DSLR cameras, including Nikon D5300, Cannon EOS750D and EOS450D were used for photography. Agisoft Metashape 1.6.5 standard edition
25 with an educational license was used for photogrammetry, and Blender 2.90.1
26 ,27 with “Mesh: 3D-print toolbox” add-ons was used for 3D analysis. These software packages were installed in a laptop (Intel
® Core™ i7-8400 CPU 3.2 GHz, 32 GB RAM and NVIDIA
GeForce GTX 1070 GPU), which was used throughout this work. The camera’s parameters were adjusted as follows; the highest F-stop with a small aperture, high depth of field, ISO speed < 400 to prevent image noise, auto white balance, medium image size (< 5 MB) and no flash mode. For photo shooting, the entire CRC was placed on its side exposing the root structure on a green background (120 × 120 cm) with a cardboard box (W × L × H: 12.5 × 12.5 × 34 cm) as a 3D reference object. Photographs were taken by stepping around the root crown to obtain 25–40 images per object.
Oculus Quest 2 was used as a virtual reality tool in Medium by Adobe (version 2.4.6.336).
Sunvittayakul P., Kittipadakul P., Wonnapinij P., Chanchay P., Wannitikul P., Sathitnaitham S., Phanthanong P., Changwitchukarn K., Suttangkakul A., Ceballos H, & Vuttipongchaikij S. (2022). Cassava root crown phenotyping using three-dimension (3D) multi-view stereo reconstruction. Scientific Reports, 12, 10030.