The EEG was recorded using an EASYCAP 64-channel system and a Brainvision actiCHamp amplifier. The electrodes were arranged in accordance with the standard 10–10 system. The data was recorded at a sampling rate of 1000 Hz and filtered online between 0.03 Hz and 100 Hz. All electrodes were referenced online to the Fz electrode. Offline preprocessing was performed in MATLAB, using the FieldTrip toolbox (Oostenveld et al., 2011 (link); RRID:SCR_004849 ). The continuous EEG data were epoched into trials ranging from 200 ms before stimulus onset to 800 ms after stimulus onset, and baseline corrected by subtracting the mean of the pre-stimulus interval for each trial and channel separately. Trials containing movement-related artefacts were automatically identified and removed using the default automatic rejection procedure implemented in Fieldtrip. Channels containing excessive noise were removed based on visual inspection. Blinks and eye movement artifacts were identified and removed using independent components analysis and visual inspection of the resulting components. The epoched data were down-sampled to 200 Hz.
Actichamp amplifier
Manufactured by BrainVision
Sourced in United States
The ActiCHamp is a high-performance multi-channel amplifier designed for EEG (electroencephalography) and other physiological signal acquisition. It features low-noise, high-precision amplification and analog-to-digital conversion capabilities. The ActiCHamp is capable of recording multiple channels simultaneously, making it a versatile tool for various research and clinical applications.
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23 protocols using actichamp amplifier
1
EEG Preprocessing Protocol for Stimulus-Evoked Analysis
2
EEG Preprocessing and Analysis Protocol
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EEG signals were recorded using an EASYCAP 64‐electrode4 system and a Brainvision actiCHamp amplifier. Electrodes were arranged in accordance with the 10–10 system. EEG data was recorded at 1000 Hz sampling rate and filtered online between 0.03 Hz and 100 Hz. All electrodes were referenced online to the Fz electrode. Offline preprocessing was performed using FieldTrip (Oostenveld, Fries, Maris, & Schoffelen, 2011 ). EEG data were epoched from –200 ms to 800 ms relative to stimulus onset and baseline‐corrected by subtracting the mean pre‐stimulus signal. Channels and trials containing excessive noise were removed based on visual inspection. Blinks and eye movement artifacts were removed using independent component analysis and visual inspection of the resulting components. The epoched data were down‐sampled to 200 Hz.
3
High-Density EEG Neurophysiological Recording
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EEG was recorded with a Brain Vision ActiCHamp amplifier and 32 electrodes of the 10–20 system. Data was sampled at a frequency of 500 Hz using an online high-pass at 0.01 Hz and low-pass at 120 Hz.
4
EEG Acquisition and Microstate Analysis
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An actiCHamp amplifier (Brain Vision LLC, NC, United States) was used to amplify and digitize the EEG data at a sampling frequency of 512 Hz. The EEG data were stored in a PC running Windows 7 (Microsoft Corporation, Washington, DC, United States). EEG activity was recorded from 64 positions with active Ag/AgCl scalp electrodes (actiCAP electrodes, Brain Vision LLC, NC, United States). The ground and reference electrodes were placed on AFz and on FCz, respectively (see Figure 1 ).
Electroencephalography acquisition was carried out by NeuroRT Studio software (Mensia Technologies SA, Paris, France). The EEG signal processing procedure was performed using MATLAB functions (MathWorks Inc., Natick MA, United States), specifically the EEGLab toolbox (Delorme and Makeig, 2004 (link)). EEG microstates were extracted and characterized by LORETA-KEY v20170220 software (the Key Institute for Brain-Mind Research, Zurich, Switzerland). Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS for Windows, version 23.0 (IBM Inc., Chicago, IL, United States).
Electroencephalography acquisition was carried out by NeuroRT Studio software (Mensia Technologies SA, Paris, France). The EEG signal processing procedure was performed using MATLAB functions (MathWorks Inc., Natick MA, United States), specifically the EEGLab toolbox (Delorme and Makeig, 2004 (link)). EEG microstates were extracted and characterized by LORETA-KEY v20170220 software (the Key Institute for Brain-Mind Research, Zurich, Switzerland). Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS for Windows, version 23.0 (IBM Inc., Chicago, IL, United States).
5
EEG Setup for Cognitive Neuroscience Studies
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A total of 64 active electrodes connected to a BrainVision actiCHamp amplifier were placed according to the 10-10 montage in an actiCAP electrode cap except for four electrodes (FT9, FT10, TP9 and TP10) that were used as external electrodes. Two were placed around the eye to capture horizontal (HEOG) and vertical (VEOG) eye movements, and two were placed on the mastoids for offline re-referencing (M1, M2). During the recording, M1 was the online reference and FPz was used as the ground. The EEG signal was sampled at 1000 Hz and electrode impedances were kept below 10 KΩ.
6
EEG Acquisition and Analysis of Anesthesia Recovery
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Electroencephalographic data was acquired using a BIS Monitor (BIS VISTA Monitoring System, Aspect Medical Systems, Newton, MA, USA) with a BIS Quatro sensor (Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland) on the left forehead. The raw data consisted of two channels of data (sampling rate, 128 Hz) with a reference channel on the left forehead, and it was exported from the BIS Monitor and imported for analysis via MATLAB (version R2020b), where analysis was performed on the first channel. Raw EEG amplitude was converted into microvolts using a coefficient of 0.05 (Connor, 2022 (link)). Each participant underwent a 5-min resting baseline recording, and data was acquired from pre-bolus until spontaneous waking during recovery. EEG data was acquired for a total of 114 infusions across 21 subjects. To characterize variation across scalp locations, 9 participants also had one recording of 64-channel EEG (sampling rate, 500 Hz) using an actiCHamp amplifier and an actiCAP slim electrode system (BrainVision, Garner, NC, USA).
7
Intraoperative Neurophysiology During DBS Surgery
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In our practice, DBS surgeries are conducted unilaterally with the patient awake and off dopaminergic medications. We recorded LFPs simultaneously from the DBS lead in its final target location in STN and from a linear six‐contact ECoG strip placed temporarily over the hand knob area of the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex (Fig. 1A ).38 Strip placement was well tolerated and did not incorporate diuretics or sedative medications. The directional DBS lead (Boston Scientific's Vercise Cartesia lead) consists of eight contacts arranged into four rows, each separated by 0.5 mm in a 1‐3‐3‐1 configuration (Fig. 1B ). The lead is placed such that the dorsolateral border of STN lies between the two middle rows, with contacts 2 and 5 facing anteriorly. We acquired surface electromyography (EMG) recordings from contralateral first dorsal interosseous, flexor carpi radialis, and gastrocnemius muscles. All signals were sampled continuously at 25 kHz using a BrainVision actiCHamp amplifier without filters.
8
Comprehensive EEG Recording Methodology
9
EMG-Based Passive Leg Movement Protocol
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EMG activity was recorded using bipolar surface electrodes, amplified with actiCHamp amplifier (Brain Vision LLC, Morrisville, NC), and digitized at 2000HZ. Openvibe, an open-source software, was used for data collection [44 ]. A linear EMG envelope was obtained by rectifying and low-pass filtering the EMG signal, using the 2nd order anticausal Butterworth with 1Hz cutoff frequency. During the test, patients were suspended by the body weight support (Hocoma AG, Switzerland) while their legs were attached to the Lokomat working in passive mode (motors off and backdrivable). The physiotherapist verbally instructed patients to flex and extend the left or right hip for 4 seconds and to relax in between tasks.
10
32-Channel EEG Data Acquisition and Processing
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