Mouse monoclonal antibody against β actin

Dehydroepaimdrosterone (DHEA), 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), Dichloroacetate (DCA), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). DHEA and DCA were dissolved in DMSO to a stock concentration of 100 μM/L, and 2-DG was dissolved in H2O to a stock concentration of 10 mg/mL. These reagents need to be diluted to a working concentration using L-15 medium just before use. The rabbit polyclonal antibodies against MCP were prepared and stored in our laboratory. The rabbit polyclonal antibodies against glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), hexokinase 1 (HK1), glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), enolase (ENO), pyruvate kinase (PK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHx), as well as the mouse monoclonal antibody against β-actin, were purchased from Proteintech (USA). The secondary antibody was purchased from KPL (USA).

Tolfenamic acid (purity ≥98%) was purchased from a commercial supplier (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), and 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA). The mouse monoclonal antibody against huntingtin (EM48) was purchased from Millipore (CA, USA). The rabbit polyclonal antibodies against LC3, P62, and HO1; the mouse monoclonal antibody against β-actin; and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies were purchased from Proteintech (Wuhan, China). ML385, a specific Nrf2 inhibitor, was purchased from MedChem Express (NJ, USA). Nrf2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) and rabbit polyclonal antibody against Sp1 were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc. (CA, USA). The rabbit polyclonal antibody against NQO1 and D,L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO), a specific glutathione synthase inhibitor, was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA).