Thermal escape latency was determined using a Hargreaves type thermal escape testing system (Plantar Analgesia Meter, IITC Life Science Inc., Woodland Hills, CA). The same groups of animals used for von Frey test were placed individually in Plexiglas cubicles on a glass surface and allowed to acclimate for 30 min prior to the Hargreaves test. The light beam was focused on the bottom of the glass with the aid of an angled mirror and created an intense spot under the foot pad. Paw withdrawal latency was defined as the time required for the paw to show an abrupt withdrawal. In the absence of a response at 20 s, the stimulus was terminated and that latency was assigned.
Plantar analgesia meter
Manufactured by IITC Life Science
Sourced in United States
The Plantar Analgesia Meter is a laboratory instrument used to measure the pain threshold or nociceptive response in the plantar (bottom) surface of an animal's paw. It applies a controlled thermal or mechanical stimulus to the paw and records the latency or time until the animal withdraws its paw, providing an objective measurement of pain sensitivity.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
35 protocols using plantar analgesia meter
1
Thermal Escape Latency Measurement
2
Assessing Thermal Sensitivity in Mice
3
Thermal Sensitivity Evaluation in Rats
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Rats were assessed for thermal sensitivity using the Plantar Analgesia Meter (IITC). Rats were brought into the testing room 1 h before testing and habituated to the heated glass (temperature: 32°C) apparatus for 20 min. Infrared light (artificial intensity: 40) was focused onto each hindpaw and withdrawal latency was recorded. A maximum cutoff of 20 s was used to prevent tissue damage. Each hindpaw was tested twice. If the latencies differed by more than 1 s, then the paw was tested one additional time. Withdrawal latencies were averaged per paw then per animal.
4
Quantifying Pain Behavior in Rats
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
Mechanical allodynia was determined via measurement of the paw mechanical withdrawal threshold (PWT) in response to von Frey filaments (Aesthesio®, Danmic Global, San Jose, CA, USA) stimulation61 (link). A series of filaments (0.4, 0.6, 1.4, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 15 g) were applied to the mid-plantar surface of rat hindpaw with a sustaining pressure to bend the filament for 5 sec or induce a paw withdrawal reflex within 5 sec. The Dixon’s up-down method was used to determine the 50% PWT. Thermal hyperalgesia was assessed via measurement of the paw thermal withdrawal latency in response to radiant heat stimulation generated by a Plantar Analgesia Meter (IITC Life Science, CA, USA)62 (link). The radiant heat terminated when the rat withdrew its hindpaw or automatically at a 20-sec cutoff to prevent tissue damage. The thermal stimulus was delivered 3 times to each hindpaw with 10 min inter-trial interval. Spontaneous flinches were measured to evaluate spontaneous pain during a 10-min observation period63 (link). Limb use score was measured to assess movement-evoked pain during ambulation on a scale of 0 to 4: 0 = normal use; 1 = slightly limping; 2 = clearly limping; 3 = no use of the limbs (partial); and 4 = no use of the limbs (complete)64 (link).
+ Expand
Mechanical allodynia was determined via measurement of the paw mechanical withdrawal threshold (PWT) in response to von Frey filaments (Aesthesio®, Danmic Global, San Jose, CA, USA) stimulation61 (link). A series of filaments (0.4, 0.6, 1.4, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 15 g) were applied to the mid-plantar surface of rat hindpaw with a sustaining pressure to bend the filament for 5 sec or induce a paw withdrawal reflex within 5 sec. The Dixon’s up-down method was used to determine the 50% PWT. Thermal hyperalgesia was assessed via measurement of the paw thermal withdrawal latency in response to radiant heat stimulation generated by a Plantar Analgesia Meter (IITC Life Science, CA, USA)62 (link). The radiant heat terminated when the rat withdrew its hindpaw or automatically at a 20-sec cutoff to prevent tissue damage. The thermal stimulus was delivered 3 times to each hindpaw with 10 min inter-trial interval. Spontaneous flinches were measured to evaluate spontaneous pain during a 10-min observation period63 (link). Limb use score was measured to assess movement-evoked pain during ambulation on a scale of 0 to 4: 0 = normal use; 1 = slightly limping; 2 = clearly limping; 3 = no use of the limbs (partial); and 4 = no use of the limbs (complete)64 (link).
5
Thermal and Mechanical Nociceptive Assays
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Mice, pre-administered Pn3a (i.p. 3 mg/kg) or PF-04856264 (i.p. 30 mg/kg), were placed on a temperature-controlled Peltier plate (Hot/Cold Plate, Ugo Basile, Comerio, Italy) set at 50 °C, and the time taken to observe a nociceptive response (hind paw lick, flinch or jump) was recorded. Paw-withdrawal latency in mice pre-administered phlotoxin 1 (i.p. 50 μg/kg; Venomtech, Valbonne, France), thiorphan (i.p. 20 mg/kg), buprenorphine (i.p. 50 μg/kg), or combinations, was determined using the Hargreaves apparatus (Plantar Analgesia Meter, IITC, CA, USA), with three withdrawal responses measured per animal.
6
Thermal Sensitivity Testing in Rodents
7
Assessing Heat Responses in Mice
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
We used a Plantar Analgesia Meter (IITC) to assess heat responses to radiant heat. Mice were placed in Plexiglas containers on an elevated glass plate and allowed to habituate for 1 hr prior to testing. A visible-light, radiant heat source was positioned beneath the mice and aimed using low-intensity visible light to the plantar surface of the hind paw. Trials began once the high-intensity light source was activated and ended once the mouse withdrew their hind paw and (1) shook their paw, (2) licked their paw, or (3) continued to withdraw their paw from stimulation. Immediately upon meeting response criteria, the high-intensity light-source was turned off. The latency to response was measured to the nearest 0.01 s for each trial using the built-in timer, which is activated and de-activated with the high-intensity beam. For all trials, high-intensity beam was set at 18%, low-intensity beam set at 10%, and maximum trial duration was 20 s. Three trials were conducted on each hind paw for each mouse per timepoint, with at least 1 min between trials of the same hind paw, and the median trial was used for each timepoint. All studies utilized approximately equal numbers of female and male mice in each treatment group.
8
Thermal Withdrawal Latency Evaluation
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
During the behavioral experiment, the experimenter was blinded. All animals were transferred into respective test cages for at least one hour before the measurement to allow habituation, as described previously [64 (link)]. For assessing the thermal withdrawal latency, a radiant heat test was performed using a Plantar Analgesia Meter with a high-intensity projector lamp (IITC Life Science, Woodland Hill, CA, USA). The cut-off time for this experiment was set to 20 s.
9
Hot Plate Thermal Escape Latency
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The thermal escape latency was determined using a hot plate test apparatus (Plantar Analgesia Meter, IITC Life Science Inc., Victory Blvd Woodland Hills, CA, USA). Briefly, a metal hot plate surrounded by a transparent glass rectangle was heated to 52 °C. The same groups of animals used for von Frey test were placed individually on the hot plate for 4 trials, separated by at least 15 min. Withdrawal latency was defined as the time required for the animal to shake or lick its hind paw. In the absence of a response at 20 s, the stimulus was terminated, and that latency was assigned.
10
Hargreaves Thermal Escape Latency Test
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The thermal escape latency was determined using the Hargreaves type thermal escape testing system (Plantar Analgesia Meter, IITC Life Science Inc.) as we previously described (Wen et al., 2018 (link)). Briefly, mice were placed individually in Plexiglas cubicles on a glass surface and allowed to acclimate for 30 min. The light beam was focused on the bottom of the glass and created an intense spot under the foot pad with the aid of an angled mirror. Paw withdrawal latency was defined as the time required for the paw to show an abrupt withdrawal. In the absence of a response at 20 s, the stimulus was terminated, and that latency was assigned.
About PubCompare
Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.
We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.
However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.
Ready to get started?
Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required
Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!