Gpr41

Manufactured by Santa Cruz Biotechnology

Sourced in China

GPR41 is a laboratory product offered by Santa Cruz Biotechnology. It is a G protein-coupled receptor that functions as a sensor for short-chain fatty acids.

Automatically generated - may contain errors

Lab products found in correlation

Olr59, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Gpr43, by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (2 mentions) Pierce bca protein assay kit, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) α sma, by Beyotime (1 mentions) 4 6 diamidino 2 phenylindole (dapi), by Beyotime (1 mentions) β actin, by Bioworld Technology (1 mentions) Pgc 1α, by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (1 mentions) P ampkα1 2, by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (1 mentions) Cpt 1b, by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (1 mentions) Hdac1, by Bioworld Technology (1 mentions) Gapdh, by Bioworld Technology (1 mentions) Sabc kit, by Boster Bio (1 mentions) Triton x 100, by Solarbio (1 mentions) Gpr109a, by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (1 mentions) Confocal microscope, by Nikon (1 mentions) Enhanced chemiluminescence detection reagent, by Advansta (1 mentions) Ripa lysis buffer, by Beyotime (1 mentions) β actin, by Proteintech (1 mentions)

5 protocols using gpr41

Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Characterization

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Third‐order mesenteric arteries were isolated and cleared of adipose and connective tissues, followed by immediately fixed in 10% neutral‐buffered formalin solution. Embedded in paraffin, vessel rings were serially sectioned at 6 μm. According to the standard immunohistochemical staining procedures,29 Gpr41 and Olr59 were measured in the vessel sections using primary antibody (Gpr41, 1:100, Santa Cruz, USA; Olr59, 1:100, Sigma, USA). Nuclei were visualized with haematoxylin. Negative controls were performed by omission of the primary antibodies.
Vascular smooth muscle cells grown on coverslips were washed by PBS and fixed in 10% neutral‐buffered formalin solution. After incubation with PBST (PBS with 0.5% TritonX‐100) for 15 minutes, slides were blocked for 1 hour. Then, primary antibody of α‐SMA (Beyotime) and TRITC‐conjugated secondary antibody (Sangon) were applied. Nuclei were counterstained by DAPI (Beyotime). Negative controls were performed by omission of the primary antibodies.

Zhang W., Feng X., Zhang Y., Sun M., Li L., Gao Q., Tang J., Zhang P., Lv J., Zhou X, & Xu Z. (2020). Prenatal hypoxia inhibited propionate‐evoked BK channels of mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells in offspring. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 24(5), 3192-3202.

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Muscle Protein Expression Analysis

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Total protein was extracted from 40 mg frozen gastrocnemius muscle samples as previously described [41 (link)]. Protein concentration was measured with a Pierce BCA Protein Assay kit (23225; Thermo Scientific). Antibodies and their sources are: Adiponectin (BS6961, Bioworld), AdipoR1 (BS6797, Bioworld), AdipoR2 (14361-1-AP, Proteintech), AMPKα112 (BS1009, Bioworld), p-AMPKα1/2 (sc-33524, Santa Cruz), PGC-1α (sc-13067, Santa Cruz), UCP3 (BS2849, Bioworld), UCP2 (BS2917, Bioworld), GPR43 (sc-32906, Santa Cruz), GPR41 (sc-98332, Santa Cruz), CPT-1b (sc-20670, Santa Cruz), COX4 (MB0102, Bioworld), HDAC1 (BS6485, Bioworld), GAPDH (AP0063, Bioworld), β-actin (AP0063, Bioworld). The phosphorylated AMPK was normalized by the total AMPK.

Hong J., Jia Y., Pan S., Jia L., Li H., Han Z., Cai D, & Zhao R. (2016). Butyrate alleviates high fat diet-induced obesity through activation of adiponectin-mediated pathway and stimulation of mitochondrial function in the skeletal muscle of mice. Oncotarget, 7(35), 56071-56082.

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Immunohistochemical Analysis of GPR41 and GPR43

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The distal ileum, colon, spleen, and adipose tissue were immersed in 4% paraformaldehyde. After fixation, the tissues were washed in 75% alcohol, dehydrated in a graded ethyl alcohol series (85%, 95% I, 95% II, 100% I, and 100% II), cleared in xylene, and embedded in paraffin. The tissues were serially sectioned into 4 µm-thicknesses on a rotary microtome. The paraffin sections were stained using an SABC kit (Boster, Wuhan, China), following the manufacturer′s instructions, and incubated with GPR41 (1∶50 diluted) and GPR43 (1∶50 diluted) antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Texas) at 4°C overnight. After immunoreaction, the images were captured on each slide at 400× magnification under a spot camera (Olympus, Tokyo). To check the specificity of the secondary antibody, the sections incubated without the primary antibody were stained by the secondary antibody as a negative control.

Li G., Su H., Zhou Z, & Yao W. (2014). Identification of the Porcine G Protein-Coupled Receptor 41 and 43 Genes and Their Expression Pattern in Different Tissues and Development Stages. PLoS ONE, 9(5), e97342.

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Immunofluorescence Analysis of Gastric Tissue

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The GC cells and CD8⁺ T cells were fixed for 30 minutes using 4% paraformaldehyde. Antigen retrieval of mouse stomach tissue paraffin sections was performed using sodium citrate/EDTA repair fluid (Beyotime, China). The slides were washed three times in PBST and then incubated for 15 minutes at room temperature with 0.5% Triton X-100 (Solarbio, China). Non-specific protein binding sites were blocked using goat serum at room temperature. The corresponding primary antibodies (1:200) CD11c (SAB, USA), CD86 (Bioss, China), GPR109a, GPR41, HOPX (Santa Cruz, USA), CD8 (Proteintech Group, China), IFN-γ and Claudin 18.2 were added and incubated overnight at 4°C. The slides were then washed three times with PBST for 5 minutes each time. Subsequently, the appropriate dye-conjugated secondary antibodies (Cell Signaling Technology, USA, 1:400) were added and incubated for 1 h at room temperature. After washing with PBST, the slides were sealed with DAPI anti-fluorescence quenching agent (Solarbio, China) and fluorescence images were collected using a Nikon confocal microscope (Nikon, Japan). Each fluorescent tissue slide randomly selects 3–4 fields of view under a 20-fold magnification and subsequently analyzes them using Image Pro Plus 6.0 software.

Yu X., Ou J., Wang L., Li Z., Ren Y., Xie L., Chen Z., Liang J., Shen G., Zou Z., Zhao C., Li G, & Hu Y. (2024). Gut microbiota modulate CD8+ T cell immunity in gastric cancer through Butyrate/GPR109A/HOPX. Gut Microbes, 16(1), 2307542.

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Mesenteric Protein Expression Analysis

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Mesenteric arteries of offspring were homogenized in liquid nitrogen and lysed in RIPA lysis buffer (Beyotime), containing protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktails (Biotool). Proteins were separated by 8%‐12% SDS‐polyacrylamide gradient gels and transferred to 0.45 μm PVDF membranes. Blocked with 5% skim milk, the membranes were incubated with primary antibodies of Kcnma1 (1:500, Santa Cruz, USA), Kcnmb1 (1:1000, Immunoway, China), Gpr41 (1:500, Santa Cruz, USA), Olr59 (1:1000, Sigma, USA), Gnb5 (1:1000, Proteintech, China), PLCβ3 (1:1000, Proteintech, China) and β‐actin (1:10 000, Proteintech, China). Blots were detected using enhanced chemiluminescence detection reagents (Advansta), and specific bands were analysed using a Bioimaging System (Tanon). Protein expressions were presented as relative richness normalized to β‐actin.

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