The solid phase of obtained bone cements consisted of the highly reactive α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP). The initial α-TCP powder was synthesized by the wet chemical method, described previously.29 (link) Briefly, for synthesis, Ca(OH)2 (MERCK, Germany) and 85% phosphate(v ) acid (POCH, Poland), both with chemical purity, were used. The obtained powder was sieved to grains below 100 μm, sintered for 5 hours at 1300 °C, then milled in the attrition mill and sieved using #230 mesh (ASTM-E11). The specific surface area (SSA) of the initial α-TCP powder was 1.73 ± 0.01 m2 g−1. The liquid phase of the cements was aqueous 2% (w/v) Na2HPO4 solutions with addition of selected surfactants: Tween 20, Tween 80 and Tetronic 90R4 (all purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Germany) at a concentration of 10 g L−1 for the samples dedicated for cytotoxicity and foamability studies or 1.25 g L−1 for foamability and the rest of the physicochemical studies. Molecular weight of surfactants and molarity of the liquid phases used during the preparation of the cements are shown in Table 1 .
Tetronic 90r4
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States, United Kingdom
The Tetronic 90R4 is a laboratory stirrer that provides efficient and reliable mixing of liquids and solutions. It features a robust design and variable speed control to accommodate a wide range of applications. The Tetronic 90R4 is designed for use in various laboratory settings to facilitate consistent and thorough mixing of samples.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Tween 20, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Tween 80, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ca oh 2, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Platinum sybr green qpcr supermix udg with rox, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Sodium phosphate dibasic, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
Elix 3, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
Acetic acid, by ITW Reagents (1 mentions)
N methyl 2 pyrrolidone, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Petroleum ether, by Samchun (1 mentions)
Stannous 2 ethylhexanoate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Lc ms grade acetonitrile, by Avantor (1 mentions)
Diazepam d5, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium chloride (nacl), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Potassium chloride (kcl), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Urea, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Ammonium acetate, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Sodium azide, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
5 protocols using tetronic 90r4
1
Synthesis and Characterization of α-TCP Bone Cements
2
Development of SARS-CoV-2 Detection Assays
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Tetronic 90R4 and green dye 5-Carboxyfluorescein (5-FAM) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Product No. 86826). CYTOP were purchased from AGC Chemicals Company, which is a kind of commonly used hydrophobic layer material. Silicone oil (2 cst) was purchased from Dow Corporate. Deionized (DI) water (18.2 MΩ) was supplied by a Milli-Q water purification system. The qPCR reactive enzyme premix was purchased from Invitrogen (Platinum® SYBR® Green qPCR SuperMix-UDG with ROX). LAMP positive control reagents were purchased from Loopamp®. LAMP reagents for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection were developed in our own laboratory. The forward and backward primers for qPCR and LAMP primer sets are shown in Table 1 and were all produced by Sangon Biotech (Shanghai, China). The new coronavirus RNA standard was purchased from Shanghai Institute of Metrology and Testing Technology (the reference virus genome sequence is GenBank No. MT027064.1, the gene coordinate N is the full length of the gene, and the concentration is 105 copies/μL).
3
Characterization of β-D-Galactosidase Enzymatic Activity
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β-D-Galactosidase, with an enzymatic activity of 73654 acid lactase units per gram (ALU/g), was donated by Laboratorios Salvat S.A. (Spain). α-Cyclodextrin (α-CD), from Wacker Chemie AG (water content approximately 8%), was used as received. The poloxamine Tetronic 90R4 (Sigma-Aldrich) was a yellowish, viscous liquid (3870 cP at 25 °C) with an average molecular weight M90R4 ≈ 7200 g/mol (as given by the manufacturer). The chemical composition was determined by 1H NMR: PO16EO18 per arm (Figure 6 ).
Dissolution media were prepared using type I deionized water (Millipore Elix 3, minimum resistivity at 25 °C, 18 MOhm, electrical conductivity <0.1 µS/cm), hydrochloric acid (37%, Panreac, Spain), dibasic sodium phosphate and monobasic potassium phosphate (99% purity, Panreac, Spain).
In order to determine the activity of the β-D-galactosidase (lactase), 2-nitrophenyl-galactopyranoside (ONPG) (Sigma-Aldrich, ≥98% purity, 301.3 g/mol) was used as a substrate to simulate the action of the enzyme on lactose and its dissociation. The ONPG substrate requires a slightly acidic medium for enzyme lactase activity, therefore a buffer (pH 4.5) was used according to USP. Sodium hydroxide, acetic acid, and sodium carbonate (Panreac, Spain) were used as reagents.
Dissolution media were prepared using type I deionized water (Millipore Elix 3, minimum resistivity at 25 °C, 18 MOhm, electrical conductivity <0.1 µS/cm), hydrochloric acid (37%, Panreac, Spain), dibasic sodium phosphate and monobasic potassium phosphate (99% purity, Panreac, Spain).
In order to determine the activity of the β-D-galactosidase (lactase), 2-nitrophenyl-galactopyranoside (ONPG) (Sigma-Aldrich, ≥98% purity, 301.3 g/mol) was used as a substrate to simulate the action of the enzyme on lactose and its dissociation. The ONPG substrate requires a slightly acidic medium for enzyme lactase activity, therefore a buffer (pH 4.5) was used according to USP. Sodium hydroxide, acetic acid, and sodium carbonate (Panreac, Spain) were used as reagents.
4
Hybrid Polymer Electrolyte Synthesis
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Ethylenediamine tetrakis(ethoxylate-block-propoxylate) tetrol (Tetronic 90R4, Mn ∼ 8000 g mol–1), stannous 2-ethyl-hexanoate
(SnOct2, 98%), IPTS (95%), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
(NMP), chloroform, and methanol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich
(USA). EMIM-TFSI 99% was purchased from C-TRI (South Korea). Petroleum
ether (95%) was purchased from Samchun (South Korea). Silicon dioxide
(SiO2, 50 nm) particles was purchased from Sukgyung AT
co. Prior to use, the Tetronic 90R4 and SiO2 particles
were dried under vacuum conditions at 80 °C for 24 h. Other reagents
used in this work were used as received without any further purification.
(SnOct2, 98%), IPTS (95%), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
(NMP), chloroform, and methanol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich
(USA). EMIM-TFSI 99% was purchased from C-TRI (South Korea). Petroleum
ether (95%) was purchased from Samchun (South Korea). Silicon dioxide
(SiO2, 50 nm) particles was purchased from Sukgyung AT
co. Prior to use, the Tetronic 90R4 and SiO2 particles
were dried under vacuum conditions at 80 °C for 24 h. Other reagents
used in this work were used as received without any further purification.
5
Certified Reference Material for Forensic Analysis
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Cerilliant® certified reference material solutions (1 mg/ml of morphine, amfetamine, benzoylecgonine, diazepam and THC solutions in methanol; 1 mg/ml cocaine solution in acetonitrile) and deuterated analogues (100 μg/ml d3‐morphine, d5‐amfetamine, d3‐benzoylecgonine, d5‐diazepam and d3‐THC solutions in methanol; 100 μg/ml d3‐cocaine solution in acetonitrile) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Dorset, UK). The purity of all reference solutions was greater than 99%. Mucin (bovine mucin from submaxillary glands), potassium thiocyanate, calcium chloride dihydrate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, Tetronic® 90R4 and Tween® 20 were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Dorset, UK). Potassium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, sodium azide, sodium hydrogen carbonate, urea, ammonium acetate and glacial acetic acid were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK). All reagents were of analytical reagent grade with the exception of Tween® 20 which was BioXtra grade. LC–MS grade acetonitrile was purchased from VWR (Lutterworth, UK). Deionised water was obtained at 18 MΏ.cm−1 resistivity from Elga Purelab Flex water dispenser (High Wycombe, UK).
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