Autosampler vials and glass inserts

All chemicals were purchased from commercial suppliers and used as received. 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl chloride (TrocCl), triethylamine (TEA), diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), tetramethylpiperidine (TMP), acetonitrile (ACN), acetone, ethyl acetate and dichloromethane were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO.). Sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous sodium sulfate were purchased from Acros Organics (Westchester, PA.). Deuterated chloroform (CDCl₃) and sodium carbonate were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA). Acrodisc PTFE syringe filters (0.45 μm) were purchased from Pall laboratories (Port Washington, NY.). Autosampler vials and glass inserts were purchased from Agilent Technologies (Santa Clara, CA.). All the fentanyls described in this paper were synthesized using published protocols and their NMR spectra matched the published ones. For isobutyrylfentanyl and valeroylfentanyl, their syntheses were accomplished by a modification of the synthesis for fentanyl^{11 (link)} and their associated NMR spectra are included in the Supporting Information (Pages S11-S13) section. All fentanyls and the Troc-norfentanyl standard were purified by flash column chromatography using a Biotage Isolera purification system using SNAP KP-Si silica gel column cartridges.

All chemicals were purchased from commercial suppliers and used as received, ethyl methylphosphonic acid (EMPA), cyclohexyl methylphosphonic acid (CMPA), pinacolyl methylphosphonic acid (PMPA), benzyl 2,2,2-trichloroacetimidate, 4-methoxybenzyl-2,2,2-trichloroacetimidate, acetonitrile (ACN), acetone, ethyl acetate and dichloromethane were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO.). Sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate and anhydrous sodium sulfate were purchased from Acros Organics (Westchester, PA). Deuterated chloroform (CDCl₃) was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA). Acrodisc PTFE syringe filters (0.45 μm) were purchased from Pall laboratories (Port Washington, NY.). Autosampler vials and glass inserts were purchased from Agilent Technologies (Santa Clara, CA.). Soil sample PT-S2 and liquid matrix CW-O3 were obtained from the Forensic Science Center (FSC) OPCW-PT sample archives at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL).