Excel 2011

All data were processed with Microsoft Excel 2011 and GraphPad Prism 5 for Mac OSX. Data are presented as mean ± s.e.m. if not otherwise stated in the respective legends. Statistical comparisons are performed using one-sample t-test, two-tailed unpaired t-test or one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test as appropriate. Detailed descriptions and values can be found in respective legends and Suppl. Data 1. Statistically significant differences are indicated by single/multiple asterisks (****P < 0.0001; ***P < 0.001; **P < 0.01; and *P < 0.05). Correlation analysis was calculated and plotted using a correlation plot and linear regression line. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) are shown in the plots.

All data were collected in Microsoft Excel 2011 for Mac or PC and graphed using GraphPad Prism 6.0 software (La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA). All data, unless specifically mentioned in the Figure legend, were expressed as mean values with error bars representing standard deviations (SD). An unpaired two tailed student t-test was used to determine difference between two groups. The multiple t-test was conducted for early nephrogenesis measurement. A fiducial limit of p ≤ 0.05 was used throughout. All statistical analyses were conducted using GraphPad Prism 6.0 software with exception for bioinformatics analysis.

The number of individuals used per experimental condition and experimental repeats is indicated in the figure legends. For electrophysiological experiments, n represents number of acute slices; N represents the number of individual mice. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. In all bar plots, individual data points are presented except for Fig 7C and E for visualization clarity. Data were analyzed with GraphPad Prism 6 or Excel 2011 software. For comparisons of the four experimental groups, one-way ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis (when data were not normally distributed) was used. Tukey’s multiple comparisons test or Dunn’s multiple comparisons test were used for post hoc analysis of data tested with one-way ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis, respectively. To focus on differences induced by the treatment, intra genotype analysis was performed using two-tailed unpaired t tests or two-tailed Mann–Whitney tests (when data were not normally distributed). For some of the figures, both analyses are reported: ANOVA and unpaired t test (significance indicated by * and # respectively). For Fig 7C and E, paired t tests were used. P-values < 0.05 were considered significant. Whenever possible, exact P-values are reported in the figure legends.

Statistical analysis was performed with Microsoft Excel 2011 and GraphPad Prism v5.0 software. Primarily, analysis was carried out with a 2-tailed t-test with the level of significance set at P = 0.05.

Calculations were performed and figures were drawn using Excel 2011 or GraphPad Prism 5.0. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism, with Wilcoxon matched paired t-tests, Mann–Withney unpaired t-tests or extra sum-of-squares F test. Spearman correlation coefficients (r) were calculated using GraphPad Prism.