paraffin. The specimens were sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Immunofluorescence staining was performed
with routine antigen retrieval as suggested by the antibody manufacturer [41 (link)]. The slides were examined under a confocal microscope (Meta 510, Carl Zeiss). The primary antibodies for
immunostaining used in this study were as follows: fibrinogen beta-chain fragment (Abcam, EPR3083; 1:200), sulfated glycoprotein 1
(Abcam, ab68466; 1:200), galectin-1 (Abcam, ab138513; 1:200), lumican (Abcam, ab168348; 1:200), annexin A2 (Genetex, GTX101902,
1:200), gelsolin (Genetex, GTX101185; 1:200), apolipoprotein-A1 (Novus, NBP1-77008; 1:200) and fibronectin (Genetex, GTX61207;
1:200). Secondary antibodies were Alexa Fluor 594 donkey anti–mouse IgG (H+L) (Jackson ImmunoResearch,
715-585-151; 1:500), Cy3-conjugated AffiniPure donkey anti–rabbit IgG (Jackson ImmunoResearch, 711-165-152; 1:500) and
Alexa Fluor 594-AffiniPure F (ab′)2 Fragment rabbit anti–chicken IgY (IgG) (H+L) (Jackson ImmunoResearch,
303-586-003; 1:500). β-galactosidase activity and alkaline phosphatase activity were detected as described [43 (link),44 (link)].