HOSEpiC (Catalog No.7310) was obtained from ScienCell Research Laboratories (San Diego, CA). OAW42 cells were purchased from the Cell Banks in Cancer Institute and Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Beijing, China). The human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell lines, OVCAR3, CAOV3, and SKOV3, were provided by the China Center for Type Culture Collection (Wuhan, China). OvCa cell lines (A2780 and JHOS4) and cisplatin (DDP)-resistant OvCa lines (SKOV3/DDP and CAOV3/DDP) were purchased from the Cell Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). DDP, Adriamycin (ADM), and Paclitaxel (PTX) were purchased from Sigma Corporation. Bafilomycin A1 (ab120497) and Recombinant VEGFA (ab117230) were purchased from Abcam Corporation. 3- (4, 5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide [MTT, (M2128)] was obtained from the Sigma Corporation and used as a measure of cell viability. B27 (17,504–044), epidermal growth factor (RP-8661), and bFGF (RP-8628) were purchased from Invitrogen. Heparin (9041–08-1) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
Paclitaxel ptx
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a naturally occurring compound obtained from the bark of the Pacific yew tree. It is a widely used pharmaceutical ingredient with important applications in the field of oncology and cancer research. PTX functions as a mitotic inhibitor, which means it disrupts the normal process of cell division, particularly in rapidly dividing cancer cells. This property makes PTX a valuable tool for researchers studying the mechanisms of cancer development and potential treatment strategies.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (6 mentions)
Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions)
Doxorubicin dox, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Vinblastine vin, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Cisplatin cddp, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Penicillin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions)
Streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions)
Anthos 2010 microplate reader, by Anthos Labtec (3 mentions)
Penicillin streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Skov3, by American Type Culture Collection (2 mentions)
Bgj398, by Selleck Chemicals (2 mentions)
Rpmi 1640 medium, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Microplate reader, by Bio-Rad (2 mentions)
Heparin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Adriamycin adm, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ovcar3, by National Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (1 mentions)
Caov3, by National Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (1 mentions)
Skov3, by National Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (1 mentions)
Bafilomycin a1 ab120497, by Abcam (1 mentions)
Erlotinib, by Selleck Chemicals (1 mentions)
38 protocols using paclitaxel ptx
1
Ovarian Cancer Cell Line Experiments
2
Investigating Cancer Cell Signaling Pathways
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The following drugs and antibodies were used in our experiments: paclitaxel (PTX) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), erlotinib (Selleck Chemicals, Houston, TX, USA), anti-MUC1 antibody (Thermo Scientific, Hudson, NH, USA), anti-phospho-EGFR Tyr1068 antibody (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), and anti-EGFR antibody (Proteintech Group, Chicago, IL, USA), anti-Histone H3 (acetyl K27) (H3K27Ac) antibody (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), IL-6 antibody (Novus, Littleton, CO, USA), horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-linked secondary antibody (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA, USA), anti-β-actin antibody (Merck Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA), FITC-conjugated mouse anti-human CD227 (MUC1) (BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA, USA), PE-conjugated mouse anti-human CD133/1 (AC133) (Mitenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany), IL-6 neutralizing antibody (Sino Biological Inc., Beijing, China), and anti-human IL-8 antibody (PeproTech, Rocky Hill, NJ, USA).
3
Generating Engineered Cell Lines
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The HeLa used in this study was a clone that expressed the tTA tetracycline transactivator28 (link). HCT116 (colorectal carcinoma) was a gift from Bert Vogelstein (The Johns Hopkins University). TRIP13-knockout (TRIP13KO) cells, TRIP13KO-expressing FLAG-TRIP13 and p31KO were generated as previously described29 (link). TRIP13KO-expressing auxin-inducible degron (AID)-TRIP13 and TIR1 were generated as previously described30 (link). Cells were propagated in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 10% (v/v) calf serum (for HeLa) or foetal bovine serum (for HCT116) and 50 U/ml of penicillin–streptomycin (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA). Cells were cultured in humidified incubators at 37 °C with 5% CO2. Cell viability was assessed using trypan blue exclusion assay.
Unless stated otherwise, cells were treated with the following reagents at the indicated final concentration: doxycycline hydrochloride (Dox) (2 µg/ml), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (50 µg/ml), paclitaxel (PTX) (125 ng/ml), thymidine (2 mM) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), AZ3146 (0.5 µM), MG132 (10 µM) (Selleck Chemicals, Houston, TX, USA), nocodazole (NOC) (100 ng/ml), RO3306 (10 µM) and Z-VAD-FMK (20 µM) (Enzo Life Sciences, Farmingdale, NY, USA).
Unless stated otherwise, cells were treated with the following reagents at the indicated final concentration: doxycycline hydrochloride (Dox) (2 µg/ml), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (50 µg/ml), paclitaxel (PTX) (125 ng/ml), thymidine (2 mM) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), AZ3146 (0.5 µM), MG132 (10 µM) (Selleck Chemicals, Houston, TX, USA), nocodazole (NOC) (100 ng/ml), RO3306 (10 µM) and Z-VAD-FMK (20 µM) (Enzo Life Sciences, Farmingdale, NY, USA).
4
Fluorescent GM1 Encapsulation for Murine Mammary Cancer
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Monosialogangliosides GM1 from pig brain was a gift from TRB-Pharma S.A. (Buenos Aires, Argentina); Paclitaxel (Ptx) was obtained from Sigma Chem Co. The GM1-fluorescent complex was prepared by direct encapsulation of the fluorescent dye FITC into GM1 micelles.
Murine mammary adenocarcinoma cell line (LMM3) with high metastatic capability was kindly provided by Dr. Bal de Kier Joffe E from Roffo Hospital (Buenos Aires, Argentina). This cell line was syngeneic to BALB/c mice derived from spontaneous lung metastasis from the primary MM3 mammary tumor50 (link),51 .
Eighty-eight weaning male BALB/c mice (7 weeks old, 20–25 g) were randomized and housed in polycarbonate cages in groups of four, in a 12-h light and 12-h dark cycle at a constant temperature of 23 °C and fed with a pelletized diet and tap water ad libitum prior to and during experimental procedures. Animal studies were conducted in accordance with the guidelines set by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (USA) and approved by the Institutional Committee for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals at the School of Medical Sciences (Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina).
Murine mammary adenocarcinoma cell line (LMM3) with high metastatic capability was kindly provided by Dr. Bal de Kier Joffe E from Roffo Hospital (Buenos Aires, Argentina). This cell line was syngeneic to BALB/c mice derived from spontaneous lung metastasis from the primary MM3 mammary tumor50 (link),51 .
Eighty-eight weaning male BALB/c mice (7 weeks old, 20–25 g) were randomized and housed in polycarbonate cages in groups of four, in a 12-h light and 12-h dark cycle at a constant temperature of 23 °C and fed with a pelletized diet and tap water ad libitum prior to and during experimental procedures. Animal studies were conducted in accordance with the guidelines set by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (USA) and approved by the Institutional Committee for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals at the School of Medical Sciences (Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina).
5
Hsp90 Inhibitors: Preparation and Storage
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Hsp90 inhibitors (compounds 3–10, and 13, 14, and 15) containing an isoxazolonaphtoquinone core were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as 20 mM aliquots and kept at room temperature until use. Tariquidar (Avaant Pharmaceuticals, London, UK) was stored as 10 mM aliquots at −20 °C. Doxorubicin—DOX (EBEWE Arzneimittel GmbH, Vienna, Austria) was diluted in sterile water and stored as 1 mM aliquots at −20 °C. Paclitaxel—PTX (Sigma-Aldrich Chemie Gmbh, Hamburg, Germany) was diluted in absolute ethanol and 1 mM aliquots were stored at −20 °C. Before treatment, all drugs were freshly diluted in sterile water.
6
Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Line Cultivation and Antiprogestin Treatments
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The human ovarian carcinoma cell lines SKOV-3 and IGROV-1 were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA) and the laboratory of Dr. Howell (University of California, San Diego), respectively. Cultures were propagated under conditions previously described in detail [10 (link),11 (link)].
Cisplatin (CDDP; cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II) (Sigma Chemical Co, St Louis, MO) was prepared fresh in 0.9% NaCl every time it was used. A stock of 100 μM paclitaxel (PTX; Sigma) was prepared in DMSO and was stored at -20°C.
Mifepristone was commercially obtained (Sigma). ORG-31710 was provided by N.V. Organon (Oss, The Netherlands). Ulipristal (a.k.a. CDB-2914) was provided by HRA Pharma (Paris, France). Proellex (a.k.a. CDB-4124), 17α-hydroxy CDB-4124 (17α-hydroxy-proellex), and CDB-4453 (mono-demethylated CDB-4124) were kindly provided by Repros Therapeutics, Inc (The Woodlands, TX). The antiprogestins were prepared as a stock 20 mM solution in DMSO and stored at -20°C. The maximum concentration of DMSO reached in the culture was 0.2% (v/v).
Cisplatin (CDDP; cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II) (Sigma Chemical Co, St Louis, MO) was prepared fresh in 0.9% NaCl every time it was used. A stock of 100 μM paclitaxel (PTX; Sigma) was prepared in DMSO and was stored at -20°C.
Mifepristone was commercially obtained (Sigma). ORG-31710 was provided by N.V. Organon (Oss, The Netherlands). Ulipristal (a.k.a. CDB-2914) was provided by HRA Pharma (Paris, France). Proellex (a.k.a. CDB-4124), 17α-hydroxy CDB-4124 (17α-hydroxy-proellex), and CDB-4453 (mono-demethylated CDB-4124) were kindly provided by Repros Therapeutics, Inc (The Woodlands, TX). The antiprogestins were prepared as a stock 20 mM solution in DMSO and stored at -20°C. The maximum concentration of DMSO reached in the culture was 0.2% (v/v).
7
Chemotherapeutic Agents for Cancer Research
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Imatinib (IM), cabozantinib (CB), crizotinib (CR) and BGJ 398 were obtained from SelleckChem (Houston, TX, USA). Doxorubicin (Dox), paclitaxel (PTX) and vinblastine (Vin) were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Etoposide (Eto) was obtained from Calbiochem (La Jolla, CA, USA).
8
Synthesis and Characterization of 2-APCAs
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2-APCAs were synthesized in our laboratories according to the standard protocols, as shown elsewhere [24 (link)]. Doxorubicin (Dox) were purchased from SelleckChem (Houston, TX, USA), paclitaxel (PTX), and vinblastine (Vin) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). All the chemicals indicated above were dissolved in 100% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
9
Multifunctional Nanoparticle Delivery System
10
Comparative Analysis of Evening Primrose Oil
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Evening Primrose oil (EPO), derived from Oenothera biennis, was purchased (Product No. PHR 2978; Sigma Aldrich, Milan, Italy) as pharmaceutical standard, certified reference material (composition described in Table 1 ) and diluted in 1:2 DMSO, and it was freshly prepared for each experiment. Gemcitabine (GEM; 50 mg/mL) and paclitaxel (PTX; 6 mg/mL) were purchased by Sigma Aldrich (Milan, Italy), solubilized in water and stored at −20 °C.
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