Automatic chemistry analyzer

Serological parameters cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) were measured using biochemical estimation kits (Human diagnostics) on an automatic chemistry analyzer (Beckman Coulter, USA) as per the manufacturer’s instructions.

Peripheral venous blood samples were collected between 6 and 7 a.m. after overnight fasting, kept at room temperature for clotting and centrifuged at 3,000 × g for 15 min to obtain serum. Serum fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), creatinine (Cre) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were checked by an automatic chemistry analyzer (Beckman Coulter, Inc., Brea, CA, USA). The levels of the adipokines and myokines leptin, apelin, fractalkine, BDNF, LIF, myostatin, FABP3, irisin, FSTL1, oncostatin M, FGF21 and musclin in the serum were measured by an adipokine- and myokine-specific Luminex bead-based multiplex detection system (Merck Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany).

The proband, a 32-year-old woman manifested XLH was enrolled at the Medical Genetics/Prenatal Diagnosis Centre of the West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; and we also recruited all her family members. The control group was comprised of 200 unrelated normal Han Chinese. This study was approved by the Ethical Review Board of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, and informed consent was obtained from each subject or her/his guardian(s) in the case of underaged participants.
Physical and X-ray examinations were performed by specialist physicians and radiologists, respectively, and family history was acquired by doctors from the Genetic Consulting Center. Biomedical and hormonal indices were evaluated at the West China University Hospital and West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University’s Clinical Laboratory Center. The level of electrolyte was detected by the ion-selective electrode (ISE) tests with an electrolyte analyzer (Xun-Da Medical Instrument Corporation). The level of Vit D3 and parathyroid hormone (PTH) was detected by ElectroChemiLuminescence (ECL) technology with Cobas automatic analyzer (Roche) and reagent provided by Roche. As for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), we performed the rate method by automatic chemistry analyzer (Beckman Coulter).

The levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) in sera were used as biomarkers for tissue damage, cell disruption or failed functions of tissues including liver and kidney (Tesch, 2010 (link); Kwo et al., 2017 (link)) in mice with sepsis. These biomarkers were measured in sera of experimental mice (4 of each group) by automatic chemistry analyzer (Beckman Coulter, USA) to evaluate sepsis-caused tissue injury.