2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6sulfonic acid) (ABTS), fluorescein, 2,2′-Azobis (2-methylpropion-amidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH), Trolox, gallic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, gentisic, 3-hydroxybenzoic, catechuic, vanillic, caffeic, chlorogenic, syringic, p-coumaric, o-coumaric, trans-ferulic, t-iso-ferulic, sinapinic, and cinnamic and ferulic acids were purchased from Sigma (Sigma-Aldrich Canada Ltd., Oakville, ON, Canada). All the chemicals and reagents used in the study are analytical grade.
Gentisic
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Canada
Gentisic is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Merck Group. It is designed to perform specific functions in the laboratory environment. The core function of Gentisic is to provide accurate and reliable measurements for research and analytical purposes.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Vanillic, by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Caffeic, by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Gallic, by Merck Group (7 mentions)
P coumaric, by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Syringic, by Merck Group (7 mentions)
Protocatechuic, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
Ferulic, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
Trolox, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
P hydroxybenzoic, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
O coumaric, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Salicylic, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Catechin, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Quercetin, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Rutin, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Epicatechin, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Kaempferol, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Chlorogenic, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
3 hydroxybenzoic, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sinapinic, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
2 2 azino bis 3 ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulfonic acid diammonium salt, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
8 protocols using gentisic
1
Antioxidant Activity Evaluation Protocol
2
Comprehensive Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties
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Ethanol, hexane, acetonitrile, sodium hydroxide, and hydrochloric acid were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Mississauga, ON, Canada). Suprapur formic acid (FA) was purchased from VWR (Mississauga, ON, Canada). 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), fluorescein, 2,2′-Azobis (2-methylpropion-amidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH), Trolox, gallic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, gentisic, 3-hydroxy-benzoic, vanillic, caffeic, syringic, p-coumaric, ferulic, sinapinic, and o-coumaric acids were purchased from Sigma (Sigma-Aldrich Canada Ltd., Oakville, ON, Canada). All the chemicals and reagents used in the study are of analytical grade. The nano pure water was obtained from Milli-Q integral water purification system (Millipore (Canada) Ltd., Etobicoke, ON, Canada).
3
Quantification of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity
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Standards of gallic, protocatechuic, gentisic, 4-OH-benzoic, vanillic, caffeic, syringic, p-coumaric, ferulic, salicylic, veratric, synapic, 3-OH-cinnamic, rosmarinic acid and Trolox, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•), ascorbic acid were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich Fine Chemicals (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ethanol, methanol and the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent were from POCH (Gliwice, Poland). All the chemicals were of analytical grade. LC grade methanol (MeOH) was purchased from J.T. Baker (Phillipsburg, USA). LC grade water was prepared using a Millipore Direct-Q3 purification system (Bedford, MA, USA). All colorimetric measurements were conducted on 96-well transparent microplates (Nunclon, Nunc, Roskilde, Denmark) using an Elisa Reader Infinite Pro 200F (Tecan Group Ltd., Männedorf, Switzerland).
4
Phenolic Compound Extraction and Analysis
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Methanol, water and acetonitrile (HPLC grade), 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 2,4,6-Tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), gallic, α-resorcylic, tyrosol, gentisic, p-hydroybenzoic, 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic, m-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, salicylic, syringic, homovanillic, p-coumaric, m-coumaric, o-coumaric, ferulic, sinapic, caffeic, and chlorogenic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other chemicals used were of analytical grade.
5
Analytical Characterization of Phenolic Compounds
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Methanol, water, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile (HPLC grade), orthophosphoric acid, citric acid, sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, Folin–Ciocalteu’s phenol reagent, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 2,4,6tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), gallic, α-resorcylic, tyrosol, gentisic, p-hydroybenzoic, 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic, m-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, salicylic, syringic, homovanillic, p-coumaric, m-coumaric, o-coumaric, ferulic, sinapic, caffeic, and chlorogenic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other chemicals used were of analytical grade.
6
Quantification of Phenolic Compounds
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Gallic, homogentisic, protocatechuic, caftaric, gentisic, vanillic, caffeic, syringic, ferulic, and p-coumaric acids, and (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, ethyl gallate, resveratrol, rutin, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol and apigenin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Pure stock standard solutions of each phenolic acid were prepared at 5000 mg L -1 in methanol (UHPLC-Supergradient, Panreac ApplyChem, Castellar del Vallès) and stock standard solutions of resveratrol and flavonoids were prepared at 1000 mg L -1 in dimethyl sulfoxide (for analysis, 99.9%, Panreac ApplyChem). Formic acid (>96%, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), methanol and water (Elix3, Millipore, Bedford, MA) were the components of the mobile phase used in the chromatographic method. Working standard solutions consisting of a mixture of analytes at concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 20 mg L -1 were prepared in methanol:water (1:1, v:v) as the solvent. These standard solutions were stored at 4 • C in the refrigerator for no more than 1 week.
7
Comprehensive Polyphenol Profiling and Antioxidant Evaluation
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Standards (HPLC-grade, ≥98%) of quercetin (QUE), kaempferol (KAE), rutin (RUT), catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), gallocatechin gallate (GCG), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), gallocatechin (GC), epigallocatechin (EGC), trans-resveratrol (RES), aesculin (ASC), and phenolic acids (gallic (GaA), protocatechuic (PrA), p-hydroxybenzoic (HbA), gentisic (GeA), ellagic (ElA), chlorogenic (ChA), caffeic (CaA), pcoumaric (CoA), and ferulic acids (FeA), as well as Trolox were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was obtained from Fluka AG (Buch, Switzerland). Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, acetonitrile (MS grade), formic acid (MS grade), methanol (HPLC grade), sodium carbonate, nitric acid, and hydrogen peroxide, were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Standard solutions and dilutions were prepared using ultrapure water (TKA Germany MicroPure water purification system, 0.055 μS/cm). Syringe filters (13 mm, PTFE membrane 0.45 μm) were purchased from Supelco (Bellefonte, PA, USA).
8
Analytical Protocol for Polyphenol Quantification
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Unless specified, analytical grade reagents were used. The mobile phase was prepared with Milli-Q water (Millipore, Milford, MA), formic acid [99% (w/w), Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), and methanol (MeOH; Ultra-HPLC Supergradient; PanReac AppliChem, Barcelona, Spain). Polyphenols, including gallic, homogentisic, protocatechuic, caftaric, gentisic, vanillic, caffeic, syringic, ferulic, and coumaric acids, and (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, ethyl gallate, resveratrol, rutin, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, and apigenin, were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Stock standard solutions of each polyphenol were prepared in MeOH at a concentration of 1 mg/mL.
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