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14 protocols using penicillin

1

Cell Culture and Sample Preparation

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BV-173 and TOM-1 were purchased from the Deutsche Sammlung für Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany). Cell lines were grown in RPMI 1640 (Life Technologies, Courtaboeuf, France), supplemented with 20% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum, 2 mM L-glutamine, 100 IU/mL penicillin, and 100 µg/mL streptomycin (Dominique Dutscher, Brumath, France), at 37 °C with 5% CO2. Patients and healthy donors provided informed consent prior to bone marrow aspiration or blood sample collection, following the Declaration of Helsinki. MNC were obtained after gradient centrifugation with a separation medium for lymphocytes (Eurobio, Courtaboeuf, France).
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2

Cytoprotective Screening of Compounds

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SH-SY5Y cells were seeded in 96-well culture plates at a density of 12 × 104 cells per well in DMEM/F12 (1:1) medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 1X non-essential amino acids, 100 units/mL penicillin and 10 mg/mL streptomycin (Dutscher, France). After 48 h of incubation, the cultures were treated with 100 µl of the test compounds or DMSO (0.1%) in the same medium. After 24 h, the cells were co-incubated with H2O2 (200 µM) or O/R (O at 10 µM/R at 30 µM) with or without the tested compounds at noncytotoxic concentrations for an additional period of 24 h. The percentage of cell viability was measured using CellTiter 96 AQueous Non-Radioactive Cell Proliferation (MTS) Assay (Promega, France).
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3

Culturing HEK293TT and Immortalized Renal Cells

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HEK293TT cells, purchased from the National Cancer Institute’s Developmental Therapeutics Program, were grown in complete DMEM High Glucose (Thermo Fisher Scientific) containing 10% FBS (Dutscher), 100 U/ml penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin (Dutscher), 1× GlutaMAX-I (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and 250 μg/ml hygromycin B (Sigma-Aldrich). RS cells (Evercyte), an immortalized human renal tubule epithelial cell line, were maintained in serum-free medium OptiPRO (Thermo Fisher Scientific) supplemented with 100 U/ml penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and 1× GlutaMAX-I (Thermo Fisher Scientific) in tissue-culture plasticware coated with 50 μg/ml collagen I (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Cells were maintained at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator and passaged at confluence by trypsinization for 10 min with 1× TrypLE Express (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
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4

Cytoprotective Assay for SH-SY5Y Cells

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SH-SY5Y cells were seeded in 96-well culture plates at a density of 12 × 104 cells per well in DMEM/F12 (1:1) medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 1× non-essential amino acids, 100 units/mL penicillin and 10 mg/mL streptomycin (Dutscher, 67170 Brumath, France). After 48 h of incubation, the cultures were treated with 100 µL of the test compounds or DMSO (0.1%) in the same medium. Following 24 h, the cells were co-incubated with H2O2 (200 µM) or a mixture of oligomycin/rotenone (10 µM/ 30 µM) with or without the tested compounds at noncytotoxic concentrations for an additional period of 24 h. The percent of cell viability was measured using CellTiter 96 AQueous Non-Radioactive Cell Proliferation (MTS) Assay (Promega, Charbonnières-les-Bains, France).
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5

Cytotoxicity Screening of Compounds in HepG2 Cells

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HepG2 cells were purchased from American Type Culture Collection. The cells were cultured in Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium (Ozyme, France) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 1X non-essential amino acids, 100 units/mL penicillin and 10 mg/mL streptomycin (Dutscher, Brumath, France). Cultures were kept under a CO2/air (5%/95%) humidified atmosphere at 37 °C. Prior to the experiment, cells were seeded in 96-well culture plates at a density of 0.1 × 106 cells per well. After 24 h of incubation, the culture medium was refreshed and 100 µL of the test compounds or DMSO (0.1%) were added. Compounds were tested at 4 concentrations (1–30 µM) in triplicate. For the MTT assay [25 (link)], after 24 h of treatment, cells were incubated with 50 µL MTT (0.5 mg/mL, Sigma Aldrich, city, France) at 37 °C for 2 h. Plates were centrifuged, MTT was removed and 100 µL DMSO was distributed per well. The absorbance at 570 nm was measured using microplate reader (brand). Cell viability was expressed as percentage of cell viability compared to controls (DMSO, 0.1%).
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6

Cytotoxicity Assay of HepG2 Cells

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The human hepatoma HepG2 line cells were purchased from American Type Culture Collection. The cells were cultured in Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium (Ozyme, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 1X non-essential amino acids, 100 units/mL penicillin and 10 mg/mL streptomycin (Dutscher, Brumath, France). Cultures were kept under a CO2/air (5%/95%) humidified atmosphere at 37 °C. Prior to the experiment, cells were seeded in 96-well culture plates at a density of 0.1 × 106 cells per well. After 24 h of incubation, the culture medium was refreshed and 100 µL of the test compounds or DMSO (0.1%) were added. Compounds were tested at 7 concentrations (1–1000 µM) in triplicate.
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7

Maintenance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines

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Early grade HCC cell line Huh-7 was maintained in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium while SNU449, a cell line of advanced grade hepatocellular carcinoma, in RPMI1640 medium. SNU449 are cells of grade II–III/IV of human HCC (American Type Culture Collection reference CRL-2234). Cell culture medium was supplemented with 10% foetal calf serum, L-glutamine (2 mM), penicillin (100 U/mL), and streptomycin (100 µg/mL) (Dutscher, Issy-les-Moulineaux, France). Both cell lines were grown in a humidified incubator with 5% CO2 at 37 °C and routinely tested for mycoplasma contamination.
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8

Murine Oligodendrocyte Cell Culture

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Murine oligodendrocytes cells (158N) were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) (Lonza, Amboise, France) supplemented with 5% (v/v) heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (Dutscher, Brumath, France) and 1% antibiotics (penicillin, streptomycin) (Dutscher). Cells were seeded at 5000–10,000 cells/cm2 either in Petri dishes (100 mm in diameter), or 12-well plates. The cells were incubated at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2 and under atmospheric pO2. Cells were trypsinized (0.05% trypsin−0.02% EDTA solution), and passaged twice a week.
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9

Cytotoxicity of Olive Leaf Extracts

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Murine oligodendrocytes (158N) were used as a cell model to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the infusions extracted from two varieties of Olea Europaea leaves (Chemlali and Meski). Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) (Lonza, Amboise, France) supplemented with 5% (v/v) heat‐inactivated fetal bovine serum (Dutscher, Brumath, France) and 1% antibiotics (penicillin, streptomycin) (Dutscher) were used for cell culture. The MTT assay was used to evaluate the effects of treatments on cell viability. MTT salt is reduced to formazan by the mitochondrial enzyme succinate dehydrogenase in the metabolically active cells and was performed on 158N cells as previously described (Nury et al., 2014). Cells were plated in 96‐well culture plates at a density of 1.5 × 104 cells/ well and treated for 24 hr with different concentrations of two varieties of Olea Europaea leaf infusion (Chemlali and Meski; 5–400 μg/ml). Vitamin E (α‐tocopherol, 400 µM = 172 µg/ml) was used as positive control. Absorbance of plates was determined at 570 nm with a microplate reader (Mindray, Hamburg, Germany).
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10

HeLa Cell Culture and Transfection

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HeLa cells (ATCC, CCL-2, Amp, cervical adenocarcinoma; human) were grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM 1X + GlutaMAX™, Pyruvate, Gibco; Thermo Fischer Scientific, Inc.) which was supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, cat. no. S1810-500; Dominique Dutscher), in addition to mixture of penicillin (100 U/ml) and streptomycin (100 U/ml) (cat. no. 17-602E; Lonza Group, Ltd.), at 37°C with 5% CO2 in a humidified environment. HeLa cell lines stably expressing either GFP-UHRF1 WT or GFP-UHRF1 C724A-H741A protein, were constructed using the pOZ-N plasmid (Addgene) in which the GFP-UHRF1 WT or GFP-UHRF1 C724A-H741A mutant cDNAs had been subcloned as previously described (15 (link)). Mycoplasma testing has been performed for the cell lines. Plasmids (TIP60 wild-type and its mutants: ΔHAT and ΔMYST; supplied by EpiGex) were transfected (at a concentration of 1 µg/2 ml of media, for a time period of 24 h) into HeLa cells with either jetPEI or jetPRIME (2 µl) (cat. no. 101-10N and cat. no. 114-15; PolyPlus-transfection SA) according to the manufacturer's protocol.
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