Cravit ophthalmic solution 0.5

Participants were asked to demonstrate how they usually instilled eye drops using a 5-mL plastic bottle containing preoperative ophthalmic anti-bacterial solution (Cravit Ophthalmic Solution 0.5%, Santen, Japan) while they were in a sitting position and also in a supine position. The “sitting position” was defined as sitting on a chair or bed, and the “supine position” was defined as firmly lying on a hard bed. Each subject instilled the eye drop both in a sitting position and a supine position. The order of the two instillations was decided by the subject him/herself. One eye was selected per patient for this study. No instruction was provided to participants, and their instillation technique was recorded by examiners. The examiners (K.N. and T.N.) recorded the following performance of each participant at a distance of 0.5 meter from the eye: (1) taking the bottle and opening the cap by hand, (2) bringing the bottle above an eye, and (3) squeezing the bottle and instilling solution onto the ocular surface. A digital video recorder (HDR-XR520V, Sony, Japan) at high-resolution mode of 1,920 x 1,080/60p was used for recording the whole process of instillation.

Four cynomolgus monkeys (male; body weight, 2.48 to 3.00 kg; age 2 years at initiation of the study) were used to develop the OHT model at SNBL, as described previously.¹¹ (link) Briefly, animals were anesthetized by intramuscular injection (0.2 mL/kg) of ketamine (Ketalar for Intramuscular Injection 500 mg; Daiichi Sankyo Propharma Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 50 mg/mL) and xylazine (Selactar 2% Injection Solution; Bayer Japan, Osaka, Japan, 20 mg/mL) mixture solution in a 7:1 (v/v) ratio. An ocular single mirror gonio lens (Ocular Instruments, Bellevue, WA, USA) was placed directly on the cornea along with hydroxyethyl cellulose (Scopisol solution for eye; Senju Pharmaceutical, Osaka, Japan). Green laser photocoagulation burns were applied at a wavelength of 532 nm for uniform 360° irradiation around the trabecular meshwork in both eyes of all monkeys. A 532-nm green laser (power, 1000 mW; spot size, 100 µm; duration, 0.2 second) was applied using a multicolor scan laser photocoagulator (MC-500; Nidek Co., Aichi, Japan). After the laser application, levofloxacin hydrate (Cravit ophthalmic solution 0.5%, Santen Pharmaceutical Co, Osaka, Japan) was instilled into the eyes once daily for 3 days from the day after application. In animals with an IOP below 30 mm Hg, additional laser treatment was applied to the relevant eye 14 days after the first treatment.