Aminoguanidine hydrochloride

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Aminoguanidine hydrochloride is a chemical compound that is used in various research and laboratory applications. It is a crystalline solid that is soluble in water and other polar solvents. Aminoguanidine hydrochloride is commonly used as a reagent in chemical synthesis, biochemical assays, and scientific research.

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Close spelling variants of this product

Aminoguanidine hydrochloride (AG) (6 citations) Aminoguanidine hydrochloride (396494) (4 citations) Aminoguanidine (106 citations) Hydrochlorides (2 citations)

33 protocols using aminoguanidine hydrochloride

Analysis of RNA Labeling Reagents

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The chemical reagents used in the study were as follows: deoxyadenosine 5′-triphosphate, [α-³³P] (NEG312H; NEN Research Products, PerkinElmer, Waltham, MS, USA); CaCl₂, NaCl, KCl (Merck, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA); aminoguanidine hydrochloride, Denhardt's solution, dithiothreitol, N-lauroylsarcosine, polyethylene glycol 300, β-mercaptoethanol, phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, S-adenosyl-methionine (Sigma, St Louis, MO, USA); MgCl₂ and (Riedel-deHaёn, Seelze, Germany); formamide (Amresco, Solon, OH, USA); RNA (Roche, Basel, Switzerland); and dextran sulphate (Amersham, Amersham, UK).

Rozov S.V., Porkka-Heiskanen T, & Panula P. (2015). On the Role of Histamine Receptors in the Regulation of Circadian Rhythms. PLoS ONE, 10(12), e0144694.

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Biochemical Assays for Antioxidant Activity

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Folin-Cioclateu’s phenol reagent, gallic acid, porcine pancreatic α-amylase (Type VI-B), rat intestinal acetone powder, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, bovine serum albumin (BSA, fraction V), amino guanidine hydrochloride (AG), guanidine hydrochloride, thioflavin T, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), and 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), delphinidin-3-glucoside (D3G) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), D-maltose, D-fructose, D-glucose, sucrose, and iron (II) sulfate were purchased from Ajax Finechem (Taren Point, Australia). Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, FR, Germany). A glucose liquid color kit was purchased from HUMAN Gesellschaft für Biochemica und Diagnostica mbH (Wiesbaden, Germany). Acarbose was purchased from Bayer AG Pharmaceutical (Berlin, Germany). Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) was obtained from PhytoLab GmbH & Co. KG (Vestenbergsgreuth, Germany). All other chemicals used in this study were analytical grade.

Aksornchu P., Chamnansilpa N., Adisakwattana S., Thilavech T., Choosak C., Marnpae M., Mäkynen K., Dahlan W, & Ngamukote S. (2020). Inhibitory Effect of Antidesma bunius Fruit Extract on Carbohydrate Digestive Enzymes Activity and Protein Glycation In Vitro. Antioxidants, 10(1), 32.

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Isolation of Plantago major Compounds

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Plantago major seeds were purchased from Ichimaru Pharcos Co., Ltd. (Gifu Japan). Plantagoside (5,7,4′,5′-tetrahydroxyflavanone-3′-O-glucoside) (1) and its aglycone (5,7,3′,4′,5′-pentahydroxyflavanone) (2) were isolated from a 50% ethanol extract of P. major seeds (Plantaginaceae). 5,7-Dihydroxy-3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyflavone (3), myricetin (5,7,3′,4′,5′-pentahydroxyflavonol) (6), and dihydromyricetin (5,7,3′,4′,5′-pentahydroxyflavanonol) (7) were purchased from Funakoshi Co., Ltd. (Japan). Aminoguanidine hydrochloride, N-α-acetyl-lysine, and N-α-acetyl-arginine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). Cell-matrix type I-C collagen was purchased from Asahi Techno Glass (Japan). All the other chemicals were purchased from Nakarai Tesque, Inc. (Japan).

Matsuura N., Aradate T., Kurosaka C., Ubukata M., Kittaka S., Nakaminami Y., Gamo K., Kojima H, & Ohara M. (2014). Potent Protein Glycation Inhibition of Plantagoside in Plantago major Seeds. BioMed Research International, 2014, 208539.

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Isolation and Processing of Lung and Liver Lymphocytes

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Lungs were harvested and diced into gentleMACS C Tubes (Miltenyi Biotec) and washed down with 3 ml of media [RPMI, 10 mM aminoguanidine hydrochloride (Sigma-Aldrich), 10 mM Hepes, penicillin-streptomycin-glutamine (100×, Gibco), 2-mercaptoethanol (50 μM, Gibco)] devoid of fetal calf serum (FCS) and EDTA prewarmed in a 37°C water bath. Digestion mix containing liberase (33.3 μg/ml; Roche, #05401020001) and deoxyribonuclease I (68 μg/ml; Applichem) was added. Lungs were dissociated on a gentleMACS Dissociator (Miltenyi Biotec) and placed in a shaking incubator at 37°C for 30 min. Lungs were dissociated again and mashed through 70-μm MACS SmartStrainers (Miltenyi Biotec). Red blood cells were lysed with 139.5 mM NH₄Cl and 17 mM tris-HCl (Erylysis buffer). For further processing, media containing 2% FCS and 1 mM EDTA were used. Mouse mediastinal LNs were harvested and mashed through a 100-μm Corning nylon cell strainer.
For LCMV-infected liver, perfusion with PBS was done till blood was removed. Organs were harvested and mashed through a 100-μm cell strainer in RPMI 1640 containing 10% FCS. Lymphocytes were purified on a 70%/40% Percoll gradient (Fisher Scientific). Purified lymphocytes were further processed for scRNA-seq as described previously (22 (link)).

Swarnalekha N., Schreiner D., Litzler L.C., Iftikhar S., Kirchmeier D., künzli M., Son Y.M., Sun J., Moreira E.A, & King C.G. (2021). T resident helper cells promote humoral responses in the lung. Science immunology, 6(55), eabb6808.

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Comprehensive Analytical Characterization of Food Compounds

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The ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) diammonium salt, potassium peroxodisulfate, 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine, Trolox^®, aminoguanidine hydrochloride, methylglyoxal solution, L-arginine, hexane, 5-hydroxymethyl-L-furfural, BHT (2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), (+)-catechin, rutin, quercetin, D-glucose, citric, L-ascorbic, oxalic, gallic and hydroxybenzoic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Switzerland). Acetone and trifluoroacetic acid were bought from Acros Organics (France). Methanol and acetonitrile were obtained from Fine Chemicals (Netherlands), ethyl acetate from Alfa Aesar (Germany). Acetic and sulfuric acids were from Thermo Scientific (Germany). Lycopene, β-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin were bought from Extrasynthèse (France) and absolute ethanol from Alcosuisse (Switzerland). Fructose and saccharose were obtained from Merck (Germany).
Folin and Ciocaulteu reagent, sodium dihydrogen phosphate mono-hydrate, di-sodium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous and sodium azide were purchased from Chempur (Poland), BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) from Pol-Aura (Poland). The pectinase Pectinex Ultra SP-L was obtained from Novozymes (Denmark).
Deionized water (Milli-Q purification system, BlancLabo, Switzerland) was used for chromatography.
All reagents used were of analytical grade or higher. All solvents were of HPLC grade.

Hendrysiak A., Brzezowska J., Nicolet N., Bocquel D., Andlauer W, & Michalska-Ciechanowska A. (2023). Juice Powders from Rosehip (Rosa canina L.): Physical, Chemical, and Antiglycation Properties. Molecules, 28(4), 1674.

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Glycation Inhibition and Antioxidant Assay

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Bovine serum albumin (BSA), D-fructose, D-ribose, methylglyoxal (MGO), L-alanine, aminoguanidine hydrochloride (AG), 1,2-phenylenediamine (PD), 2,3-dimethylquinoxaline (DQ), α-cyano-4-hydroxy-cinnamic acid, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), ascorbic acid, 2,2′-bipyridyl, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and iron (II) sulfate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). G.K. peptide was purchased from Bachem Americas, Inc. (Torrance, CA, USA) and all HPLC solvents were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Rockford, IL, USA).

Ma H., Liu W., Frost L., Kirschenbaum L.J., Dain J.A, & Seeram N.P. (2016). Glucitol-core containing gallotannins inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end-products mediated by their antioxidant potential. Food & function, 7(5), 2213-2222.

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Methylglyoxal-Induced Glycation Assay

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Aminoguanidine hydrochloride (AG), MGO (40% aqueous solution), bovine serum albumin (essentially fatty acid-free), acetic anhydride, pyridine, magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄), d-gluconolactone, N-acetyl-glycyl-lysine methyl ester acetate salt (G.K. peptide), d-ribose, d-glucose, sodium azide (NaN₃), sodium bicarbonate, methanol (MeOH), anhydrous acetone, prenyl bromide, potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃), Griess reagent system, and CS were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt (MTS) assay kit was purchased from Promega (Promega Co., Madison, WI, USA). All solvents and other reagents used in this study, unless otherwise specified, were analytical grade and purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Hwang S.H., Kim H.Y., Zuo G., Wang Z., Lee J.Y, & Lim S.S. (2018). Anti-glycation, Carbonyl Trapping and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Chrysin Derivatives. Molecules : A Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry, 23(7), 1752.

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Goitrin-Induced Inflammation Study

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Goitrin (purity > 98%) was provided by the Shanghai R and D Centre for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines (Shanghai, China). Lipopolysaccharides (LPS, Escherichia coli O111:B4) and Aminoguanidine Hydrochloride (AH) were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). TAK-242 was obtained from MedChemExpress. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C) LMW] was obtained from InvivoGen (Toulouse, France).

Ruan D., Yang J., Luo Q., Shi Y., Ding L., Wang Z., Wang R, & Yang L. (2023). The Protective Effects of Goitrin on LPS-Induced Septic Shock in C57BL/6J Mice via Caspase-11 Non-Canonical Inflammasome Inhibition. Molecules, 28(7), 2883.

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Evaluation of Antidiabetic Enzyme Inhibition

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d-(−)-fructose, soluble starch (p.a.), sodium azide (> 99%), potassium iodate (99.5%) were acquired from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Acarbose, aminoguanidine hydrochloride (AMG, ≥ 98%), bovine serum albumin (BSA, ≥ 98%), intestinal acetone powder from rat source of α-glucosidase, α-amylase from porcine pancreas (type VI-B), lipase (type II; from porcine pancreas), dl-glyceraldehyde (≥ 98%), β-mercaptoethanol (≥ 99%), sodium carbonate (100%), p-nitrophenyl-α-d-glucopyranoside (α-pNPG), p-nitrophenyl butyrate (pNPB), orlistat and d-(−)-ribose (≥ 99%) were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Human aldose reductase (HAR) was purchased from Prozomix (Northumberland, UK) and β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced tetrasodium salt hydrate (NADPH, ≥ 97%) from Calbiochem (San Diego, CA, USA). 1-Deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ; 95–99%) was obtained from Biopurify phytochemicals LTD (Chengdu, China). (+)-Catechin hydrated (> 99%) and quercetin dihydrate (> 99%) were acquired from Extrasynthese (Genay, France) and Riedel-de Haen, respectively.

Spínola V, & Castilho P.C. (2021). Assessing the In Vitro Inhibitory Effects on Key Enzymes Linked to Type-2 Diabetes and Obesity and Protein Glycation by Phenolic Compounds of Lauraceae Plant Species Endemic to the Laurisilva Forest. Molecules, 26(7), 2023.

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Biochemical Reagents and Solutions

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From Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA): NaHPO₄·7H₂O, NaH₂PO₄·2H₂O, NaOH, 6-aminocaproic acid, L-Arginine, Nitroblue tetrazolium, Ethilenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), glyoxal, Tween 20, fluorescamine, NaOH, HCl, trichloroacetic acid, glycine, thiobarbituric acid and aminoguanidine hydrochloride. 9,10-Phenanthrenequinone was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ultrapure water was obtained from a Barnstead EasyPure water filter system (Thermo Scientific, Dubuque, IA, USA) and it was used for the preparation of all solutions.

Ávila F., Ravello N., Manriquez C., Jiménez-Aspee F., Schmeda-Hirschmann G, & Theoduloz C. (2021). Antiglycating Effect of Phenolics from the Chilean Currant Ribes cucullatum under Thermal Treatment. Antioxidants, 10(5), 665.

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