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4

T Cell Activation Protocol

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Unless otherwise stated, T cells were incubated in CM for 24 h before activation. Subsequently, T cells were distributed into 96-well round-bottom plates that were previously coated with 5 ug/ml anti-human CD3 (UCHT1; BD Biosciences, 555329) without changing the culture media. Next, 5 ug/ml anti-human CD28 (CD28.2; BD Biosciences, 555728) was added and cells were maintained for 48 h before downstream analyses were performed.
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5

T Cell Activation Protocol

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Unless otherwise stated, T cells were incubated in CM for 24 hours before activation. Subsequently, T cells were distributed into 96 well-round bottom plates that were previously coated with 5 ug/ml anti-human CD3 (UCHT1; BD Biosciences, 555329) without changing the culture media. Next, 5 ug/ml anti-human CD28 (CD28.2; BD Biosciences, 555728) was added and cells were maintained for 48h before downstream analyses were performed.
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6

Isolation and Stimulation of T Cell Subsets

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated by density gradient centrifugation with Pancoll (Pan Biotech). CD4 + or CD8 + cells were isolated with immunomagnetic beads (Miltenyi Biotec). Where indicated, cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium (Gibco) with 10 % FCS (Pan Biotech) and 1 % penicillin/streptomycin (Biochrom) or X-Vivo medium (Lonza) with 1 % penicillin/streptomycin and stimulated with precoated anti-human CD3 (OKT3, eBioscience) and 1 µg/mL anti-human CD28 (CD28.2, BD) antibodies.
Where indicated, cells were treated with the following recombinant human cytokines for 72 hours: IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7 (all from Immunotools), IL-9 (Peprotech), IL-12 (all 10 ng/mL), IFN-γ (100 ng/mL, both from Immunotools) and TGF-β (20 ng/mL, R&D Systems). Moreover, cells were treated with CCL-25 (Immunotools), retinoic acid (Cayman Chemical), butyric acid (Roth), isobutyric acid (abcr), formic acid (Merck) and propionic acid (Roth).
For some CCL-25 stimulation experiments, CD4 + CCR9 + and CD8 + CCR9 + cells were purified by FACS (FACS Aria, BD).
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