Equinox 55 spectrometer

Tensile test was performed on the pristine PET fiber and functionalized PET fibers in NaOH solution and GAP/UV irradiation according to the ASTM-D2256 standard at a test speed of 10 mm/min. H-pull test of PET cords from NBR rubber was performed according to ASTM-D4776 standard at ambient temperature with a pulling speed of 120 mm/min. Adhesion of the pristine, functionalized and silanized PET fabrics to NBR were evaluated by T-peel adhesion test according to ASTM D 413 standard at ambient temperature with a separation speed of 50 mm/min.
Attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) was carried out on the PET fabrics before and after treatments by Bruker EQUINOX 55 spectrometer. The surface of the treated and untreated fabrics was studied using a TESCAN-Mira III Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) device. Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) was performed with METTLER-TOLEDO analyzer at a heating rate of 10 °C/min under airflow from 50 to 600 °C.

The UV-vis spectra of the FL-MoS₂ suspensions were recorded on a UV-1800PC spectrometer (Shanghai Mapada), and a quartz cell with a path length of 1.0 cm was used as the sample pool. The SEM images were obtained using a JEOL JSM-7500F scanning electron microscope, with an Au film coating (20 mA for 50 s) before SEM observation. The TEM images were measured using a field-emission transmission electron microscope (JEOL, JEM-2100) with an accelerating voltage of 200 kV. The Raman spectra were obtained using a Raman spectrometer (LabRAM HR Evolution, HORIBA JobinYvon, France) at 525 nm, and the powder samples were prepared on a SiO₂/Si substrate. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were recorded on an XD-3 X-ray diffractometer (Beijing Purkinje General Instrument Co., Ltd., China) with a Cu Kα irradiation (λ = 0.15406 nm). The Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectra were recorded on a Bruker-Equinox 55 spectrometer in a transmittance mode in a wavenumber range of 4000 to 400 cm⁻¹. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurement was performed on a Bruker NanoScope V instrument in a tapping mode. The N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherms were obtained on a Surface Area and Porosity Analyzer (ASAP 2460, Micromeritics).

Spectra of crystalline and amorphous forms of VAR were obtained with IR grade KBr in the ratio of 1:100, and corresponding pellets with excipients were prepared in the hydraulic press by applying 8-metric-ton of pressure. The spectra were recorded at the range 400 and 4000 cm⁻¹, with an FT–IR Bruker Equinox 55 spectrometer (Bruker, Bermen, Germany) equipped with a Bruker Hyperion 1000 microscope (Bruker, Bermen, Germany). Quantum chemical calculations based on DFT were carried out to study changes in positions and intensity in experimental FT–IR spectra for studied forms of VAR. The calculations were made using the Gaussian 03 package (Wallingford, CT, USA).

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) spectroscopy was performed using an AVANCE 500 spectrometer (Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA), standardized to 2.50 ppm with DMSO-d₆. Attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectra were measured using an Equinox-55 spectrometer (Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA) equipped with a deuterated triglycine sulfate (DTGS) detector and the corresponding software OPUS.

The obtained scaffolds were lyophilized and subsequently sectioned to examine the micro- and nanostructure of the composite material as well as the NPs distribution by means of FESEM. For this analysis, samples were freeze-dried for 24 h, then sputter-coated with platinum and examined at 1.5 kV and 3 kV. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflectance mode (ATR-FTIR) was performed to assess the effective NPs incorporation and confirm the chemical composition of the composite material. The physico-chemical assessment of the hybrid scaffolds was conducted on both crosslinked and non-crosslinked samples after freezing at −20 °C and lyophilization for 24 h. ATR-FTIR spectra were collected between 4000 and 600 cm⁻¹ at 4 cm⁻¹ resolution using 32 scans using an Equinox 55 spectrometer (Bruker, Ettlingen, Germany) equipped with an MCT cryodetector and ATR accessory. The spectra were reported after background subtraction, baseline correction and smoothing (11 points) using OPUS software (Bruker, Ettlingen, Germany).